It's time to celebrate a pivotal moment in online culture (which is to say, modern culture): the 20th anniversary of the very first Internet meme: “All your base are belong to us!” (Feeling old yet?) (1/9
AYB is the famously garbled translation of the opening animation from a 1992 shoot-em-up called Zero Wing. It was only released in Europe, on the Sega Mega Drive. Nearly a decade later, netizens resurrected it in a thread on a 4chan precursor called Something Awful. (2/9
It’s tough to pinpoint the moment a meme flares into life. Is it first appearance, or the first time it gets traction? People were talking about it in late 2000 on Something Awful, but a Feb 17 2001 video and subsequent Wired piece really blew it up. wired.com/2001/02/when-g… (3/9
Of course, there were meme-like gags and trends online before All Your Base appeared, but it was the first to really go mainstream. It was profiled in Time, then a true gatekeeper of legacy media: web.archive.org/web/2007062102… (4/9
It also spawned a series of pranks as kids began injecting the phrase into real-life situations, presaging the way Internet life would begin spilling over into the real world and even politics. (This one's a photoshop, though.) (5/9
AYB represents the moment the Internet hinted it could compete with, and even exceed, the pull of traditional media. It was the quickening of the Internet as we experience it today: not fringe geek culture, but culture writ large. (6/9
It also heralded an accelerating synchronization of Japanese and Western tastes. While Netizens made fun of the garbled English, this was a generation raised on Japanese fantasy since birth: games and anime were not exotic to them. (7/9
Side note: Five years or so back, I made a herculean effort to track down the translator of Zero Wing. I reached out to numerous former employees of Toaplan, the developer, trying to discern who among them had created this fragment of cyber-jazz. (8/9
The consensus was that a staffer did it in house, which makes sense, but nobody would confirm his name, which was a little odd. The search continues, because he's an unsung hero of the localization world. Truly, “All Your Base” are belong to him. (9/9
Wow, this blew up. If you're interested in more deep dives on Japanese pop culture of all sorts remixing our dreams and realities, do I have a long read for you: amazon.com/gp/product/198…
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A real moment: Nikkei 225 breaks 30,000 for first time since Bubble burst in 1990, ushering in what were known as Lost Decades. By economists, anyway. So-called "lost" years saw many of Japan's biggest pop-cultural hits: PlayStation, Pokemon, emoji, Tamagotchi, Evangelion. (1/5
In 1990, same pundits who led "Japan bashing" during bubble warned of “Japanization”: a toxic mix of recession, hyperaging population, and political dysfunction that would befall industrialized nations that followed a similar path. To economists, Japan was done. Or was it? (2/5
As Japan collapsed in on itself economically, it exploded outward culturally, scattering its hopes and dreams across the globe. Or adoption of them transformed meanings of cool, of femininity and masculinity, even identity. (3/5
In writing "Pure Invention," I stuck as much as possible to Japanese-language sources, because I wanted to give the creators and consumers of Japan a direct say. But I also relied on (or was inspired by) many English-language resources, and I'd like to highlight a few. (1/?)
“The Influence of Japanese Art on Design,” by Hannah Sigur, is a richly illustrated tome that explains how profoundly Japanese sensibilities came to inflect Western design at the turn of the 20th century. Many surprises in here. amazon.com/gp/product/158…
John Dower’s “Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II” (2000) is THE book on immediate postwar history. It’s a deftly written exploration of how a motley mix of pardoned war criminals and American military advisors rebuilt Japan. wwnorton.com/books/Embracin…
Now that the #FinalFantasy VII remake #FF7R is here, it makes me think about what a literal game-changer the 1997 original was. Not just in terms of sales, but for the game industry, for Japan as a nation, and for global culture. (1/14)
Final Fantasy VII injected a megadose of Japanese sensibilities into the minds of young Westerners. Anime/manga style melodrama. Visual-kei & Amano goth. Androgynous heroes. Alternatives to Western style. But how did that happen? (2/14)
First off, jump back to 1953. That’s when Masaru Ibuka (below) and Akio Morita decided to rename their tongue-twister of an electronics company, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, into a more pronounceable “Sony.” Why Sony? (3/14)
Today, April 7, marks an epoch-making moment in pop cultural history: the debut of Mobile Suit Gundam. It wasn’t the first anime to find an older audience, but it was the first anime to trigger a full-fledged societal phenomenon. (1/9)
Gundam didn’t do well at first. In fact it was a ratings disaster. Written for teens, it was marketed towards kids, as nearly all anime was at the time. The sponsor, a toy company named Clover, pulled the plug as piles of its silly-looking merchandise sat on shelves. BUT! (2/9)
Older fans, teens and young adults, weren’t ready to give up. They poured out their souls in impassioned missives to what was then the best method of connecting to other fans: the pages of anime magazines like Animec, The Anime, and OUT. (3/9)
With Tokyoites panic-buying paper products across the city, this seems like a relevant time to revisit a similar moment from 40+ years ago: the 1973 Toilet Paper Riots. I write about this in “Pure Invention,” but here’s the scoop. 1/5
The Toilet Paper Riots weren’t caused by viral fears, but economic ones. The world was reeling from an Arab oil embargo. It led to price hikes on all sorts of goods — what Japanese call kyoran bukka, “out of control prices.” Fears of shortages gripped the nation. 2/5
In Nov. 1973, a badly worded ad led residents of an Osaka suburb to believe toilet paper was next. It wasn’t, but local housewives battled to snap up 500 packages in an hour. News coverage of the spectacle sparked runs in other cities. Stampedes sent many to the hospital. 3/5