Hannah Davis Profile picture
Jul 30, 2021 11 tweets 4 min read Read on X
This seems to be the leaked data the CDC used to change the mask mandate this week:

context-cdn.washingtonpost.com/notes/prod/def…

There's a lot to dig in here but a few things that jump out about Delta particularly:

1/
Delta objectively spreads faster than the original COVID strain. The original strain was less transmissible than polio & smallpox; Delta is more transmissible than those as well as Ebola, MERS, SARS, & the Spanish Flu.

Delta is *as* transmissible as chicken pox.

2/
Delta is associated with a higher viral load and longer duration of shedding.

3/
A big one: breakthrough cases from Delta may be as transmissible as unvaccinated cases.

4/
Data suggesting that Delta may cause more severe disease.

5/
Some preliminary data show that the vaccines may be less protective against non-hospitalized symptomatic infections of Delta. (This is bad news & will likely mean more #LongCOVID cases.)

6/
From the CDC's model, Delta cannot be controlled without universal masking!

This seems to be where their change in policy is coming from.

7/
Finally, a list of much needed changes to public communication from the CDC, including to "acknowledge the war has changed". Delta is different & concerning, and vaccinated individuals still are at risk.

8/
In short: we are not through the woods, and the CDC's de-masking recommendations came too early.

Everyone should return to masking & should be aware that being vaccinated can't be the sole means of protection on its own, but instead used alongside other precautions.

9/
Vaccinated individuals are less likely to be hospitalized & die, but with Delta they risk transmitting COVID to others, including unvaccinated kids (who seem to be at greater risk from Delta).

They also remain at risk of contracting #LongCOVID from breakthrough infections.

10/
A very relevant thread to end on:



11/

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More from @ahandvanish

Nov 27
Excellent new paper by Tim Henrich et al on the bacterial, fungal, and viral infections & reactivations associated with #LongCovid.

"Various viral, bacterial, and fungal co-infections may induce or facilitate the development of PASC."



1/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12…
44 countries have experienced a 10-fold increase in at least 13 infectious diseases compared to pre-pandemic rates, including RSV, cholera, measles, influenza, chickenpox, tuberculosis (TB), and others. 2/ map of the world centered on Africa and Europe, showing spikes in multiple different diseases
While some (like TB) may be related to declining vaccination rates, COVID impacts the others.

"Immune mechanisms [like] a period of increased vulnerability to other infections following acute COVID infection" is a major contributor, esp irt respiratory infections in children 3/
Read 11 tweets
Nov 14
Going to try to tweet the next sessions as I can until I get crashy! #LongCovid
Michael Peluso (@MichaelPelusoMD) introduces CHIIME, which adds an arm of ME/CFS patients to the LIINC study - will include PET imaging and tissue biopsy analysis, gut biopsies: Image
Phenotyping with patient-reported and objective clinical measures: Image
Read 48 tweets
Oct 12, 2024
Incredible visit Thursday to the opening of Mount Sinai’s Cohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic Illness, led by the renowned @PutrinoLab! #LongCovid 1/ Sign that says Cohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic illness
David Putrino in the center, masked, showing off tools used for metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction
The Center is incredible and truly blew me away - designed on so many levels with patients in mind, with top notch care, using many of the most advanced tools available 2/
Some of the many tools patients are assessed with include:

-EndoPat (endothelial dysfunction)
-tilt table (dysautonomia)
-transcranial Doppler (cerebral blood flow)
-machine that identifies metabolic & mitochondrial dysfunction
-eeg & cognitive battery

3/
Read 8 tweets
Aug 28, 2024
Major paper! The team found that fibrinogen (which converts to fibrin):

-binds to spike
-forms clots + neuro issues
-acute stage fibrinogen = predictive biomarker of #LongCovid cog dysfunction!
-suppresses natural killer (NK) cells (which clear virus!)
1/nature.com/articles/s4158…
The fibrin also:
-promotes neuroinflammation & neuronal loss post infection
-promotes innate immune activation in the brain & lungs independent of active infection
-downregulated JAK-STAT pathway & targets of p38 MAP kinase, pathways that regulate NK cell activation #LongCovid 2/
They used a monoclonal antibody targeting the fibrin domain, and found it protected against microglial activation & neuronal injury, as well as from thromboinflammation in the lung after infection! #LongCovid 3/
Read 5 tweets
Jul 11, 2024
I've been doing #TheNicotineTest (via 7mg patches) for a month now & it has greatly improved my quality of life.

Major caveat: I'm on ivabradine. The nicotine increases heart rate, & I wouldn't recommend to anyone w POTS who isn't on beta-blockers or ivabradine. #LongCovid 1/
The biggest change is feeling like I have more *oxygen* circulating in my body - the weird altitude-sickness feeling is lessened.

Major improvements to cognition/awareness (esp executive functioning & processing), and improved physical capacity and overall baseline. 2/
The first tolerance break I felt more air hunger and worse baseline than pre-nicotine, but every other tolerance break has been equal or better than pre-nicotine.

It feels like an excellent symptom management tool, but *not* a cure. 3/
Read 7 tweets
May 1, 2024
From the Conference of Retroviruses & Opportunistic Infections: persistence of Covid in megakaryocytes in #LongCovid.

Over my head, but my understanding: megakaryocytes (type of bone marrow cell) being infected = continuous infection, very serious!

1/ croiconference.org/wp-content/upl…
graph showing levels of circulating Megakaryocytes; very low for healthy controls, high for severe Covid and Long Covid
This could cause additional impacts like deficits in platelet energy metabolism, or hormonal dysregulation (because platelets carry serotonin) #LongCovid

More about this here from the amazing @polybioRF!

2/polybio.org/projects/sars-…
The study found:

-circulating megakaryocytes harbored Spike, SARS-CoV-2 ssRNA, & dsRNA in #LongCovid patients

-these produced platelets containing Spike & SARS-CoV-2 ssRNA 3/
Read 5 tweets

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