1/ Okay, finally getting around to this experiment video by @ScepticalDoctor

Naturally, this has many things I'm interested in -->
- N=1
- #Lipids (esp #Cholesterol)
- and not least of all, Anna and I have many respectful, kind debates (more of that plz, #NutritionTwitter)
2/ "But this experiment is mainly for entertainment purposes. Self experiments like this are irrelevant from a scientific perspective."

Unsurprisingly, I do disagree on this wording. I think it's fair to say self-experiments have "limited" relevance (depending on design)...
3/ ... But a well designed N=1 can provide quite a lot of scientific value, even if primarily hypothesis-generating.
4/ I like the experiment protocol in having phases with a washout period in between. Plus 14 days for both the control and intervention phases allow for a fairly strong establishment period on each.
5/ Trigs -
Baseline/Tofu/Washout/Eggs
50/52/60/57

Of course, I'm especially interested in this metric for many reasons. While TG can be "noisy", it can also say a lot where captured with frequency.

However, the deltas in absolute values are very low...
6/ As such while I wouldn't exactly call it a "draw" per se, I agree with her not assigning a lot of value to these levels in light of that high variability.

However, in this section she mentions she wasn't tracking calories -- and I do wish this were the case for the experiment
7/ Remaining metrics...

Baseline/Tofu/Washout/Eggs

Total Cholesterol
141/140/143/154

HDL-C
67/70/66/65

LDL-C
64/60/66/79

Non-HDL-C
74/70/77/89
8/ So first, I want to reiterate that I very much appreciate @ScepticalDoctor's efforts in developing and executing this experiment. As I'm sure she'll agree, these kinds of things are very challenging to build your life around when going for not just days, but several weeks...
9/ While I have some comments and critiques, they are very much in the spirit of collaboration and curiosity.

First, I do think tracking quantities & calories is of high importance with experiments like these where margins of lipid changes in absolute levels are this small...
10/ I'm intimately familiar with this challenge in particular given prior experiments, which has resulted in my being more obsessive than ever about exact weighing of food to ensure calorie matching, etc.

For example, see cholesterolcode.com/wp-content/upl… from my experiment last year
11/ It's tough, because we already can see just how much variability there is even over the course of the day wrt absolute values especially. Check out this data from my fasting window experiment and note these are actually mean averages per time point...
12/ Another aspect worth nothing is the protein per calorie difference, but I'm not sure if I'd put a lot of stock into that one just yet.

What has occupied my attention more these days (in part, thanks to @ScepticalDoctor's experiments) is fiber...
13/ While I've long pointed to fiber as one component that is well known to have impacts on lipid levels, (see my reduction thread) I only more recently got into researching its net vs gross carb contribution.

I've been checking in with T1Ds on this too..
14/ The reason I'm especially interested in this comes back to the #LipidEnergyModel and possible insulinemic response. And while I don't have time to unpack the particulars, I'll just say it's motivated me to do an experiment soon where fiber is the isolated intervention.
15/ Again, I applaud @ScepticalDoctor for the experiment and making a video on its findings. I look forward to reading/watching what you'll be up to next. :)

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More from @DaveKeto

5 Sep
1/ Yes, my answer to the poll by @nicknorwitz was "Gain 4% body fat". And honestly, it was a pretty easy one when compared to the others.

But to be fair, I also have quite a bit of direct data on this in particular... let's unpack...
2/ First, if you didn't already know this about me, in 2018 I literally gained almost 20lbs of fat for the Weight Gain Experiment. cholesterolcode.com/weight-gain-ex…

(As an aside, I realize now I did presentations on the findings for this experiment, but didn't do a write up. Bad Dave!)
3/ But spoiler alert -- my total and LDL cholesterol did indeed go down where having gained weight and back up where having lost it.

To be sure, I think there are thresholds to "active fat gain/loss" vs standing, stable fat mass, but we'll save that for another thread.
Read 8 tweets
2 Sep
1/ Wow -- it's been quite a week! I announced the #LMHRstudy six days ago. And in case you missed it -- visit here for more details:

CitizenScienceFoundation.org/study

I'm going to provide some updates and answers to frequent questions of the last several days...
2/ "Dave, can you get me in the study?"

No! You have to contact Lundquist directly through the proper channels and they will decide based on the study design whether you qualify as prescribed by existing eligibility criteria we all determined in advance.
3/ While myself, @DrNadolsky and @DrRagnar developed the protocol in collaboration Lundquist, we in no way can (or should) influence any decision making regarding individual considerations -- and that's a good thing. We want this study as fair and objective as possible.
Read 7 tweets
6 Aug
1/ Okay, let's talk ANGPTL3-4-8 model. Mega thx to @nicknorwitz for getting well ahead of me on the angptls and their influence on LPL.

Here's the central figure, which we'll be referencing.

(Don't worry if you get lost, I'll unpack this more below..)

royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rs…
2/ "Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a rate-limiting enzyme for hydrolysing circulating triglycerides (TG) into free fatty acids that are taken up by peripheral tissues."

Translation: LPL is like a key cells use to open lipoprotein boats to offload their fat-fuel cargo (TG)
3/ "Postprandial LPL activity rises in white adipose tissue (WAT), but declines in the heart and skeletal muscle, thereby directing circulating TG to WAT for storage; the reverse is true during fasting"

Sure, post-meal we do more storing in fat via LPL, otherwise we do less.
Read 11 tweets
5 Aug
1/6 I'd like to both retweet and add on to @NutritionMadeS3's point here...

Again, and with emphasis, my position is one of cautious optimism. That's an explicit acknowledgement of uncertainty, even if I have a leaning toward the positive in this context...
2/6 I discuss this at length in 13-15 of my pinned tweet

Hence the importance of #LMHRstudy

I'd hope this were self-evident, but if I were completely certain high LDL + high HDL + low TG = low risk in fat-adapted context, there'd be no effort for a study
3/6 I've chatted with @NutritionMadeS3 and others on evidence I consider very compelling regarding the connection of health and illness for lipid metabolism and their impact on lipid profiles. But I likewise stress we'd be better served with prospective data in this context
Read 6 tweets
2 Aug
1/ Heard enough Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL)?

The tl:dr -> There's more selective control with fatty acid exchange in tissues than we fully understand... but we have a lot more we've learned recently...

#LipidEnergyModel @nicknorwitz

sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
2/ "Preferential uptake of FAs into high demand tissues such as the heart, muscle and brown adipose tissue cannot be achieved by non-specific uptake, which would acutely distribute FAs equally into all cells."

- Translation: there's some selective trafficking going on here.
3/ "A second uptake process modulated by activity of capillary lipoprotein lipase (LpL) involves FAs derived from triglyceride (TG) rich lipoproteins (chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins." (VLDL)

- Yes, lipoproteins + LPL = hydrolysis of TG to cells
Read 11 tweets
23 Jul
1/6 Yes -- this article is over 3 years old now and I then presented on Remnant Cholesterol (RC) at LC Denver earlier that year.

In rereading this article, there are a few things I'd update -- but the general focus on systemic outcome relevance still holds...
2/6 A more updated article on this, along with further thoughts, can be found here: cholesterolcode.com/thoughts-regar…
3/6 If you read nothing else, check out this section from the article, and why I'm so vocal about *not* looking only at #ApoB (which lumps non-LDL and LDL) together.

Again -- and with emphasis -- this is part of the larger hypothesis. But all the more reason to research it...
Read 6 tweets

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