@Ligandal is honored to be featured on @CrisprMedicine's list of Companies to Follow in 2022!

There are many companies that have various gene editing materials, and a small subset of companies that specialize in delivery of the gene editing, gene-reprogramming instructions.
See the full list here!
crisprmedicinenews.com/companies/
In order to create the next generation of precision genetic medicine, a number of approaches will have to be used to engineer cells, tissue and organs to be free of disease states or programmed to carry out specific functions, such as killing cancer cells.
Delivery remains a major bottleneck, and Ligandal is one of the only delivery companies featured in this list! Without next-gen delivery, applications for genetic medicine remain mostly limited to applications in the liver, eye, and direct injections as well as engineering cells.

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More from @nanogenomic

Jan 19
How does light exposure affect circadian rhythms and sleep cycles? This review article provides an analysis of many studies exploring the effects of different wavelengths and durations of light exposure on sleep. I was curious about blue vs. red-orange:

tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.108…
“Appleman et al. (2013) conducted a 12-day study where 21 subjects, randomly divided into two groups, received either short-wavelength (blue, peak 476 nm) light for 2h in the morning and light filtered (<535 nm) with orange-tinted glasses for 3h in the evening (advance group)…”
“…or at opposite times, that is orange-tinted glasses in the morning and blue light in the evening (delay group). Subjects kept their normal schedule for the first 5d and received morning and evening light exposures the following 7d in addition to a fixed sleep schedule…”
Read 8 tweets
Jan 13
EXPONENTIAL THINKING

…and why it is so important to understand with pandemics…

🧵
Some basic math on exponents:
y = x(r^n)
d = x(r^n)/c

If r is # of people infected per case (R0)
x is starting # of cases
n is number of exponential infection increases
1/c is fraction of cases leading to death

Then y is cases at time point n and d is deaths at time point n.
People must understand that cases increasing exponentially more (e.g. if r is twice as high between omicron and delta / wildtype) means that half, quarter or even 1/10th lethality per case will yield more deaths than if this exponent isn’t in place.
Read 6 tweets
Dec 31, 2021
We can do better.
I am an optimistic realist. I believe in our capacity to harness technology to improve the world and offset almost any kind of problem. The progress of scientific innovation is stunning and there is much to be grateful for. However, it is not a time to pat ourselves on the back.
Two years in, and messages like this were swiftly ignored and continue to be downplayed. We are not through the woods yet.
Read 8 tweets
Dec 30, 2021
Here is a comparison of actual Walgreens stock with what happens when you try to buy a rapid test for COVID. Impossible to do with @Uber, @Postmates, or @Instacart. Thousands of extra tests could be delivered in San Francisco if delivery services updated their catalogues.
Actual catalogue (<500 Abbott tests available in all of San Francisco Walgreens)
Rapid tests aren’t even SHOWN on the list of items that can be ordered.
Read 5 tweets
Dec 28, 2021
Spent several hours today attempting to get a rapid test. Tried Instacart, which failed, then went to Walgreens, Safeway, called two CVSes, checked online catalogues and attempted to see in-store inventories at each pharmacy, and finally was able to schedule a test at a clinic.
The test is tomorrow, and I have to walk to the clinic again, at which point the results will take 48-72 hours to turn around.
While on the East Coast for most of this year, testing was much easier. Resources existed for free next-day PCR text delivery, and NYC had pop-up testing sites everywhere.
Read 4 tweets

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