#Iowa's HSB 272 ("An Act relating to tax collection and penalties, tax permits and loans made by state-chartered banks") is the kind of bureaucratic maneuver Woody Guthrie's meant with, "Some will rob you with a six-gun, and some with a fountain pen."
On its face, the bill is a completely ordinary piece of tax-code cleanup, purging some superannuated rules and consolidating others. But as Iowa law prof @ChrisOdinet writes for @creditslips, there's a clever gotcha hidden in that bloodless language.
Here's where the knife slips in: "The general assembly of Iowa hereby declares… it does not want any of the provisions of any of the amendments contained in Public Law No. 96-221 (94 stat. 132), sections 521, 522 and 523 to apply with respect to loans made in this state…"
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Eliminating Sec 521 means that out-of-state banks chartered by the FDIC would no longer be bound by Iowa's usury laws. That opens the door to "partnerships between a handful of state-chartered banks and so-called '#fintech' nonbank lenders making triple digit loans."
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As the @trashfuturepod folks like to remind us, any time you read the word "fintech," substitute "unregulated bank."
And as Odinet writes, this rent-a-bank scheme has led to "unique legal and policy problems."
So far, so normal: corruption buried in an obscure tax-bill. But then it gets weird. It turns out that this maneuver to legalize loan-sharking in Iowa is the result of lobbying by…Peloton! (yes, THAT @onepeleton!).
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Peleton makes a luxury "smart" exercise bike and many people who want to own such a thing can't afford it, so Peleton has partnered with a fintech company called @affirm, which finances the $3k needed to buy a Peleton bike.
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And Affirm is a predatory lender. While it advertises "0% down, 0% APR, 0% hidden fees," its website offers this warning (in 10.5 point grey-on-white type):
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"Your rate will be 0–30% APR based on credit, and is subject to an eligibility check. Options depend on your purchase amount, and a down payment may be required…Affirm Plus financing is provided by Celtic Bank, Member FDIC."
So Affirm has a rent-a-bank scheme with Iowa's Celtic Bank, and eliminating Section 521 will let it make loans in Iowa so long as they meet standards in California. That's a good deal if you want to advertise "0% down, 0% APR, 0% hidden fees," and charge "0-30%."
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Odinet points out that Affirm's 30% APR is pretty low by the usury standards of fintech companies, but "it opens the door to much higher cost lending by firms like Elevate Credit, Opportunity Financial, and more--all of whom use the rent-a-bank model."
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If you'd like an unrolled version of this thread to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:
Provocative framing from @delong: "These Chicago Boys are all right-wing Marxists. They buy the Marxian proposition that the state is an executive committee for rigging the economy in the interest of the ruling class."
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"But they think that that is a good thing as long as the ruling class is based on wealth, however previously acquired. All their objections are to those who use some form of societal power other than wealth to try to rig the economy in their interest."
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"And while there is an argument that a wealth-based ruling class is in general best, it is a weak argument. "
Next Tuesday, I'm helping @Bruces launch "Robot Artists & Black Swans," a book of sf short stories in the Italian "fantascienza" mode, at Austin's @BookPeople!