Top takeaways from the Introduction to Psychology course from Yale courses on YouTube:
Studying psychology is particularly complicated since it requires you to define the level at which you're trying to analyse the behaviour. Hence, it's broadly classified into 5 domains:
Studying psychology is particularly complicated since it requires you to define the level at which you're trying to analyse the behaviour. Hence, it's broadly classified into 5 domains:
1) Neuroscience: Brain and body dynamics
2) Developmental Psychology: Growth stages
3) Cognitive psychology: Thought, attention and the whole shebang
4) Social Psychology: "The Self" and the external world
5) Clinical Psychology: Diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses.
2) Developmental Psychology: Growth stages
3) Cognitive psychology: Thought, attention and the whole shebang
4) Social Psychology: "The Self" and the external world
5) Clinical Psychology: Diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses.
The initial dogma around "the mind" began with science explaining "the mind" as "what the brain does", sort of like the behavioural implications of the working of the brain. The brain is a computer, and the mind is the effects of its computations.
Then come the two god-fathers of modern psychology: Freud and BF Skinner.
Sigmund Freud's theories: Unconscious mind exists as the Id ("wants"), the SuperEgo ("shoulds") and the interplay between them, called the Ego.
Sigmund Freud's theories: Unconscious mind exists as the Id ("wants"), the SuperEgo ("shoulds") and the interplay between them, called the Ego.
BF Skinner's behaviourism:
a) Habituation => Repetition making tasks free from conscious control
b) Classical Conditioning => Conditioned stimulus to shape behaviour, like Pavlov's dogs
c) Operant conditioning => Using positive reinforcement for shaping desired actions.
a) Habituation => Repetition making tasks free from conscious control
b) Classical Conditioning => Conditioned stimulus to shape behaviour, like Pavlov's dogs
c) Operant conditioning => Using positive reinforcement for shaping desired actions.
Developmental psychology marks 4 stages of growth, each with its own goal, after which the child moves to the next stage:
Sensory stage -> Pre-operational Stage -> Concerte Operational stage -> Formal Operation.
Sensory stage -> Pre-operational Stage -> Concerte Operational stage -> Formal Operation.
One of the most interesting features of humans is their ability to learn the language, as a system of shared meaning and understanding, using it with phonology (sounds), morphology (meaning) and syntax (grammar).
According to Noam Chomsky, acquisition of language occurs due to the existence of a LAD(Language Acquisition Device) since birth, that can take in vocabulary from the external world, and assort them based on syntax, called Universal Basic Grammar.
Memory = Distorted versions of the past
3 kinds of memory
Sensory memory: Interface of a computer
Short term memory: RAM / working memory of a computer
Long term memory" Hard-drive of a computer
3 kinds of memory
Sensory memory: Interface of a computer
Short term memory: RAM / working memory of a computer
Long term memory" Hard-drive of a computer
Social Psychology defines love as a complex system of permutations and combinations of 3 factors:
Intimacy: Sharing personal secrets and details
Passion: Lust and attraction
Commitment: Conscious decision to invest time and attention.
When all 3 exist, it leads to COMPLETE LOVE.
Intimacy: Sharing personal secrets and details
Passion: Lust and attraction
Commitment: Conscious decision to invest time and attention.
When all 3 exist, it leads to COMPLETE LOVE.
The attraction between opposite sexes is always a fascinating topic to discuss.
"BIG 3" factors :
a) Proximity to one another
b) Similarities between each other
c) Familiarity between each other.
"BIG 3" factors :
a) Proximity to one another
b) Similarities between each other
c) Familiarity between each other.
Evolutionary psychology teaches us that the ultimate human motivation is: SEX, along with all its before (competition and status), during (attraction, lust and mating) and after (Bonding and infidelity) activities.
3 distinct elements of "The Self"
a) Spotlight effect => Overestimating how important we are in the lives of other people
b) "You're terrific" => Overestimating our capabilities compared to others
c) Cognitive dissonance => Inability to digest mental contradictions with ourselves
a) Spotlight effect => Overestimating how important we are in the lives of other people
b) "You're terrific" => Overestimating our capabilities compared to others
c) Cognitive dissonance => Inability to digest mental contradictions with ourselves
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