It's six AM. I'm still in bed and my eyes are barely open. I reach for my phone. I check my email. Last night's sign out just arrived. I scan last the names I don't recognize, looking for one in particular... 🧵
I admitted you just hours before, just a few days into your symptoms. You got sicker fast. I remember you insisted that intubation 'wasn't within your wishes' to every clinician before me. I wasn't so sure...
You were in your 50s, no major health issues. Didn't like doctors or the healthcare system. I recognized the fear. I walked into your room. I knew how this would go- nothing new. I introduced myself- "I'll be the senior ICU doctor taking care of you. Is it ok if I examine you?"
In situations like this, I start with the exam. There isn't much to discover, but few things convey how much we care as the amount of time & attention we devote with our hands and stethoscope. I spent longer than usual. There was work to be done here. I was laying the foundation.
Next, I describe the findings. Slowly. Then I make some guesses. They stopped being guesses long ago. 'You probably feel OK right now, just really wiped out. Not short of breath at all. That oxygen in your nose is pretty intense. Your back starting to get sore from this bed yet?'
'They keep freaking out about your numbers, right? How far do you think you can walk? The bathroom? What would happen if you tried to go to the bathroom right now?'
I explain how we try to make the most out of the lung that isn't sick. Oxygen is one part of that. Reducing how much oxygen the body needs is another. I talk about bedrest, bedpans, catheters, spending time on your belly. I avoid talking about what happens if that isn't enough.
Next, we talk about your People. I start with the story- how'd you end up coming in? That gives me some names. Who else is at home? Who knows you're here? Knowing the People is so important. I find out who to call. Who not to call. Today the calls go to Miles. OK... It is time.
'I know you're scared. This is more frightening by the moment. You've heard the stories. What are you worried about?' You mention your kids. Your dog. Almost always you talk about someone who depends on you. You don't talk about intubation. Neither do I.
I take your hand. 'I want you to know something. You're in good hands. We are here for you. Whatever happens. It doesn't matter what happened before. We are here for you.' the response is palpable. Your hand tightens on mine.
You know that I get it. How real it is. How bad it is. 'I want to tell you this, right now. This can get bad. I hope it doesn't. But it might. If it does, we are here for you. We will do whatever we can, whatever we need to do to get you back to Miles. You're in the right place.'
The high flow oxygen is blasting. I'm almost screaming through the n95 & face shield. I'm staring into your eyes. You nod. "You know what that means. In an emergency- only in an emergency, only to save your life- we will do anything needed. Including putting in a breathing tube."
Your face tightens. A stiff nod. "One of three things will happen and I have no idea which one. First, you might just get better quickly. I so hope that's what happens for you. But it may not...
You might also stay like this for days or weeks. Sore. Tired. Weak. Uncomfortable. But some of those people get better just like that, so every day you spend like this is a win too. Or...
Or you might get worse. Bad enough that you need the ventilator. Bad enough that you need more. I hope that doesn't happen to you but if it does we will be here with you every single minute. You are not alone. I'm going to call Miles now."
I called Miles. That was a tough conversation. It was important. I learned more about what mattered to you. And before I left I did dozens of other small things to make it safer, to make it better. And I made sure your code status was clear: Full Code.
Back in my bed. I keep scrolling through the sign out. I find what I'm looking for. Your oxygen sat dropped around 2am. You were confused and agitated. They intubated you. Almost immediately your heart stopped and you arrested. They performed cpr for 35 minutes. You were gone.
I put my phone away. It's time to go back to work.

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More from @laxswamy

Dec 3, 2021
Does every admitted patient need a code status discussion? @AvrahamCooperMD and I propose a more individualized & patient centered approach. The current 'checkbox' practice leads to superficial discussions & inaccurate code status determinations.
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
Both @AvrahamCooperMD & I have thought about this quite a bit since we were interns. I still remember residents asking me after I presented an H&P for a low acuity admit, "did you remember to ask code status?" not because it was clinically relevant, but because it was a To Do ✅
It isn't uncommon for me to hear from floor patients admitted overnight, "am I going to die?" not because they are so sick but because they were so scared because of the sudden code status discussion the night before. We can cause a lot of fear and anxiety if we're not careful!
Read 8 tweets
Oct 18, 2021
I had the chance to speak about individual well-being strategies... I opened by saying it's like asking a patient coming in with gunshot wounds if they've had their colonoscopy yet. It is a hard subject to talk about... 🧵#CHEST2021
I started with what I think of as 🚩🚩🚩 when I hear about wellbeing. Especially during covid. Especially in the ICU. See this thread for more! #CHEST2021
For the next portion of the talk, I share content from an AMA module I helped write for medical students in toxic or stressful environments. I think a lot of it applies to all of us in 2021. #CHEST2021 edhub.ama-assn.org/med-student-le…
Read 15 tweets
Mar 2, 2021
Highlights from an ICU delirium talk I give to the residents, please share your thoughts & feedback! Image credit: deliriumcarenetwork.com/art.html artist depiction of delirium in the hospital
Delirium: An acute change in attention, awareness and cognition caused by a medical condition that cannot be better explained by a pre- existing neurocognitive disorder. Often reversible.

Drugs don’t work to treat it... but they can precipitate it.
Patients often have altered arousal- from reduced responsiveness at a near- coma level (hypoactive) to hypervigilance & severe agitation (hyperactive)

Hypoactive delirium is a/w worse outcomes, including ⬆️mortality, ⬆️length of stay, ⬆️falls and institutionalization, lower QOL.
Read 33 tweets
Feb 27, 2021
I love working in the ICU. So much of what we do is just trying to reduce the harm we inflict keeping people alive long enough to either get better or not. The harm is immense despite that ... 🧵

cw: icu trauma
ICU patients, more than most any other, lose autonomy. Most icu patients can't make decisions about anything- either you're sedated or too confused or otherwise incapacitated. Imagine having no say in whether a needle goes in your body.
I'm not even talking about the really invasive stuff. Imagine having literally no say about how your body is positioned, turned. No control over your bladder or bowels. No control even being awake or asleep.
Read 10 tweets
Jan 13, 2021
More hospital strain is unsurprisingly a/w worse outcomes. As mentioned, a lot goes into the occupancy of beds suitable for mechanical ventilation: the bed/room and equipment- one MV bed is not always like another (are you in a converted unit)? but especially...STAFFING!🧵
In ideal circumstances, a sick ICU patient on a ventilator has a dedicated ICU nurse focused only on their care and a multidisciplinary team- a doctor, respiratory therapist, pharmacist, all seeing more patients but not so many that they can't give attention as needed...
Ideally, the other ICU RNs will have a good pt ratio too. When a pt needs extra attention (quite often with COVID), the bedside nurse notices changes quickly, extra nurses are on hand to help, and the doctor/others are available for immediate assistance and evaluation.
Read 12 tweets
Nov 18, 2020
"Mechanical Ventilation Supply and Options for the COVID-19 Pandemic" in @AnnalsATS

Here are some of our key takeaways... a #COVID19 🧵to assist in planning for the next surge.

atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.151…
We faced intense strain from #COVID19 in Boston, an incredibly well resourced city.

The Hawaiian islands have about 250 ICU beds & 500 ventilators for a population of about 1.4m.

Haiti, with 11m people, can provide MV to <100 people.

#COVID19 can create a crisis anywhere.
We describe contingency options for hospitals and providers to reduce mechanical ventilation demand, increase supply, create new supply in crisis situations, and address staffing needs. atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.151…
Read 12 tweets

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