1/n
Did you know India was the source of all the world's known diamonds, until the discovery of diamonds in Brazil in 1726. India was the only place where diamonds were mined till 18967. Hindus have known about diamonds for more than 7000 years.
2/n
They were called “Vajra” as Indra’s weapon of choice because lightning strikes & thunderstorms on colluvial deposits of diamonds would reveal diamonds in the earth. In 600 BCE, the Mahajanapada empire used units of measurements for diamonds.
3/n
In Chanakya’s Arthashastra the Superintendent of treasury was an expert of “Ratna Pariksha” to test the quality of gems like diamonds. The fame of India’s invaluable diamonds lured greedy invaders from Central Asia, Arabia & Europe.
4/n
Hindu science of Tantra considers diamond as a perfect octohedral crystal with sacred significance. It protects & purifies seekers by resonating with the Manipur Chakra in the solar plexus. A polished diamond reflects light as the enlightened soul reflects Self- realization
5/n
Ancient Indian knowledge of diamonds was so advanced that there was a separate class of professionals called “Mandalins”, or diamond experts. These artisans were the first to use diamond tipped tools to cut & polish diamonds as there is no other material as hard as diamond.
6/n
The medicinal properties of diamond dust were used by Hindus in Ayurvedic medicines for the mind. Amazingly diamond nanoparticles are being used by researchers for neural prostheses today because of their ability to serve as electrochemical barriers.
7/n
Introduced to Europe by Alexander after he came to India, diamonds were in huge demand. By 13th c. CE Indians were trading diamonds to Venice by two routes: the southern route through Aden, Ethiopia, and Egypt, & the northern route through Arabia, Persia, Armenia, and Turkey
8/n
A direct sea route to India was established by the greedy Portuguese. After the Mughals, British invaders looted Indian temples & palaces, stealing vast hoards of diamonds. They sold the diamonds to France, Spain, Italy and other European countries for huge profits
9/n
The most famous diamond of India is the Kohinoor. Andhra Kakatiya king Prataparudra and queen Rudramadevi owned this massive diamond which was 793 carats when it was uncut . It adorned the Gyan Chakshu (Third eye) of their Kul Devi Goddess Bhadrakali in her temple.
10/n
Ghaysuddin Tughlaq (1320 AD) invaded the Kakatiya Kingdom and plundered the temple gold & snatched the Kohinoor.
Later, the diamond came into the possession of Babur who renamed Kohinoor as ‘Babur diamond’. The Mughals owned it till Aurangzeb came to power
11/n
Aurangzeb was not happy with its shine & got a lapidary to shape it. But in the process the weight was reduced to 186 carats from 793 carats. Aurangzeb, who had heard of the misery of his predecessors possessing it, cleverly gave it to the Badshahi Mosque.
12/n
Persian emperor Nadir Shah (1688-1747 AD) of Iran invaded Delhi Sultanate and plundered the Kohinoor & Peacock Throne to Iran. He was assassinated in 1747 AD by his army chief Ahmad Shah Durrani of Afghanistan who stole it . Durrani was defeated by Ranjit Singh in Lahore.
13/n
Ranjit Singh kept it with him but donated it at his death to the temple of Lord Jagannath of Puri. But the British occupied Lahore in 1849 AD. & lied that he had given it to the queen of England. Ranjit Singh’s son Dulip Singh, only 13, was forced to go to London
14/n
He had to give the Kohinoor to queen Victoria on bent knee. A few years after that the British Empire started to decline and India won independence. It is said the Kohinoor is a pure stone meant only to adorn Bhadrakali & brings misfortune to humans who try to possess it.
15/n
Legend says Kohinoor is the original Syamantaka gem that Krishna acquired from Jambavana. Britain still refuses to return it to India & counts it as Royal property. It is said that Britain is cursed to be destroyed just like any previous unrightful owners of the Syamantaka.
16/n
Diamonds today are enabling unheard of technology in industries as varied as semiconductors, quantum computing, radiation detection, solid state lasers, optics, drug delivery, etc. It is India which discovered, manufactured & educated the world about this invaluable gem.

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More from @MumukshuSavitri

10 Jun
1/n
Takshashila - Part 1
The Ramayana narrates how Bharata, founded two famous cities—Takshashila for son Taksha & Pushkalavati (Peshawar) for son Pushkala after conquering Gandharva Desa. It was at Takshashila, that Vaisampayana first narrated the Mahabharata to Janmajeya.
2/n
Mujma-t-Tawarikh a 12th c. Persian translation of a lost Sanskrit work says: "30,000 Brahmans & families were settled near Sindh by Duryodhana, of Hastinapur” ( Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World By André Wink) This was to create a center of academic excellence.
3/n
Acharya Dhaumya at Takshashila is mentioned in Mahabharata, which was 23 generations before Buddha. If we take 60Y /generation, we get 23 * 60 = 1380 years. From Buddha’s accepted date of 500 BC, we add 1380 years to get 1880 BCE as the latest limit for Vedic Takshashila.
Read 32 tweets
5 Jun
1/n
In “Hindu Temples - What happened to them - Vol 1” Shree Sitaram Goel provides a revealing insight breaking the myth of the true “liberalism” of the Sufi sect of Islam which is regarded by many Leftist historians & apologists as secular & peace-loving towards Hindus
2/n
He provides citations from the books Miftah-ul-Futuh, Tarikh-i-Alai & Ashiqa
by Amir Khusru (1325 CE) the “saintly & spiritual” disciple of Shaikh Nizamuddin Awliya, who is celebrated as a Sufi singer, musician, poet and scholar.
3/n
Khusru is hailed as the father of a composite Hindu- Muslim culture & the pioneer of secularism. These “peaceful” excerpts show how happy Khusru was to praise Jalaluddin Khalji, Alauddin Khalji & their military, as he describes their terrible destruction of Hindu temples.
Read 21 tweets
3 Jun
1/n
The kingdom of Sindh was ruled by its last Hindu king Raja Dahir during the 8th century. When Muhammad-bin-Qasim invaded Sindh, he decimated Sindh in his savage bloodlust. The chronicles of his advent are described in the Chachnama.
2/n
The Chachnama describes in detail how the Arabs led by butcher Qasim conquered Sindh. It tells the terrible tale of bravery, treachery, & carnage marking the entry of Islamic conquest of India’s Hindus.
3/n
When Muhammad-bin-Qasim attacked Sindh, Dahir had collected an army of 50,000 horses and marched from Brahamanabad to Rawar to face the invader. Qasim had an army that numbered in the tens of thousands with camels & horses.
Read 25 tweets
2 Jun
1/n
A bronze statue of an Indian dancer in a spiritual trance datied to 100 BCE has been discovered in the Ob River in SW Siberia. The man wears a dhoti, kurta & angavastram. Both arms of the statue have been broken off not far from the shoulder.
2/n
His arms are outstretched and reaching skyward. He is leaning right but the head is tilted down and to the left, consistent with the dancer making a counter-clockwise twirling movement of the type associated with certain ecstatic dances.
3/n
The figurine may be depicting an ancient priest, seeking to experience an altered state of consciousness. It was possibly constructed as an attachment to a larger and more elaborate object, like a circular ritual table with multiple dancers spinning and whirling around.
Read 4 tweets
30 May
1/n
It’s very compassionate of PETA India to care so much about the milk of animals, especially dogs considering they are called a human’s best friend. But one wonders why is PETA India so silent about what happens to dogs during Islamic festivals.
2/n
The folks at @PetaIndia want to force Amul to become vegan and give up dairy in the name of animal cruelty. Since they are self-appointed saviors of animals, could they also campaign to stop indiscriminate slaughter of dogs by lethal injection by Muslims during Ramadan?
3/n
Traditionally, dogs have been seen as impure, & the Islamic legal tradition has developed several injunctions that warn Muslims against contact with dogs. Many have used this view to justify the abuse and neglect of dogs
Read 11 tweets
30 May
1/n
Did you know Bharatiyas of the Sarasvati-Sindhu wore Sindoor? Multiple sculptures like this one (Mehrgarh, 2800 BCE) were found with traces of Sindoor on the part of their hair. In Hinduism, Sindoor signifies the power of a married woman to protect her family.
2/n
Sacred worship vessels like these (Mohenjodaro, 2700 BCE) made of conch shell were also discovered. Some were decorated with Sindoor filled incised lines.The presence of Sindoor at SSC sites clearly indicates that they practiced an ancient form of Hinduism.
3/n
Conch bracelets like this one (Susa, Mesopotamia, 2600 BCE) were also discovered at SSC sites. Conch bangles called "Shakha" signify the power of a married woman to control the moon's effect & are still used in traditional Bengali Hindu marriages.
Read 5 tweets

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