Imagine you were an alien. On your planet, there aren’t schools. From your spaceship, you spend some time observing one of ours.
What would you guess schools are for?
(a thread on education)
I bet that education wouldn’t be the first of your hypotheses. After all, schools deliver much better on other metrics.
For example,
2/N
Did you ever notice that most degrees are of the same length regardless of the complexity of the underlying field, and that some subjects are obsolete, as if their purpose was to employ teachers rather than teach useful skills?
3/N
It is almost as if universities were designed to serve their teachers and administrators rather than their students.
4/N
Sometimes, it takes being an alien to notice that systems with a stated purpose aren’t designed around it.
Some examples:
committees (as Taleb noted, they are not designed around taking decisions but around distancing decisions-makers from the risks of their decisions) and…
…and foreign interventions: as the last 20 years in Afghanistan showed, they’re not designed around improving the lives of poor populations but around enriching the military-industrial complex. The US spent about $2T = $53k per Afghan: how much did any average Afghan see of it?
The point is not that schools are bad. They’re great at many things – daycare, for example, or mitigating the outcomes of some difficult familial situations.
7/N
The point is that we shouldn’t trust the stated purpose of systems.
Instead, we can disbelieve the illusion and ask ourselves, what are they great at?
And if we don’t like the answer, can we redesign them around a different purpose?
8/N
What if tests weren’t to grade students but to show them that practice leads to competence? What would they look like?
And if teachers weren’t there to regurgitate books but to motivate students, what would they do, and how would they be selected?
And what if subjects weren’t a checklist of “must-know” concepts, but represented a set of skills, what would they look like?
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15h software debugging for 1.5T of metal on public roads is an extraordinary feat, only a genius or a psychopath could achieve that
I imagine the logic, “in 15h we couldn’t find any problem, this must mean our testing process is good enough and the software is ready for public beta”
“But there’s no alternative!”
There is: pay drivers specifically trained for testing autonomous vehicles. Like almost everyone else in the industry is doing.
This article has an interesting thesis: the false belief that prices have an allocative function but merely a redistributive one explains most of the economic BS heard over the past decades.
One implication of the false belief above is that taxes and minimal wages don't affect the price of labor and thus employment. Under such false belief, of course taxes and minimal wages are a no brainer! 🤦♂️
Controls are so lax, *and expected to be so lax*, that any punishment of such behavior will be a trolley problem of punishing some “genuinely unaware of managed trades” or inciting trading by controllers.
The less clarity and focus on Core Values, the more trolley problems later
Almost all “enforcement trolley problems” are downstream a lack of clarity in boundaries and/or low frequency of a violation to be caught
We want frequent controls to ensure the likelihood that large violations are malicious, thus more moral to prosecute.
Instead, allowing the risk of large violations by “genuinely honest but distracted” people (or who interpreted a grey area differently) makes it harder morally to prosecute violations: a vicious circle (less prosecution → less common knowledge of rules → more violations).
A very common example: a top manager asks all supervisors to communicate change X to their teams. Supervisors know they can’t do X or can’t communicate X as desired (because of some valid reason the top manager might not be aware of) but silently sit in the meeting until the end
Interestingly, the above will be seen as a trust violation by the managers (“you didn’t do what you promised”) but probably not by the supervisors (“you asked me something I couldn’t do [because of a lack of resources / problem Y / etc]”).
WHY IT'S WRONG TO MAKE ANALOGIES WITH ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE RE: COVID, AND WHY VACCINES DON'T CREATE VARIANTS
The principle:
- antibiotics & vaccine select for variants but don't create them; what creates them is transmission
This matters because…
(short thread)
2/ Antibiotics are used after symptoms, where millions of viruses are already in the body, and some can *already have mutated* to escape the antibiotic (and thus get selected), whereas vaccines are already there before the virus that got in can reproduce
3/ Also, drugs are more specific in the enzymes or proteins that they can attack, whereas vaccines lead to many times of antibodies, casting a wider net.