Anne Neville was born in 1456 to Richard Neville and Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick. Richard Neville's aunt, Cecily Neville, was married to Richard of York, who was earlier the Lord Protector of England. 1/10
England was edging towards a civil war when Anne was born. King Henry VI was not seen fit for rule and his opponents rallied around the King's nearest adult male relative, Richard of York, dividing England into Lancastrian (Ruling) and Yorkist camps. 2/10
Richard Neville, who was also King Henry's second cousin, sided with York. He was also one of the wealthiest nobles in the Kingdom. In addition to Warwick which he ruled jure uxoris, he inherited Salisbury from his mother in 1462. 3/10
In 1459, the senior Richard Neville led the Yorkists to victory at Blore Heath. As the battles grew in numbers, the Lancastrians dealt a terrible blow at Wakefield. Richard of York was killed and the senior Neville was executed. York also lost a son and Warwick a brother. 4/10
But Richard's son, Edward, won at Towton forcing King Henry and his family to flee. Edward became King and his elder cousin, Warwick, his chief advisor. But by 1469, the relations between King Edward and Earl Warwick had broken down. 5/10
Edward had married Elizabeth Wydeville, a widow in 1464. A non political alliance, unorthodox for a King. Warwick, feeling sidelined in the rule, opened negotiations with ex Queen Marguerite. An alliance was formed and Anne Neville married Edward, the former Prince of Wales. 6/10
Warwick brought his daughter's father-in-law back to power in 1470. Edward fled for France, but returned in 1471. Warwick was killed at Barnet and Edward, Prince of Wales, at Tewksebury. King Edward was back on the throne. 7/10
Anne's elder sister, Isabel, was married to Edward's younger brother, George. Newly widowed, Anne married Richard, youngest son of Richard of York, in 1472. George died in 1478 and Isabel in 1476. King Edward died in 1483 and was succeeded by his son, Edward. 8/10
Richard had led the English force against Scotland and gained Berwick in 1483. As Edward was still young, Richard was designated as Lord Protector. But a power play by the Wydevilles fell flat and Richard usurped his nephew and seized the throne. 9/10
Queen Anne died in 1485. Her only child had predeceased her. The marriage of King Edward IV and Elizabeth Wydeville was declared invalid, because of a prior betrothal. King Edward V and his brother were imprisoned and went missing. 10/10
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Petr Alekseivich was born in 1672 to Aleksei Mikhailovich, Tsar of Russia, and Natalia Narishkina. Aleksei died in 1676 and Petr's elder half brother, Feodor, became the Tsar. But Feodor was physically weak and was dominated by the Miloslaskys, his maternal family. 1/10
Feodor's death in 1682 brought Petr and his other elder half brother, Ivan, as joint Tsars. Since Ivan was also weak, their elder sister, Sofia became Regent. But by 1689, Petr had dismissed Sofia and taken over the rule. Ivan's death in 1696 gave Petr solo rule. 2/10
Ivan Vasilievich was born in 1530 to Vasily Ivanovich, Grand Prince of Moscow and Ielena Glinskaia. Vasily's death in 1533, followed by Ielena's in 1538, put Ivan and his younger brother, Iurii, in a precarious position dominated by the nobility. 1/10
Moscow had grown in power since 1263, dominating other Rus' principalities. But inter generational strife was very much present. Vasily had effectively usurped his nephew Dmitry, while Vasily's younger brothers, Iurii and Andrei, had been imprisoned in 1533 to avoid war. 2/10
Hugh Ó Néill was born around 1550 to Feardorcha Ó Néill, Baron Dungannon, and Joan Macguire. Feardorcha Ó Néill was an illegitimate son of Conn Ó Néill, the first Earl of Tyrone and the last King of Tír Eoghain. The Earldom was received when Ireland became a Kingdom in 1542. 1/10
Ó Néills hailed from the ancient Kingdom of Uí Néill in Ireland. Hugh Ó Néill's family had their base in Cenél nEógain, centred around Tír Eoghain from late 1100s. In 1542, King Henry VIII of England was declared King of Ireland and Conn Ó Néill submitted to the new King. 2/10
Encomium Emmae reginae, written in the 11th century, perhaps at the request of Emma of Normandy, Queen of England, who sons ruled England from 1040 to 1066. 1/5
Richard de Clare was born around 1130 to Gilbert de Clare and Isabel de Beaumont. The de Clares were an influential family in Norman England, descended from Geoffroy de Brionne, an illegitimate son of Duke Richard of Normandy. 1/10
Gilbert's grandfather, Richard de Brionne, had come with Guillaume of Normandy in 1066 and was rewarded with the Lordship of Clare and Tonbridge. Gilbert was made Earl of Pembroke in 1138 by King Etienne de Blois, though he changed sides on and off during Anarchy. 2/10
Very Jenneric (Is that a word ?) leap of thought from a veterinarian relative, based on anecdotal data of low infection of Covid among vets. (Cannot verify if that is a real thing) connecting immunity to bovine coronavirus. Google popped up this. 1/3