Zach Rynes | CLG Profile picture
Aug 7, 2021 14 tweets 8 min read Read on X
Wrapping up at #SmartCon is a keynote presentation is @bencxr of #Chainlink Labs on Cross-Chain Interoperability
Cross-chain is not just token bridges, but cross-chain communication and programmable bridges with instructions

Bottom layer is transport layer powered by OCR 2.0

Next layer is CCIP to send messages to contracts on other chains

Third layer is the application layer
Transport layer of messages

In the naïve approach, each oracle creates their own transactions
Chainlink Labs developed Off-Chain Reporting (OCR)

Off-chain consensus

$30B+ TVL secured

OCR 2.0 generalizes this capability

100s of high quality nodes coming to feeds
Leader is selected at random

Nodes make observations and send back to leader

Leader receives and broadcasts signed observations

nodes decide if report is sent on-chain

Leader received the signed reports
One node is selected to submit on-chain

If they fail, another node is selected

If that node fails, another node is selected and so on
CCIP is an open-standard that any one can build upon to build cross-chain applications

sendToRemoteChain() takes in input

Then DON calls receiveFromRemoteChain() on other chain
Messaging router contract is deployed on each supported chain

Router will choose the best bridge lane

OCR 2.0 protocol reads the events, check conditions, and then transmit to the other chain

Take turns to transmit report to the other chain
With CCIP, smart contracts can communicate with contracts on other chains without dealing with the underlying complexity

Many use cases

Cross-chain collateral (collateral on chain, borrow on another)
NFT bridges (NFT on one chain, play game on another)
Cross-chain yield
Programmable token bridge is a reference developer focused implementation on top of CCIP

Anyone can build their own bridge on CCIP

destination smart contract can receive both tokens and instructions on what to do with those tokens

bridge can move multiple tokens at a time
Move $USDC from Ethereum to Polygon, trade to $MATIC, deposit it into Aave, all in the same transaction

Only possible on CCIP
Security is key

Want to go not just fast, but go far

High quality nodes
Build the largest quorums of oracle nodes

Anti-Fraud Network
Anti Fraud Network is nodes independent of nodes in the CCIP

Sends heartbeat safety messages

Can trigger an immediate pause of bad behavior of any kind

Also pause when there's a long chain fork, or L2 sequencer problems, external to CCIP
If your protocol handle large amounts, you can join the Anti-Fraud Network

Developers will build things at various levels of the stack

Network efforts of multiple blockchains and increased capacity

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More from @ChainLinkGod

Jun 7
The reason why @Coinbase Commerce doesn’t support self-custody $BTC baselayer payments is simple

UXTO chains like Bitcoin lack the programmability necessary to meet the requirements of most merchants

1) Merchants don’t want to be exposed to crypto price volatility risk

Ethereum and EVM chains solve this by being able to programmatically covert whatever crypto token is used as payment into a stablecoin like $USDC, when can then be optionally redeemed for $USD and sent to the merchant’s bank account

UXTO-based chains like $BTC lack the native programmability to convert their native asset into stablecoins onchain, so a custodial solution is required

2) Merchants don’t want to deal with manual burden of resolving incorrect payments (eg: underpayment)

Ethereum and EVM chains solve this by being to programmatically reject payment with incorrect payment amounts

This is literally a single line of code in a smart contract (require payment amount == invoice amount, otherwise revert)

UXTO-based chains like $BTC lack the native programmability to revert payments based on amount, so a custodial solution is required



Net result is that Coinbase made a calculated decision that the overhead/friction/cost of supporting baselayer $BTC payments was simply not worth it

Payment processing for self-custodial wallets is challenging, it’s not nearly as a simple as just giving a customer an address to pay into, they will fuck it up, it needs to be idiot-proofed

Can lightning fix this for $BTC? Possibility, but there’s a great deal of friction today in terms of managing inbound/outbound liquidity and channel rebalancing

Lightning also means you can support one additional asset, $BTC, while integrating with EVM chains means you can accept hundreds to thousands of crypto-assets (including stablecoins and $WBTC) and get paid directly into your bank account programmatically if you desire

That said, I hope Lightning improves enough to make it a realistic option for merchants to leverage
Additional context/commentary from the Coinbase Commerce team themselves about UXTO payment support:
@udiWertheimer had a great thread documenting the pain that @TaprootWizards went through with accepting $BTC baselayer payments:
Read 6 tweets
Jan 1
Happy new year frens, welcome to 2024 🙌

Obligatory thread of some of my unfiltered thoughts and predictions regarding the major crypto trends this year

🧵 Image
• Bitcoin as a Dominant Asset Class

The catalysts for $BTC are clear; a dozen or so spot ETFs a week from approval, halving in April, multiple interest rate cuts, and fiat money printer brrrrr

Initial ETF inflows won’t be as massive as expected but will ramp up over the yearImage
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$BTC spot ETF Issuers will battle over management fees (sub 40bps fees), advertising will be strong (Super Bowl ads), and a lawsuit with the SEC over allowing in-kind issuance/redemption vs just cash

$ETH ETF will be next and then no ETFs for other tokens this year (2025 tho…)


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Read 18 tweets
Dec 18, 2023
A liquid restaking token that is backed by liquid staking tokens deposited in a restaking protocol which rehypothecates staked ETH

This is getting pretty deep, can we add another layer of liquidity and risk here? I don’t think we have enough
Note that there’s four+ layers of risk

1. Risk of staking ETH
2. Risk of liquid staking ETH
3. Risk of restaking ETH
4. Risk of liquid restaking ETH

You’re not only exposed to slashing and smart contract bug risk at each tier, but risks that only appear when composing protocols
Hell, why not take this further

Deposit your liquid restaking token into an AMM DEX, get an LP token back in return, and then deposit that LP token into a money market as collateral so you can borrow even more ETH to liquid restake

Adds 3 more layers of risk to the process
Read 5 tweets
Nov 25, 2023
"Chainlink is just an oracle"

What started as a single ETH/USD Price Feed has since expanded into a fully-featured platform of services

There are now 1,000+ #Chainlink oracle networks that span external data, offchain compute, and cross-chain interoperability

A thread 🧵 Image
Oracles connect blockchains to external systems, enabling them to execute based on inputs/outputs from the real world

Before chainlink, oracles were highly centralized and insecure, with frequent oracle attacks resulting in exploits and loss of funds

garbage in -> garbage out Image
Chainlink solved this problem through the creation of decentralized oracle networks (DONs), backed by strong cryptoeconomic incentives and high quality node operators

Chainlink isn't a monolithic network, but rather a platform for creating oracle networks
blog.chain.link/how-chainlink-…

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Read 24 tweets
Nov 3, 2023
Arta TechFin, a Hong Kong-based financial services institution, is collaborating with #Chainlink Labs on the creation of regulated, fiat-based, cross-chain tokenized funds 👀

Chainlink CCIP will enable the transfer of fund tokens across public and private chains, increasing liquidity through cross-chain atomic settlement

Chainlink Data Feeds will provide transparent data for onchain Net Asset Value (NAV) reporting, making the data instantly available to all market participants

Chainlink Proof of Reserve will verify that the onchain fund tokens are backed and secured by designated assets under traditional and crypto custodians

The future is on
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Arta TechFin (HKSE: 0279) is a hybrid financial (HyFi) platform bridging traditional finance with blockchain-based financial system via technology innovations

Its regulated one-stop solution enables corporates, financial institutions, and family offices to access traditional assets and digital assets

Arta TechFin, through its various subsidiaries, are licensed under Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission

Other licenses include Hong Kong Stock Exchange participant, insurance brokerage license, trustee license and money lending license in Hong Kong as well as Eurex and Chicago Mercantile Exchange participants
@SergeyNazarov on the collaboration at @HongKongFinTech Week:
Read 5 tweets
Sep 22, 2023
$LINK is the true institutional coin

And not because of flimsy handwavey narratives or vague hyped up “connections”

But because @Chainlink has been working directly with the largest financial institutions globally on accelerating tokenized asset adoption via #CCIP

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The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (@swiftcommunity) on using CCIP for interoperability



Swift is used by 11,500+ financial institutions globally for inter-bank messaging, facilitating international money/security transfers swift.com/news-events/pr…



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Participants in the Swift blockchain interoperability collaboration included 12+ of the largest financial institutions and market infrastructure providers in the world including:

DTCC
Euroclear
Clearstream
BNY Mellon
BNP Paribas
Citi
ANZ
Lloyds
SDX

More on the participants:
Read 7 tweets

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