In the old days (ie, 2 years ago), being short an upside call was pretty harmless. "I'll buy some stock, maybe lean long with client," said the guru sell-side derivs book-runner who made the price.
"Plus, when the stock rises, it will do so gently. Stocks are escalator up / elevator down assets!", she thought to herself. "Plus, if I'm using market implied vol to calc my delta, I'm probably already long more than I need to be should the stock pop."
Then came 2020. "It's complicated," she said, adding "I'm getting two things very wrong now." The up-crash in stock prices, a defining characteristic of the Meme era was one.
"These jumps are outrageous and can't be hedged. Did you know that in CAR since October, the realized vol on up days is 300?! It's 3x that on down days!"
"Short gamma into an upcrash of that size is painful". Reflecting on the losses, she added a second complication. "Stocks and their vols are supposed to move opposite each other."
"Changes in the VIX are 80% negatively correlated to the changes in the SPX," she asserted. "But look at these two charts in NVDA. I'm short the gamma, short the vega and short the correlation between the stock price and the vol. I'm way underhedged."
ImageImage
Positive price / vol feedback loops....they are fun…but they never end well (tech, 2000, crude 2008, gold 2011, bitcoin 2017, vol of vol 2020)

(she sold some VIX futures to make the money back)

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with Alpha_Ex_LLC

Alpha_Ex_LLC Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @Alpha_Ex_LLC

10 Nov
In some ways, 10-year note is just another risk asset. Over-owned by those with no alternative. Valuation profile is absurd. All other assets are priced off of and seem “less bad” by ridiculous proxy. Can’t argue any more that duration is a +carry hedge, at least on real basis.
I am sympathetic to idea that neg real yield on UST and correlation regime change has something to do with higher VRP in equities. The “easy” hedge is no longer.
Apollo Co-President Scott Kleinman said record-low interest rates are causing a “collective delusion” on deal valuations. Near-zero interest rates are having “a whole variety of unintended consequences” and are causing valuation multiples to rise “incredibly dramatically,”
Read 4 tweets
4 Nov
Some thoughts on realized vol…If inflation is the "anti-earnings" to nominal bonds, then falling realized vol is the same to options. Of the factors that drive option prices, motion in the underlying is of most importance. Without the daily swings, "the rent is too damn high".
News Alert: The RVOL index...a handy Bberg command that saves us from typing SPX <INDEX> HVG <GO> all the time, has dipped below 10...again. 10 vol is around 60bps a day.
Realized vol is mostly a concurrent indicator. Nothing bad in markets happens when RVOL is below 12. Here's a table that maps RVOL versus returns. RVOL below 15 is generally safe.
Read 12 tweets
3 Nov
post FOMC, the 2nd $VIX future is set to test post-pandemic low. vol pops are fast becoming difficult to remember. I see 3 characteristics of vol that are worth keeping close at hand-->
1. Vol Mean-Reverts: Market disruption events don’t last forever as a combination of cheap asset prices and regulatory fire-fighting response ultimately provides runway for capital to be re-deployed and vol to decline from very high levels.
2. Vol Has Memory: The best predictor of vol tomorrow is vol today. Periods of low vol tend to lead to a self-reinforcing psychology of stability. Conversely, de-risking episodes cause forced selling and more volatility.
Read 5 tweets
2 Nov
Roughly, we can think of equity vol as derived from 1 of 4 places: 1) distance to default (Merton) 2) vol of earnings 3) vol of rates 4) vol of the P/E multiple. There's overlap..vol in rates, for example, may be related to inflation which may lead to vol in the multiple.
In 2008, it was #1, distance to default in financials that sponsored vol. In 2020, it was #2, vol of earnings. In 2013, it was #3, vol of rates that hurt equities (briefly). In 2000, it was #4, vol of the P/E ratio (those stocks never had earnings to begin with).
AMZN has 5 year CDS at 34bps but 2y IV at 28. MSFT has 27 IV and CDS of 24. GOOG has 27 IV and 28 CDS. These stocks move quite a bit. Default isn't a risk that comes to mind. Sure, they have vol in earnings. But it's also that their P/E's are quite volatile.
Read 12 tweets
18 Oct
My favorite way of introducing the idea of put options is the analogy to car insurance. The underlyings (both the vehicle and driver), the premium, the deductible, the max payout, and of course the term, all have contracting equivalents to the actual listed equity option market.
And we know our friendly car insurance provider never wins by more than the premium itself, rendering it short the accident. Geico is Citadel, studying its own version of realized vol with computations on accident and theft frequency and the financial costs associated w them.
There is a lot of data to mine including the cross-sections of drivers, cars, neighborhoods and (mis)behaviors. The game is the same: use data to sell auto insurance at an implied vol such that the premiums taken in outstrip the payouts and allow for an attractive return.
Read 5 tweets
14 Oct
A further widening of inflation break-evens complicates things for the Fed even if it remains committed to its wait and see strategy that only decides to act when the evidence of higher inflation is clear (are we there yet)?
Risk premiums become prices in plain sight and they become a statement on expectations of the mean and variance of inflation. The prices also help satisfy the market’s (almost insatiable) need for narrative.
One such narrative might read “inflation break-evens are a Fed credibility metric”. These narratives serve to reinforce the broad market consensus. In circular fashion, what we think helps determine prices, which in turn tell us what to think and what to believe.
Read 9 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Too expensive? Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal Become our Patreon

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us on Twitter!

:(