On this day in 1918 during the Finnish Civil War, the Battle of Kuopio ended. The battle was a relatively bloodless, yet important victory for the White Army in Northern Savonia.
The White forces were officially led by Carl Malm, an officer of the Old Finnish Guard, disbanded in 1905, but in battle they were led by Jägers like Einar Vihma, who had returned from Germany to liberate his hometown.
The Whites of Kuopio received reinforcements from Ostrobothnia and Kajaani. Among the soldiers of the Kajaani Sissi regiment was young Urho Kekkonen, the future president of Finland.
The Whites had many machineguns but only dozen rounds of ammo per gun. With a skillful bluff, they convinced the Reds that they had been resupplied, which made the Reds take defensive positions at the military barracks near the city center.
The Reds were sieged for a week at the garrison when finally, the Whites brought in artillery and after a couple shells hit the buildings, the Reds surrendered. Afterwards, the barracks were turned into a prison camp for the Reds.
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Fascinating video about asymmetrical skis used by Uralic peoples in Fennoscandia. On the left foot, the skier has a long ski for sliding, on the right foot, he has a shorter ski for kicking
The long ski was traditionally made from pine tree reaction wood, which was hard and curved. The shorter ski was made from birch and its bottom was covered with deer hide to give it better friction. The long ski was waxed with animal fat to make it slide better.
Most of the time, only one ski pole was used. This allowed the skier to use a weapon such as a spear or bow in their other hand. Sometimes the weapon doubled as the ski pole. The asymmetrical skis allowed the hunter to achieve considerable speed.
Finnish Kinship Wars, the final chapter: The East Karelian Uprising. 0/19
Between 1918-1919, the British intervention forces supported Karelian Nationalism as a counterweight to Finnish expansion in East Karelia. A Karelian regiment fought under British command against the Finnish Viena expedition. 1/19
In 1919 the British left, letting the White Russian forces rule over the region, ending their support for an independent Karelian state. In late 1919, the Karelians drove out the Russians and created an autonomous zone in Viena with their own government. 2/19
Thread on Elias Simojoki (1899-1940) and clerical Fascism in Finland. 0/28
Finnish Nationalism was linked to Christianity since its inception. The standardization of Finnish language began after the Reformation and the Lutheran church taught the people to read the Bible in their own language. 1/28
In the 19th Century the status of the Finnish language improved further and a National identity began to form. Nationalists saw Christianity as the foundation of Finnish culture. Among some there was a belief that the Finnish people were chosen by God. 2/28
Thread on Yrjö Ruutu and NazBol history of Finland. 1/32
The Finnish War of 1918 had been, to most Finnish Nationalists, a War of Liberation from Russia. But, some of them were appalled because they had had to fight against the Finnish Reds instead of Russians. Yrjö Ruutu was one of the first people to call the conflict a Civil War. 2/
Ruutu was an academic who had played a major role in the Jaeger movement, as one of its main architects and as an on-the-ground recruiter. 3/32