#JanuAIRWAY Day 24 -Paediatric Airways. (ft. expert contributions from Alistair Baxter and @ENT_UK’s Adam Donne). Let’s dive in … Here's some #OnePagers covering anatomy, induction, airway manoeuvres and basic airway equipment.
#JanuAIRWAY 1/10
Top tip from Alistair Baxter: Remember that a Macintosh blade is a hyperangulated blade in an infant and requires an intubation stylet shaped to match the curve of the blade
#JanuAIRWAY 2/10
The difficult paediatric airway = #SCARY. Upper airway obstruction in children – broad range of presentations, three important diagnoses; Croup, Epiglottitis and Inhaled Foreign Body. Here’s some #OnePagers.
#JanuAIRWAY 3/10
TIVA is ever increasing in popularity as is “O”s up the nose. HFNO is generally well tolerated, can add peep with a pacifier and allows a true tubeless field. Here’s a #OnePager
🔗pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28100527/
🔗onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.111…
#JanuAIRWAY 4/10
Good laryngoscopy technique in children is important to prevent airway trauma. VL can be useful in children but evidence is mixed.
🔗ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK24811…
🔗journals.lww.com/ejanaesthesiol…
🔗pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26705976/
🔗pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34103817/
#JanuAIRWAY 5/10
Why not review the #One pagers from Day 7 on laryngoscopy, the position theory and different device DL and VL devices?
🔗
#JanuAIRWAY 6/10
Most VL devices have paediatric blades available. Question #MedTwitter do you have paediatric VL available in your department?
#JanuAIRWAY 7/10
Fibreoptic intubation is an advanced technique that requires attention to detail and management of multiple different aspects. Intubation via a SAD is a nice technique. Here’s a #OnePager covering the essentials.
#JanuAIRWAY 8/10
Hope that helps. Tomorrow we’ll look at the obstetric airway (ft. expert contributions from @noolslucas). See you then! #JanuAIRWAY 10/10

*Disclaimer: Inclusion of content (equipment, techniques and scoring systems etc.) in #JanuAIRWAY does not constitute DAS endorsement

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More from @dastrainees

Jan 25
#JanuAIRWAY Day 25 – Obstetric Airways (thanks to @noolslucas for her expert contribution to todays content!). Let’s dive in…Here's a #OnePager and decision tools from a great review article
🔗doi.org/10.1111/anae.1…
#JanuAIRWAY 1/5 ImageImageImageImage
Failed intubation requires a different approach in Obs. The 2015 @dasairway /@OAAinfo guidelines are really helpful for this! Covering safe Obs GA, failed intubation and GA.
#JanuAIRWAY 2/5 ImageImageImageImage
The DAS/OAA guidelines also cover decision making – when to bail out / when to proceed and aftercare – which mustn’t be overlooked!
#JanuAIRWAY 3/5 ImageImage
Read 5 tweets
Jan 23
#JanuAIRWAY Day 23 (the final stretch!). Malacias and SVC Obstruction. Here's a pair of #OnePagers to get started..
#JanuAIRWAY 1/10
What are malacias? = rare dynamic airway obstruction - (congenital / acquired) due to loss of cartilaginous support
Decreased intratracheal pressure + increased intrathoracic pressure lead to airway compression
Severity is proportional to expiratory force
#JanuAIRWAY 2/10
Issues
Obstruction can occur even if aymptomatic
Maintain spont. Vent. if poss
Emergency management =+ve pressure (splint airways open) or bypass obstruction
Surgery depends on location / extent
Extubate deep (avoid coughing) or directly to CPAP
#JanuAIRWAY 3/10
Read 10 tweets
Jan 22
#JanuAIRWAY Day 22. Airway Obstruction – Infraglottic (intrathoracic). Again, presents its own set of challenges. Let’s dive in … Here's a #OnePager (Ft. expert contribution Sadie Khwaja @ENT_UK )
#JanuAIRWAY 1/7
Issues:
- Upper/Mid lesions usually low risk – ETT may pass beyond
- Low tracheal/Bronchial lesions = high risk, best managed in specialist centres
- CT scan = essential
- Sudden obstruction can occur at ANY time
- Potential compression of heart/vessels
#JanuAIRWAY 2/7
Severe Obstruction:
- Check position patient breaths best in
- Spont vent may help, IPPV may cause airway collapse
- Opinion re: IV vs inhalational = mixed
- Ketamine ?preserves chest wall tone
- Need back up plan
- Consider Heliox/bypass/ECMO before starting
#JanuAIRWAY 3/7
Read 7 tweets
Jan 21
And just like that we’re 3 weeks into #JanuAIRWAY. Here’s your week 3 round up!

Day 15 – Tracheostomies

Day 16 – CICO Needle Techniques

Day 17 – CICO Scalpel Techniques


#JanuAIRWAY 1/4
Day 21 – The Obstructed Airway: Infraglottic Extrathoracic

Week 4 starts tomorrow continuing the theme of obstructed airways with Infraglottic Intrathoracic Obstruction. See you then!

#JanuAIRWAY 3/4
Read 4 tweets
Jan 21
#JanuAIRWAY Day 21. Airway Obstruction – Infraglottic (extrathoracic). Presents a unique set of challenges. Let’s dive in … Here's a #OnePager
#JanuAIRWAY 1/6
Physiology
- Theory=fixed lesion unaffected by respiratory cycle / anaesthesia induction (most have dynamic element)
- Extrathoracic lesions usually better in expiration +ve pressure splints airway open
- Lets’ revisit flow-volume loops as they can be helpful
#JanuAIRWAY 2/6
Issues:
- Laryngoscopy likely to be uneffected. However, major concern = inability to pass ETT atraumatically beyond the level of obstruction
- Nasendoscopy can be useful to view lesion
- AFOI/FOI may cause ‘cork in bottle’ effect depending on lesion size/location
#JanuAIRWAY 3/6
Read 6 tweets
Jan 20
#JanuAIRWAY Day 20. Airway Obstruction – Periglottic. Often the most challenging for the general anaesthetist. Let’s dive in … Here's a #OnePager
#JanuAIRWAY 1/6 Image
Issues:
- Must d/w with ENT colleagues
- Preop nasendoscopy by experienced nasendoscopist = essential
- AFOI may worsen obstruction – cork in bottle
- Inhalational induction may be difficult

Key Q's
- Static or dynamic obstruction?
- Will ETT pass?
#JanuAIRWAY 2/6
Options:
- May be able to pass ETT – consider MLT or jet vent.
- Apnoeic (HFNO) or intermittent oxygenation technique depending on type of surgery (elective/emergent)
- Awake Tracheal Intubation
- Transtracheal catheter (+/- jet ventilation)
- Awake tracheostomy
#JanuAIRWAY 3/6
Read 6 tweets

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