Thread by @casanova_lab

We show that neutralizing autoantibodies to type I IFNs underlie a third of the life-threatening adverse reactions to yellow fever virus live-attenuated virus (YFV 17D): rupress.org/jem/article/21…

We also report a patient with YFV 17D disease due to inherited IFNAR2 deficiency, consistent with our previous description of a patient with inherited IFNAR1 deficiency: rupress.org/jem/article/21…

These studies indicate that at least half of the rare but devastating cases of YFV 17D disease are due to inborn errors of type I IFN immunity or their autoimmune phenocopy.

They also show that neutralizing autoantibodies to type I IFN can cause not only critical COVID-19 pneumonia (science.sciencemag.org/content/370/65…), but also another viral disease. Importantly, the patients developed YFV 17D disease within a few days post vaccination.

This provides further evidence that these autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19 are not a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but pre-exist infection and are actually causal of critical COVID-19 pneumonia.

Thank you to @JExpMed and co-authors; Paul Bastard, @michailidis_hbv, Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann, @Linndred, Tom Le Voyer, @JRosain, @PhilippotQ, Yoann Seeleuthner, Adrian Gervais, Marie Materna, Patricia Mouta Nunes de Oliveira, Maria de Lourdes S. Maia, Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom,

Tamiris Azamor da Costa Barros, Deborah Araújo da Conceição, @egoudouris, Akira Homma, Günther Slesak, Johannes Schäfer, Bali Pulendran, Joseph Miller, Ralph Huits, @ryangrui, Lindsey B. Rosen, Luzy Bizien, Lazaro Lorenzo, Maya Chrabieh, Lucia V. Erazo, Flore Rosenberg,

Maxime Jeljeli, @BeziatV, Steven M. Holland, @AurelieCobat, @ldnotar, Helen C. Su, Rafi Ahmed, @anne_puel, @ShenYingZhang1, Laurent Abel, Stephen J. Seligman, @tutu_ZQ, Margaret R. MacDonald, @JouanguyE, and @RiceLaboratory!