#1 Haitian Independence #tdih 1804 "We owe much to Walker for his appeal; to John Brown. . . but we owe incomparably more to Haiti . . . I regard her as original pioneer emancipator of 19th cent. — Frederick Douglass ⬇️ Art: @rlmartstudiozinnedproject.org/news/tdih/hait…
#2 The Emancipation Proclamation took effect #tdih 1863.
#3 "History, I have often said, is a clock that people use to tell their political time of day. It is also a compass that people use to find themselves on the map of human geography." -- John Henrik Clarke (1/1/1915 – 7/12/1998) Born #tdih More ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/john…
#4 Rosewood Massacre began #tdih 1923, white supremacist destruction of a Black town in Florida & the murder of many of its residents. #Terrorism#SundownTown
Sadly one of many: Slocum (TX), Elaine (AR), Tulsa (OK), Colfax (LA), Memphis (TN), & more ⬇️. zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/rose…
The Rosewood Massacre was one of countless in U.S. history.
Most were designed to suppress voting rights, land ownership, economic advancement, education, freedom of press, labor rights, and more of African Americans, Native Americans, & more. See ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/collection/mas…
#5 "We will not make a pretense of being satisfied with the crumbs of citizenship while others enjoy the whole loaf only by right of a whiteskinned birth." — Rev. Matthew McCollough at #tdih 1960 Greenville SC Airport Protest More ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/gree…
#6 Murder of Oscar Grant III on #tdih 2009 by BART police officer in Oakland.
In the 1930s, Harry and Harriette Moore began organizing for the @NAACP in central Florida. They launched a legal struggle that eventually won equal pay for Black and white teachers.
In 1941, Harry Moore became President and later executive director of the Florida state @NAACP. Under his leadership, the NAACP eventually grew to more than 10,000 members in more than 60 branches across the state.
#tdih 1951, Paul Robeson submitted a petition (edited by William Patterson) to the U.N. titled, “We Charge Genocide: The Crime of Government Against the Negro People,” signed by almost 100 U.S. intellectuals and activists. 🧵 zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/we_c…
With the Cold War raging, the U.S. gov't maneuvered to prevent the U.N. Commission on Human Rights from formally debating or even considering the charges brought in the petition.
[One of countless examples of the white supremacist goals/purpose of "Cold War" and McCarthyism.]
U.S. corporate media gave scant coverage to the petition or the crimes it documented. The few Gov't officials who commented on the petition described it as “Communist propaganda.” Elsewhere in world [& in US Black press] it was well received & extensively covered in the press.
"Nations reel & stagger. . .; they make hideous mistakes; they commit frightful wrongs; they do great & beautiful things. And shall we not best guide humanity by telling the truth about all this, so far as the truth is ascertainable?" --W. E. B. Du Bois ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/materials/blac…
Today: New edition of W. E. B. Du Bois's 1935 "Black Reconstruction" released from Library of America. Still needed to challenge "universal lying" in many school standards.
Thankfully, there are a wealth of resources to teach Reconstruction. E.g. "Seizing Freedom" podcast by @KidadaEWilliams w/ dramatic readings of 1st person stories, hear how "African Americans freed themselves. . . & built new lives during Reconstruction.” zinnedproject.org/materials/seiz…
Ella Baker, born #tdih 1903 and died #tdih 1986, was a civil, labor, & human rights activist beginning in the 1930s whose career spanned more than five decades. She was instrumental in the launch of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/ella…
"In order for us as poor and oppressed people to become a part of a society that is meaningful, the system under which we now exist has to be radically changed." — Ella Baker (1903 – 1986)
"Strong people don't need strong leaders." -- Ella Baker
Portrait of Ella Baker by Phoebe Rotter of Black Lives Matter Greater Burlington. Displayed at Poor People's Campaign, D.C., June 23, 2018. @BRepairers
#tdih 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott began. One of most powerful organizing stories.
Yet many people associate it with isolated act by Rosa Parks, without context of Parks’ life of activism; decades of public transportation protest; nor the role of WPC. ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/bus-…
The call to action came from a flier produced by Jo Ann Robinson of Women's Political Council (WPC) and a few associates. They bravely mimeographed tens of thousands of leaflets to distribute across city. Read more at @NMAAHCnmaahc.si.edu/blog-post/jo-a… & watch "Eyes on the Prize."
This wasn't first protest against discrimination on public transportation. In 1955, Claudette Colvin & other woman took a stand.
There were hundreds of acts of civil disobedience & other protests, dating back to 19th century. Not a single story. See ⬇️ civilrightsteaching.org/desegregation/…
#tdih 1969. Assassination of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark -- shot to death by police in their Chicago apartment. #terrorism
Read more below and find lessons (free via ZEP) to teach about the Black Panther Party, COINTELPRO, and police. #TeachTruthzinnedproject.org/news/tdih/blac…
See “The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and the Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther,” an interview with lawyer Jeffery Haas (co-founder of the People’s Law Office) on @democracynow ⬇️ democracynow.org/2009/12/4/the_…
Teach about this history with lesson below by Ursula Wolfe-Rocca, "Through examining FBI documents, students learn the scope of the FBI’s COINTELPRO campaign to spy on, infiltrate, discredit, and disrupt all corners of the Black Freedom Movement." zinnedproject.org/materials/coin…