25 December 1943 | There were 86,920 prisoners in the entire Auschwitz concentration camp system: Auschwitz I, Auschwitz II-Birkenau, Auschwitz III-Monowitz camps & sub-camps: 56,596 men and 30,324 women.
The history of #Auschwitz is complex as it combined two functions: a concentration camp and an extermination center. It was used by the Nazi Germany to persecute different groups of people. Our online lesson explains the most important aspects: lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_1/
The podcast tells about the details of the process which led to the creation of the German Nazi Auschwitz camp & about its first prisoners. anchor.fm/auschwitz-memo…
Listen to our #podcast to learn why in spring 1942 the Auschwitz concentration camp became also an extermination center for Jewish people ⬇️ anchor.fm/auschwitz-memo…
The Auschwitz III-Monowitz camp was created in October 1942 on the site of the expelled & destroyed Polish village of Monowice. It was linked to the construction of the synthetic rubber plant of IG Farbenindustrie. anchor.fm/auschwitz-memo…
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23 December 1900 | Pole Franciszek Jaźwiecki was born in Cracow. A painter.
No. 79042.
He illegally created many portraits of co-prisoners at Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and Gross-Rosen camps. He survived.
“Not to see somebody else’s or your own eyes, so horrifyingly hopeless & strange, where, lurching in nearly every pair is the egoistic will to survive even at the cost of others, or at least not to find yourself in the first rank of those going to death.”
(Franciszek Jaźwiecki)
19 December 1941 | A Hungarian Jewish girl, Marta Weisz, was born in Sárköz. During the war, she lived in Szatmárnémeti.
On 31 May 1944, she was murdered in a gas chamber of Auschwitz II-Birkenau.
Marta Weisz was the daughter of Bandi (fate unknown) and Klari. She had an elder brother Robert. Klari and the children were most probably murdered in a gas chamber together.
Zyklon B was a pesticide produced by the Degesch company, initially designated exclusively for eradicating insects in residential quarters, storage space, and special disinfection chambers at the camp.
From the end of the summer of 1941, it was also used sporadically to put to death Auschwitz I prisoners and Soviet POWs; from the spring of 1942 it was used regularly to murder Jews in the Birkenau gas chambers.
9-10 November 1938 | November Pogrom (known also as Kristallnacht), a pogrom against the Jews throughout Nazi Germany. Hundreds killed & died by suicide, 30,000 men arrested, over 1,000 synagogues burnt, over 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed or damaged: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristalln…
The name Kristallnacht ("Crystal Night") comes from the shards of broken glass that littered the streets after the windows of Jewish-owned stores, buildings and synagogues were smashed.
In an article on the evening of 11 November, Joseph Goebbels ascribed the events to the "healthy instincts" of the German people: "The German people are anti-Semitic. It has no desire to have its rights restricted or to be provoked in the future by parasites of the Jewish race."
#Auschwitz was the only German Nazi concentration camp where - from some point - the camp numbers were tattooed, first on chests and later on forearms of prisoners. 1/4
In fall of 1941 the camp administration started tattooing Soviet POWs. Initially the number was on the left side of the chest. Polish prisoners transferred to Birkenau from Auschwitz I in March 1942 were tattooed the same way, as well as Jews arriving in the first transports. 2/4
From the spring of 1942 the camp authorities ordered that incoming prisoners be tattooed on the left forearm. Jewish men arriving in new transports were marked in this way, together with Jewish women already incarcerated in the camp. 3/4
14 August 1941 | Saint ft. Maximilian #Kolbe OFM was killed with a phenol injection inside a starvation cell of Block 11 of the German #Auschwitz I camp. On 29 July 1941 he offered his life to save a person selected for starvation death after an escape of a prisoner.
The death certificate issued by the SS administration confirming the death of Father Maximilian Kolbe in #Auschwitz on 14 August 1941. The official cause of death given is "Myocardinsuffizienz": myocardial insufficiency.
Today we recommend our online lesson dedicated to the fate of Catholic priests & clerics, nuns and clergy of other Christian churches who were prisoners of Auschwitz: lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_18_duchowie…