@DmitriTrenin has on op-ed on Russia's new national security strategy in Kommersant: kommersant.ru/doc/4888683?fb…. Argues that historically Russia collapsed not because it was externally threatened but because the political elites lost the people's trust.
In other words, the key threat to Russia's national security is actually its own (low quality) political elite. Hard to disagree!
Trenin calls for a "meritocratic rotation" of the ruling elites to avoid this scenario. The problem is that it is difficult to have a meritocratic rotation in the absence of a democratic rotation. And you can't have a democratic rotation in the absence of democratic institutions.
And I guess it would take a reasonable (high quality) elite to build up democratic institutions. Catch 22.
How about an alternative developmental path: slow rot, followed by collapse, followed by chaos, followed by tyranny, followed by slow rot, followed by collapse, followed by chaos, followed by tyranny. At least, very predictable!

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More from @DrRadchenko

8 Jul
Archie Brown here discussing the reasons for the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in his new book. As my comments here indicate, I don't agree with this take. Image
First of all, the Soviets realised almost as soon as they invaded that it was a huge mistake. It was not like they thought it was going great and then suddenly discovered in 1985 that it was a blunder.
In fact, as Brezhnev's conversations with Karmal make clear, he hoped (much as Gorby would with Karmal and then Najibullah) that the Afghans would fight the war on their own, and not rely on Soviet support.
Read 6 tweets
30 Jun
A thread about "Soviet democracy." Many people do not realise that the Soviet Union had "elections." Why, Stalin himself was "elected" to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. I was just reading today his "campaign speech," dated February 9, 1946 - it's a well-known speech. Image
It's well-known because it is seen as marking a turning point towards Cold War confrontation. In the speech Stalin rehabilitated the idea that capitalism inevitably leads to war, and advertised the might of the Red Army. It's a must-mention of any serious history of the Cold War.
But this thread is about something else. I learned while looking at the documents that Stalin personally wrote every word of this speech. The archives contain his hand-written original. What's funny is that at one point Stalin praises the Red Army for defeating Germany.
Read 6 tweets
28 Jun
One benefit of reading archival documents non-stop is you find stuff in places you did not expect. Consider the following document about Gao Gang (1905-1954), one of the most interesting characters in the CCP leadership in the late 1940s - early 1950s. 👇🏿
Here, Gao Gang recounts how he tried to deliver a special present "from the people of Manchuria" for Stalin's 70th birthday - a large cloth with Stalin's image - but how he was thwarted in his effort by the central Chinese government.
In the document, Gao Gang trashes other Communist Party leaders incl. Li Fuchun & Liu Shaoqi. But he asks the Soviet diplomat (who reported his words to Moscow) to smuggle the present to the Soviet Union anyway - only without letting Beijing know or "his head would be cut off". Image
Read 4 tweets
28 Jun
Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov publishes an extended article, which contains passages bordering on moronic: kommersant.ru/doc/4877702?fb….
For example, in one place he claims that Russia has greater regard for law because the Russian word for law (pravo) has the same root as the Russian word for rules (pravila), whereas in "Western" languages, rule and law have different roots. I kid you not.
The gist of the article, though, is that the West is trying to impose its own rules on Russia, whereas there exist these "instruments of international law, which everyone has signed". At one point, he complains about the UN Charter and the OSCE not being mentioned often enough. Image
Read 6 tweets
23 Jun
I am generally in favour of engagement with Russia. Always have been. But there are important issues to consider:

1) Terms
2) Timing
Terms. Engagement that appears to reward aggressive behaviour, legitimises authoritarian practices and leaves some EU member states in the lurch is a wrong kind of engagement. It should be said that no one ever engaged successfully by appearing weak, helpless, and divided.
Timing is key. There should be engagement with Russia when Moscow for its part seeks engagement and integration with Europe. There were plenty of missed opportunities in this respect in the last 30 years or so. Missed by Europe and the US - as well as Russia.
Read 5 tweets
10 Jun
People are surprised as to why I seem to be advocating against the Biden-Putin summit despite the importance of having open channels of communication for strategic stability. Let me explain: 👇🏿
Summits are not an end in themselves. They are a means to an end. You don't just meet to talk for talk's sake. You meet to solve problems. Sometimes you also meet to get a sense of your partner: what sort of person are they?
Both sides agree that there are no problems this summit can resolve. No new treaties to be signed. Neither side has shown willingness to compromise. The players are well known to one another. It's not like Biden will learn something about Putin by looking at him at close range.
Read 10 tweets

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