I want to tell a story tonight about a special man who almost certainly would have had a seat on the Supreme Court had his health not failed him.
A man who served on the 8th Circuit alongside his own brother.
That man is Richard Arnold, and this is his ⚖️🧵 . . .
Richard Arnold was born in 1936 in Texarkana.⭐️
His brother later wrote, "One of my early memories is sitting around in our library listening to my 16-year-old brother teach our mother ancient Greek. (I wonder if there was anyone else in Miller County ... doing that that day?)"
Richard took his love of Greek to @Yale, where he studied classics.
He then attended @Harvard_Law, where he finished 🥇 in his class.
A clerkship with Justice Brennan followed . . . 🏛️
After years of practice in DC & back in Texarkana, he worked for Dale Bumpers – famed Governor & then Senator of Arkansas. 🐗
Then a *joint* seat on the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of AR & the U.S. District Court for the Western District of AR opened up . . . ⚖️
And, as Richard later told it:
“[The Senator] said 'Richard, I want you to fix up a letter for me to sign to send to the President, recommending you to be a U.S. District Judge.'
So I wrote him a hell of a letter!”
✉️🔥
Richard received his commission in 1978 but didn’t keep it long as he was nominated in '79 to a new 🪑 on the 8th Circuit. (He was confirmed soon after.)
His brother, Morris, joined him on the court in 1992 - they are the only siblings to serve together on a federal court.👨⚖️👨⚖️
Judge Arnold developed a reputation as a top jurist.
Indeed, when Justice Blackmun retired from the Court in 1994 🏛️, President Clinton came very close to nominating Judge Arnold to his seat.
So close, in fact, that a speech announcing Judge Arnold’s nomination was drafted:
But tragically, Judge Arnold was battling cancer. In deciding what to do, Clinton took the extraordinary step of interviewing Judge Arnold's doctors personally.
When he ultimately decided against the nomination and called Judge Arnold with the news, Clinton reportedly wept.
Who got the nod instead? Judge Breyer.
Although their interview hadn't gone well – Clinton apparently found Breyer “aloof” – Breyer’s supporters persuaded the President that Breyer hadn't been himself that day, having been in pain from a recent 🚲 accident!
As for Judge Arnold, he served as Chief of the 8th Circuit from 1992 to '98. And then sadly, he passed away in 2004 – at the age of 68.
When he died, most of the Justices made statements about him, including Justice Breyer:
"He was a great judge and a marvelous human being."❤️
And here are a few others...
"A brilliant, brilliant man, Judge Arnold was a model of humility and self-deprecation. He worked tirelessly on behalf of the federal judiciary and as a federal judge."
- Justice Thomas
"My generation knew no finer federal judge."
- Justice Ginsburg
"Arnold was one of the great federal judges of our time. His carefully reasoned & beautifully written opinions were models of the art of judging. He has been a friend of mine since the days when he finished ahead of me (and 1st in the class) at Harvard Law School." - J. Scalia
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Okay, so, nearly every state has a court of last resort that is styled that state's "Supreme Court."
- But not New York 🍎 –
As you may know, their highest court is the "New York State Court of Appeals." But do you know why?
Today’s mini ⚖️ 🧵 has the story . . .
New York has itself a Supreme Court and it’s old. Like, real old. It dates back to 1691. 😲
Originally called the "Supreme Court of Judicature” 🏛️ (best court name ever), it had jurisdiction over criminal and civil pleas and could hear appeals from local courts.
(2/6)
But its Justices did not necessarily supply the final word. Pre-Revolution, one could take an appeal to the 👑 in London.
Post-revolution . . . we needed a new plan. 🚫🇬🇧
So we got the "Court for the Trial of Impeachments & Corrections of Errors" - okay *that's* the best name.
Coming to you fast is the final chapter in the story of Judge Florence Allen – including how she became . . .
✴️ The First Woman Appointed to an Article III Court and even shortlisted for the Supreme Court in the 1930s! ✴️
Part II of our epic ⚖️🧵 commences now . . .
So when we last left our heroine, Florence Allen had broken a whole lot of glass ceilings. 🔨
After becoming the 🥇 woman in the country to be elected to a court of general jurisdiction (the court of common pleas) . . .
she became the 🥇 woman elected to a State Supreme Court!
Florence served on the Supreme Court of Ohio for 11 years, earning a reputation for being a stellar jurist.🌟
As one commentator put it, Florence was "entitled to prominence" not because she was the 1st woman but "rather because of her unusually clear and up-to-date thinking.”👩⚖️
Who is in the mood to hear the story of the ⭐️First Woman Article III Judge⭐️?
Cuz I am sure in the mood to tell it!
Tonight we meet Judge Florence Allen – a true pathbreaker! (She served on the Ohio Supreme Court *and* the 6th Circuit!)
Mini ⚖️🧵all about her in 3...2...1...
Let's do the basics first:
Florence Ellinwood Allen was born in 1884.
She graduated at age 20 from what is today Case Western Reserve & then - being a true Renaissance woman - went to Germany 🇩🇪 to study 🎹, almost becoming a professional pianist!
(Florence had skills.)
But, luckily for us, she changed course & turned to law.⚖️
(Not to worry – she kept up her love of 🎵 and even was a music critic for the amazingly-named Cleveland Plain Dealer 📰 for awhile!)
Florence decided to attend law school ... but her alma mater wouldn’t admit women.🙅♀️