Priya Sampathkumar Profile picture
Apr 21, 2021 7 tweets 1 min read Read on X
I am getting calls from friends/ family in India about COVID. From neurosurgeons to urologists, doctors are being roped in to handle the crisis.

1/ Having managed pts with COVID for the last year & having the luxury of time, here are my thoughts for those new to this battle.
2/ Diagnosed COVID? What next ?

Check oxygen sats.
If sats > 90%, reassure
-Paracetamol as needed for fever
-Inhaled steroids (budesonide)
-Continue to follow sats
-No need for hospitalization
-No need for chest CT
3/ if O2 Sats < 90%

-Supplemental oxygen
-Dexamethasone 6 mg/day or equivalent steroid (prednisone 40 mg, methylprednisolone 30 mg; hydrocortisone 150 mg
Steroid preparation/route does not make a difference
-Prone positioning ( sleeping on stomach)
4/ If O2 sats <90%, admit to hospital if bed available. If not treat with oxygen and oral steroids at home.
5/ Following are not useful. Do not use routinely
⁃Azithromycin
⁃Doxycycline
⁃Ivermectin
⁃Hydroxychloroquine
⁃Favipravir
6/ Remdesivir may be helpful in shortening duration of illness when used early. No real benefit in reducing mortality.
7/ Continue to promote vaccination, masking, physical distancing.

Don't give up prevention !!!!

Happy to answer questions

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More from @PSampathkumarMD

Aug 1, 2022
1/ How does monkeypox spread? #MedTwitter
Through close, personal, contact:
•Direct contact with monkeypox rash, scabs, or body fluids
•Touching objects, fabrics (clothing, bedding, towels) used by someone with monkeypox.
•Contact with respiratory secretions
2/ PPE to prevent monkeypox transmission
Healthcare workers: gloves, gowns, mask and eye protection.
N95/respirators for activity that involves aerosol generation

Patients: Keep lesions covered and wear a mask when around others
3/ To control monkeypox we urgently need
a) Testing, testing, testing!!
Early ID means that
⁃isolation can be implemented and further transmission prevented
⁃Ring vaccination of contacts can prevent illness in contacts

b) Vaccination of at risk individuals
Read 10 tweets
May 21, 2022
What is monkey pox? A 🧵

Monkey pox is a zoonosis (infection from animals) caused by a virus closely related to the smallpox virus

First cases in macaques in 1958

First human case reported in 1970 from DRC

Prior cases may have been mistaken for smallpox
2/
- Transmission from animals to humans through scratches or bites from infected animals (rodents/nonhuman primates) or eating bush meat

- Human to human transmission usually limited to close family contacts or HCWs. Contact/droplets main modes of transmission
3/
Hallmarks of infection are fever, swollen lymph nodes and rash

Rash goes from flat patches to raised nodules to vesicles, 1-2 days in each phase

Final stage of pus filled blisters can last 5-7 days

Infective period - from onset of fever till all lesions scabbed over
Read 11 tweets
May 12, 2022
So you’ve tested positive for COVID-19. What do you do now?

With case rates soaring, and more contagious variants circulating in the US - it is likely that many of us will be facing this question

Thread
1/
2/ Assess whether you have risk factors for progression
⁃Age >65
⁃Immunosuppression
⁃Obesity
⁃Chronic kidney, lung, liver or heart disease
⁃Pregnancy
⁃Unvaccinated

cdc.gov/coronavirus/20…
3/ if you meet one or more criteria, you should seek out one of the following treatments in order of preference
⁃Paxlovid
⁃Remedesivir IV for 3 days
⁃Monoclonal antibody (Bebtelovimab)
⁃Molnupiravir

…-to-treat-locator-dhhs.hub.arcgis.com
Read 12 tweets
Jan 5, 2022
COVID cases in India rising rapidly, heralding a probable third wave. While India needs to prepare for the worst, there are hopeful signs that this wave will not be associated with the high death rate of the delta wave

Why?
1/
Two main reasons

- Larger proportion of the population immune through vaccination or past infection

- Omicron does not cause the severe lung inflammation and oxygen need seen with delta

2/
What can an individual do to prepare:

- Get vaccinated, get boosted when eligible
- Mask up
- Avoid crowds whenever possible

3/
Read 11 tweets
Nov 28, 2021
What we know and don't know about #Omicron (B 1.1.529)

1/ Reported in S. Africa Nov 24 from a sample from Nov 9. So it has been around for at least 3 weeks, possibly longer.

2/ Classified as Variant of Concern (VOC) on Nov 26

3/ Several mutations on the spike protein
4/ As of Nov 27, found in many other countries including Belgium, Botswana, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Italy, UK.

Seems widespread already.
5/ Why is it Omicron a variant of concern ?

First, it has spread rapidly in S. Africa, replacing Delta entirely in some areas. This ability to replace delta is striking because other variants have not been able to do that.
Read 12 tweets
Aug 31, 2021
Vaccine Efficacy updated FAQ:

1) Do vaccines prevent infection? Including delta.

Yes. Unvaccinated 5 times more likely to be infected in LA county study. cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/7… Image
2) Do vaccines work as well against delta variant as we hoped?

No. Based on UK studies efficacy is lower against symptomatic infection (see table) but still extremely high against severe disease (>90%). Image
3) Do vaccines prevent hospitalization and death, including against delta variant.

Yes. Unvaccinated 29 times more likely to be hospitalized due to COVID than vaccinated in LA county study. Image
Read 6 tweets

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