Notre nouvelle #MinuteDuPatrimoine nous ramène à 100 ans passés, lorsque Banting, Best, Collip et Macleod cherchent un remède pour le diabète. Les 60 secondes passent vite, alors nous expliquons dans ce fil le chaîne d’événements qui a amené à la découverte de l’insuline. ⬇️
7 décembre 1920 – Frederick Banting rencontre le Dr John J. R. Macleod, chef du département de physiologie de l’Université de Toronto, pour parler de sa nouvelle idée d’isoler la sécrétion interne du pancréas.
17 mai 1921 – Banting commence ses expériences scientifiques à l’Université de Toronto. Malgré ses doutes, Macleod offre à Banting un espace de laboratoire, des chiens sur lesquels il pourra travailler et les services d’un aide-étudiant, Charles Best.
2 décembre 1921 – Leonard Thompson, un jeune diabétique de 13 ans au seuil de la mort, est admis à l’hôpital général de Toronto.
12 décembre 1921 – Macleod invite le Dr James Bertram Collip à joindre l’équipe. En tant que biochimiste, Collip a les compétences spécialisées nécessaires pour améliorer la purification de l’extrait pancréatique.
11 janvier 1922– L’extrait pancréatique est testé sur un sujet humain, Leonard Thompson, pour la première fois. Un abcès stérile se développe à l’un des points d’injection et les mesures révèlent que l’extrait n’allégit pas significativement les symptômes diabétiques de Thompson.
23 janvier 1922 – L’équipe ressaie et Leonard Thompson est le premier humain à recevoir une injection réussie de l’extrait pancréatique. La méthode d’extraction améliorée de Collip produit des extraits plus purs. En 24h, la glycosurie de Thompson disparaît presque complètement.
3 mai 1922 – Macleod utilise le mot « insuline » pour désigner l’extrait pancréatique pour la première fois. Il présente les résultats des essais humains de Toronto à une conférence médicale de l’Association of American Physicians.
3 juin 1922 – Les scientifiques accordent les droits de brevet et la licence de l'insuline en Amérique du Nord au Conseil des gouverneurs de l'Université de Toronto pour les frais habituels de 1 $.
Pour en savoir plus sur l’histoire complexe des brevets, consultez cet article de notre consultant de la #MinuteDuPatrimoine, Christopher Rutty de @Moments_Canada : definingmomentscanada.ca/fr/insuline100…
Pour plus d’informations sur la découverte de l’insuline, visitez l’Encyclopédie canadienne : thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/fr/article/dec…

Et la chronologie de @Moments_Canada : definingmomentscanada.ca/fr/insuline100…

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More from @HistoricaCanada

18 May
Our latest #HeritageMinute takes us back 100 years, when Banting, Best, Collip, and Macleod were working to find a treatment for diabetes. 60 seconds go by fast, so we’re outlining in this thread the chain of events that led to the discovery of insulin. ⬇️
December 7, 1920 – Frederick Banting meets Dr. John J. R. Macleod, renowned head of physiology at the University of Toronto, to speak about his new idea to extract internal secretions of the pancreas – something that had never been done before.
May 17, 1921 – Banting begins his experiments at @UofT. Though Macleod was skeptical, he had offered Banting lab space, dogs to work on and the services of a student assistant for the summer. Charles Best, one of Macleod’s fourth-year students, wins the position via a coin toss.
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31 Jul 20
August 1st marks the day slavery was abolished throughout the British Empire, freeing enslaved people in Canada. Racial inequality and anti-Black racism are legacies of enslavement. Mark #EmancipationDay by learning about enslavement in Canada with 6 @CdnEncyclopedia articles:
The #enslavement of #Indigenous peoples defines slavery in Canada and is part of a dark legacy of colonization. 2/3 of the slaves in New France were Indigenous. However, when slavery was abolished, enslaved Black ppl far outnumbered enslaved Indigenous ppl.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sla…
In early Canada, the enslavement of African peoples was a legal instrument that helped fuel colonial economic enterprise. For 2 centuries, settlers in what is now Canada bought, sold & enslaved Black ppl, and were involved in the transatlantic slave trade. thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bla…
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23 Jul 20
With the #Tokyo2020 Olympics and Paralympics rescheduled to next year, take a trip down memory lane and check out the @CdnEncyclopedia’s bios on Canada’s summer athletes past and present. Start with these nine that you may not know of. ⬇️
George Orton is known as Canada's first Olympic gold medal winner. There are two records concerning George Orton at the 1900 Paris Olympics. They show that he placed 3rd in the 400 m men's hurdles and 1st in the 3000 m steeplechase. thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/geo…
Joseph Benjamin Keeper was a world-class athlete and war hero of the Norway House Cree Nation. Keeper competed at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Olympics, where he participated in the 5,000 and 10,000 m track events. thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/jos…
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2 Jun 20
Take the time to reflect on the history of Black oppression in Canada. Learn the stories of 10 Black individuals who fought against discrimination in the thread below.
In 1734, Marie Joseph-Angélique was convicted, tortured and hanged for allegedly setting fire to Montreal's merchants' quarters in an attempt to flee her enslavement. Angélique has come to symbolize Black resistance and freedom.
thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/mar…
In the 1850s and 60s, “conductor” of the Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman helped Black Americans escape enslavement. In total, Tubman made at least 10 trips and transported at least 70 people, her own family included, to freedom in Canada. thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/har…
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