Woman lifting weights Male levels of testosterone during puberty, which are around 20-30 times that of female levels, help increase muscle mass, decrease fat mass, increase bone strength and height, and improve haemoglobin concentration

Read more: telegraph.co.uk/health-fitness…
🏋️‍♀️ Last week it was announced New Zealand’s Laurel Hubbard will become the first transgender athlete to compete at an Olympic Games.

@hoovlet, who earned her PhD at Harvard studying sex differences and testosterone, explains the facts

🧵👇 Image
⚖️ Is it fair?

“I won’t comment on whether it’s fair, but I can comment on whether trans women, who have experienced male puberty, would have an advantage, on average, in most sports over natal females: yes they do”
📉 Are there biological advantages?

"Reducing testosterone levels after puberty, as is the case in male-to-female transgender people who suppress their testosterone levels as part of hormone therapy [as Hubbard has], does not eliminate these advantages" Image
Athletes transitioning from male to female must:

📌 Declare their gender as female for at least four years
📌 Demonstrate their testosterone levels are below 10 nanomoles for a minimum of 12 months
📌 Maintain those levels throughout the duration of their eligibility to compete Image
💪Power of puberty

Hooven says the advantage has already been gained.

Male levels of testosterone during puberty, which are 20-30 times that of female levels, help increase muscle mass, decrease fat mass, increase bone strength and height, and improve haemoglobin concentration Image
“Depending on the sport men outperform women by 10 to 50%. For weightlifting in particular, the male advantage is about 30% – not surprising, since males have, on average, about 30 to 40% more muscle mass than females”
🤝 Ethics and the law

“A fair solution to this complex scientific and ethical issue should be decided through open discussion and debate, in light of facts, and with sensitivity for the concerns of all parties, and without shaming those who hold views different from one’s own"
🏳️‍🌈 Gender wars

“I felt a lot of anxiety [in writing her book on testosterone] because it’s obviously controversial, but I’m somebody who doesn’t like a bully, and I like science, so I felt emboldened to stand up for what I believe in" Image
🧪 Social justice v science

"Social justice issues are getting twisted into the science, and it’s driven by fundamental misunderstandings...If you hang your agendas on certain scientific facts, you’re going to be in trouble if those facts turn out not to support your agenda"
📚 Risk of backlash

“I don’t use the ‘accepted’ language. I refuse to say ‘sex assigned at birth’, ‘cisgender’, not even ‘gender identity.' So for those reasons I do expect backlash. But I hope it’s a resource, for trans people, gay people, everybody. To learn about themselves" Image
Read the full article here 👇

telegraph.co.uk/health-fitness… Image

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More from @Telegraph

28 Jun
@Telegraph has launched a campaign calling on ministers to put children first as the country recovers from repeated lockdowns.

With action to bring an end to the disruption of schools, and address the harm caused.

Thread ~👇

Read more: telegraph.co.uk/campaign-for-c…
🔴Children's Commissioner: “All these children going in and out of self-isolation; that is a really big issue, and it’s incredibly frustrating for children and teachers”

telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/06/2…
🔴The harsh reality of schools during Covid.

@Telegraph lays bare the devastation caused by the pandemic to school children.

❌Closures and isolation
🧠Mental health deterioration
📚Days of education lost
telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/06/2…
Read 13 tweets
28 Jun
🔥Hotter than the human body can handle

🇵🇰@benfarmerDT visited Jacobabad - a city in Pakistan that was one of the hottest places on the planet.

This is what he found ~ 🧵👇
telegraph.co.uk/global-health/…
When the full midsummer heat hits Jacobabad the streets are deserted and residents hunker down as best they can.

🌡️Temperatures that can top 52C (126F)

📸Photos by @saiyna

telegraph.co.uk/global-health/…
☀️The city in Pakistan's Sindh province has long been renowned for its fierce heat, but recent research has conferred an unwelcome scientific distinction.

“When it gets that hot, you can't even stay on your feet,” explains one resident, Zamir Alam
Read 8 tweets
27 Jun
A new documentary by @barbara_shearer will shed light on the Manhattan socialite whose association with Jeffrey Epstein turned her into a pariah.

@Josiensor meets the filmmaker to find out more

🧵👇

telegraph.co.uk/women/life/ghi…
👑 Maxwell introduced the Duke of York to Epstein.

Contributors claim Ghislaine “will not take the fall alone,” so the question remains how she might yet extricate herself from the murky web of her own creation?

Will she serve Prince Andrew up as collateral damage? Image
The documentary will cover:

📌 Her dysfunctional childhood (Ghislaine's mother says she was anorexic at the age of three)

📌 Her halcyon days at Oxford

📌 Her life as Epstein’s accomplice, his arrest and suicide and the FBI raid of her house in New Hampshire Image
Read 11 tweets
27 Jun
✨ The experts who helped Diana on her path are in strong agreement about where her style evolution might have brought her today

telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2…
📌Jasper Conrad

"Diana went to the gym every day and didn’t drink so she would have aged very gracefully. She’d have taken a good look at those plumped up society faces and probably thought ‘best not’...Think Barbara Walters - turbo charged" Image
📌Sam McKnight

"I’m sure she would have kept fit, so some of those fabulous pastel Versace suits or Catherine Walker dresses might have made a reappearance for sustainability’s sake! By the mid-Nineties she was no slave to fashion. Her sleek, chic, sharp new look meant business" Image
Read 5 tweets
27 Jun
'Dear Prime Minister, sorry I got caught'

telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/06/2…
Image
Image
Read 6 tweets
26 Jun
In 2017 Oxford graduate and part-time consultant physician David Staples was appointed as the organisation’s first ever chief executive officer.

In the years since, he has set about bringing Freemasonry into the modern era

🧵👇

telegraph.co.uk/news/0/millenn…
Most people’s idea of the Freemasons is that it is a closely guarded old boys’ network of:

📌 Secret handshakes
📌 Long robes
📌 Chanting
📌 Antiquated ceremonies
Staples is appealing to the young by:

📌 Inviting transgender members to join
📌 Opening up the organisation to scrutiny
📌 Advertising in newspapers
📌 Writing to the Equality and Human Rights Commission to say Masons are stigmatised and face discrimination
Read 20 tweets

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