Located near Sibi in Balochistan, Pakistan, ancient city of Mehrgarh (7000 BC-2000 BC) is the oldest Neolithic human settlement in Pakistan and also in this region with evidence of farming (wheat and barley), herding (cattle, sheep and goats) and proto-dentistry. 
7000 BC Mehrgarh city of Pakistan was discovered in 1974 by an archaeological team directed by French archaeologist Jean-François Jarrige, and was excavated continuously between 1974 and 1986, and again from 1997 to 2000.
Between 7000-6000 years ago people of 9000 years old Mehrgarh, Pakistan learned to use bow-drills, to drill holes in beads of lapis lazuli, turquoise & cornelian etc. They used similar drills in dentistry for drilling in human teeth. Others in IVC, learned it a 1000 years later.
Age-wise Burial of 150 People in 7000 BC Mehrgarh Graveyard, Pakistan:
Uptil 4 years old - 30.79%
5-9 years - 7.15%
10-14 years - 8.15%
15-19 years - 3.13%
20-24 years - 5.35%
25-29 years - 7.72%
30-34 years - 7.89%
35-39 years - 5.51%
40-44 years - 5.68%
50 + years - 15.95%
Uptil 4 years old - 30.79%
5-9 years - 7.15%
10-14 years - 8.15%
15-19 years - 3.13%
20-24 years - 5.35%
25-29 years - 7.72%
30-34 years - 7.89%
35-39 years - 5.51%
40-44 years - 5.68%
50 + years - 15.95%
At its height, the population of 7000 BC Mehrgarh city of Pakistan, at it's peak, is assessed at around 25000 inhabitants and remained continuously occupied till it was abandoned between 2600-2000 BC.
Kachi plains & hills around 9000 years old Mehrgarh city of Balochistan, Pakistan had 12 species of wild animals; gazelle, swamp deer, nilgai, blackbuck, onager, spotted deer, water buffalo, sheep, goat, cattle, pig & elephant. Goats & sheep were domesticated animals at Mehrgarh.
Mehrgarh being the precursor, clearly illustrates a continuous sequence of Indus Valley Civilization’s dwelling sites in Pakistan, established from 7000 BC onwards, highlighting its subsistence patterns, as well as its craft and trade.
Metallurgical analysis of copper bead from 8000 years old burial at Mehrgarh, Pakistan allowed recovery of several threads which were identified as cotton. These fibres were earliest known use of cotton & put the date of Ist use of this textile plant back by more than 1000 years.
Most houses of 9000 years old Mehrgarh, Pakistan consisted of 4 rooms; 12" wide mudbrick walls. Average structure was 18x12 ft. Rooms generally of same size with small inter-connected/oustide openings. Many rooms/houses were painted red inside and outside, adorned with paintings.
Lorenzo Costantini & Alessandro Lentini conducted palynological investigations during 2000s at 7000 BC Mehrgarh in Balochistan, Pakistan. They concluded that climatic conditions were wetter & dense gallery of forests existed at the time in the area till about 4th millennium BC.
During the excavation of 7000 BC Mehrgarh city, a total of 16 buildings were excavated between 1978-1985. Additional buildings, totaling 46, were excavated in the course of 1997-2000 excavation period. Total area of Mehrgarh city covers 300 hectare.
Ancient farming in Pakistan started from 7000 BC Mehrgarh, located between Sibi and Quetta, in the province of Balochistan. Recent studies have clearly shown that this farming activity was indigenous in nature and did not relate to any movement of ancient Iranians to Pakistan.
People of 7000 BC Mehrgarh, Pakistan also knew the art of making fabric & male figurines wore turbans as is worn even these days in various parts of Pakistan. People also produced and wore ornaments of beads, seashells, semi-precious stones like Lapis Lazuli and polished copper.
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