A lesson of COVID is that a real danger to humanity comes from "boring apocalypses," where the decay of governmental capability & general dynamism result in a lower ability to adapt. This increases the chance that the next near-miss existential threat may lead to catastrophe. 1/2
This time, fast adaption saved us (Car companies retooled their assembly lines & made 80,000 ventilators! Vaccines developed in record times! Quick moves to remote work!) but also failed by many institutions. Continued decay of those poses a real threat. 2 researchgate.net/publication/32…
Near Non-Boring Apocalypses prompt action. After 9/11, it took two months to create the TSA & less for the Patriot Act, which were (at the time) responses to a potential Non-Boring Apocalypse (chemical, nuclear, bio terrorism). Similar stuff happens after nuclear accidents. 3/
Near Boring Apocalypses may have the opposite effect. Some of the dynamism that allowed us to adapt (like unrestricted work-from-home) are now being viewed as problems by HR departments. Responses to failure at places like the CDC may make them MORE risk averse to avoid errors. 4
We have developed successful hardened systems to lower the risk of apocalypses based on catastrophic failures like nuclear weapon or plant accidents (though those fail, too!), but only dynamic and flexible private & public systems in tandem can protect against Boring Apocalypses.
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Noise is a remarkably insidious form of pollution: a 10db noise increase (from dishwasher to vacuum) drops productivity by 5%. But the kicker is you don't notice: noise hurts your ability to think, not your effort. You work as hard but do worse! And poorer areas have more noise.
Here's a link to the paper, which makes the point that policy is really needed to regulate noise, since people don't realize how much they are impacted by it, and so don't value quiet as much as they should: joshuatdean.com/wp-content/upl…
Also other forms of pollution also impact cognition in subtle ways. More 👇
A profound understanding of technology is found in Historian Melvin Kranzberg's 6 Laws of Technology. Here they are in a 🧵
1st Law: “Technology is neither good nor bad; nor is it neutral,” many problems occur when benign technologies are used at scale. Think DDT (or Facebook)
2nd law: “Invention is the mother of necessity” - new technologies, as they scale, require their own suites of innovations. Self driving cars have pushed development of new sensors, phones ever better cameras, etc. This is a good rule for entrepreneurs looking for new markets.
3rd law - “Technology comes in packages, big and small” Technology is all about systems, you can’t study individual things in isolation. One issue with blockchain is that it doesn’t fit well into the social, organizational, and technical systems that it is supposed to replace.
Stories are persistent: this paper traces back fairy tales across languages & cultures to common ancestors, arguing that the oldest go back at least 6,000 years. One of the oldest became the myth of Sisyphus & Thanatos in ancient Greece. 1/
That may be the start: this paper argues some stories may go back 100,000 years. Many cultures, including Aboriginal Australian & Ancient Greek, tell stories of the Plaeades, the 7 sisters star cluster, having a lost star- this was true 100k years ago! 2/ dropbox.com/s/np0n4v72bdl3…
Stories share similar arcs: Analyzing 1.6k novels, this paper argues there are only 6 basic ones:
1 Rags to Riches (rise)
2 Riches to Rags (fall)
3 Man in a Hole (fall rise)
4 Icarus (rise fall)
5 Cinderella (rise fall rise)
6 Oedipus (fall rise fall) 3/ epjdatascience.springeropen.com/articles/10.11…
One of my favorite scientific figures is this one of the entropy levels of 100 world cities by the orientation of streets. The cities with most ordered streets: Chicago, Miami, & Minneapolis. Most disordered: Charlotte, Sao Paulo, Rome & Singapore. Paper: appliednetsci.springeropen.com/articles/10.10…
To illustrate, here is how the maps look for Minneapolis (most ordered) & Charlotte (most disordered), rendered with this amazing tool for showing maps of roads by @anvaka: anvaka.github.io/city-roads/?q=…
Here's the cities organized by alphabetical order from the paper (by @gboeing )
Challenge in social science posts: indicating when claims are causal in papers. Many papers find relationships without trying to show causality- a useful start for more research! But readers may think a causal argument is being made & complain. Good intro: alexedmans.com/blog/corporate…
Academics tend to be very careful about this language. If something is “linked” or “associated” with something else, that is not making a claim that one causes another. Neither is “predicted by” in many cases. This thread 👇 on Hill’s Criteria can help you think through claims.
And don’t get me started on “correlation isn’t causation.” Correlation could be:
✅Nothing
✅Causation or reverse causation
✅Confounding factors or omitted variables
✅Both factors lead to group selection (more men are 👩🚒, more 👩🚒 get hurt in 🔥, but 🔥doesn’t burn men more)
For May 4th, a lesson on how to sell new technology from Star Wars (& Edison). The key to the look of Star Wars ships are greebles: glued-on bits from off-the-shelf model kits of WWII tanks, planes etc. They make a connection with current tech, making Star Wars feel familiar. 1/
To sell electricity, Edison used the same technique as the Star War's greebles by using skeumorphs (a design throwback to an earlier use) connecting his new scary tech to a familiar one: gas. Gas lights gave off light equal to a 12 watt 💡so Edison limited his 💡 to 13 watts. 2/
As another example, lampshades weren't needed for an electric light, since they were originally used to keep gas lamps from sputtering. But Edison added them anyhow. While not required, they are comforting and, again, made a greeble-like connection to the older technology. 3/