He does use the phrase "free traders" and "a free trade" with the first phrase appearing extensively in Book 3, Chapter 3, where he points out that sometimes kings would give certain traders tax exemptions. They were then called "free traders." adamsmithworks.org/texts/chapter-…
As cities grew, these exemptions stopped being personal, and were extended to whole cities at a time. The cities were then "free cities" or "free burghs" full of "free traders."
In book 4, chapter 8, he gets into a consideration of "a free trade" which he argues is an antidote to collusion and oppression, because it allows for more competition. adamsmithworks.org/texts/chapter-…
@doctorow is right that Smith is no fan of Mercantilism, but he's equally not an anarcho-capitalist or a fan of the kind of wholesale regulation Doctorow's vision would require.
Just sayin'.
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Good morning, Smithketeers! Time for Fun With 18thC Spelling! WHY does #AdamSmith, who invented modern economics, spell it with an O like some kind of crazy person? #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
It's because he's thinking about the Greek roots of the word. Oikos=Household and Nomia=Management [Sending some love to our friends @kefimgr] #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
We, the SmithTweeters, support a revival of this spelling. We're sure it won't bother any of our oeconomist friends, or their oeconomics departments. Right? #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
OK so chapter 4 of Book 3 of #WealthOfNations is a lot of *chef's kiss* and a little "...wat." Let's dive in. (III.iv.) #SmithTweets
Towns getting rich helped the country get rich in three ways:
1) They provide a market for the country. 2) They provided entrepreneurial people with the money to buy and improve land. 3) They largely ended domination and war.
3) is another wildly underappreciated argument from Smith: The commercial society that towns fostered improved governing institutions to reduce violence and increase security so that development can even happen.
Look, no matter what Starship told us all back in the 80s, you can't actually build a city on rock and roll. Fortunately #AdamSmith is here to help. (with Hume in the background on synthesizer, we suspect.)
The first inhabitants of cities were traders and craftsmen who were particularly put upon before cities developed. You can tell by the kinds of things they consider privileges (deciding who their kids marry! deciding who inherits! 🤯) (III.iii.1) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
Because they were probably itinerant peddlers and workers before they settled in cities, they were taxed for passing through lands, or crossing bridges, or setting up a stall to sell goods. Or whatever else someone could dream up. (III.iii.2) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
Is it just us, or do you guys love it when #AdamSmith is all, “I am inventing modern economics! To do so, I must now discuss at length that time the Germans and Scythians overran the Roman Empire!” Because we are very much here for that. (III.ii.1) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
It’s probably just us. Anyway the Germans and Scythians overran the Roman Empire.
Lots of land was deserted as people fled, then grabbed up or “engrossed” by a few people, who protected their grabbed land with primogeniture and entail. (III.ii.1) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
Oh man, we love this chapter. And we love it because when Smith talks about how intimately the wealth of the town and the country are intertwined, it’s such a great example of how trade is about cooperation. (III.i.1) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
Is there a better way to start the day than with a good ol' Smithian subdivision? OBVIOUSLY NOT. Capital can be employed in four ways: 1) procuring rude produce (raw materials) 2) manufacturing 3) wholesale 4) retail
(II.v.2) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
All four employments depend on each other. You can't have retail without raw materials, manufacturing, wholesaling. You won't procure raw materials with no one to sell them to. &c. (II.v.3–7) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets
Retail needs to be defended more than the other three categories. Smith is arguing against political writers who think that the number of retailers needs to be controlled to protect consumers and the public interest. (II.v.7) #WealthOfTweets#SmithTweets