1/12x This is a follow-up to Saturday Morning Class #10 Lp(a) and diet. @stsimikas @OxPL_apoB It shows there is nothing new under the sun. It’s an interesting story of Vilhjalmur Stefansson Arctic explorer from early 1900’s.
2/12 He lived among the Inuits (AKA Eskimos), who then ate a carnivore diet (sea mammals, fish, wild game, no carbs or vegetables) and only drank water. This is the same diet our 2 cats, Captain Jack and Leonardo, eat.
3/12 He ate this diet and only drank water and had no untoward effects, except when eating very lean meat with no fat in winter from wild game that had no fat, developing diarrhea and other symptoms (back then it was called “protein poisoning”).
4/12 The prevailing medical view at that time (and now) was this is an unhealthy diet. To prove it was not associated with adverse effects, he and a second colleague (a third only made it to 1 wk) voluntarily got admitted to Bellevue Hospital in NYC in metabolic unit.
5/12 They ate their meals there, and underwent intense evaluation for that time for 1 YEAR!. Meals were animal meats 3x/day, no carbs, no alcohol. Muscle protein, brain, liver, etc.
6/12 Bottom line: ketosis (measured in urine) started in ~4 days and stayed for the while year, c/w no cheating diet by eating apple fritters. 
7/12 There was only a 5-8 lb weight early, then no change. This was attributed to water loss by the investigators- even back then, smart folks!
8/12 There was evidence of chylomicronemia with TC 200-800 when on on very high fat diet.
9/12 My observations: 1- Of course, no LDL-C or Lp(a) in those days…but based on what we know, the LDL-C likely went up and Lp(a) decreased modestly and fasting TG and glucose likely went down a lot.
2- weight loss was modest with keto diet
2- weight loss was modest with keto diet
10/12- 3- Note- meat has carbs in it- 10-15 grams per 100 grams. This is due to presence of stored glycogen, so carnivore diet is not "no carb" (depends on how meat is processed).
4- Carnivore diet is compatible with short term health, if no predisposition to LDL-C going up.
4- Carnivore diet is compatible with short term health, if no predisposition to LDL-C going up.
11/12 5- Inuits/Eskomos had almost no incidence of diabetes prior to 1950s. With Western diet, all CVD events are similar to rest of society now. But despite carnvore diet, they lived 10-15 yrs < rest of society, some due to lack of medical care otherwise.
12/12 6- Note, there was no dairy or other fatty/processed foods
7- references: Start on page 651- jbc.org/issue/S0021-92…
8- disclaimer- this is for academic interest and education, not a recommendation on what you should eat
7- references: Start on page 651- jbc.org/issue/S0021-92…
8- disclaimer- this is for academic interest and education, not a recommendation on what you should eat
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