Ed Conway Profile picture
Feb 3 9 tweets 4 min read
Landmark day in the cost of living crisis:
- Ofgem to confirm energy bills will go up by £hundreds from Apr
- @bankofengland expected to raise interest rates further
- New forecasts showing inflation to hit highest level since early ‘90s
- Chancellor to step in with £££ measures
According to my calculations, the rise in the energy price cap to around £2k will push up the energy bill burden (eg share of average household spending going on heat/power) to the highest level since the late 1980s:
If they go up further later this yr, as is widely expected, the energy bill burden gets to the highest level since at least the 1970s. Possibly even earlier. Eg in terms of the immediate domestic impact this could be worse than any modern energy crisis
The great problem is that it’s not just energy: taxes are also going up in April (Health & social care levy; more being dragged into higher tax brackets). And mortgage rates are getting more expensive. Roughly 40% of the average household’s costs are going up:
And while those increases are painful for everyone, they are unbearable for the lowest income groups, for whom an increase in all these non-discretionary costs is far greater.
So while the top 10% could see bills representing 4% of spending, for the bottom 10% it’s 13% or more
For more about the backdrop to this, do watch this video I made a week or two running through the numbers. It’s a wee bit longer than our usual ones but a) this is a big issue b) it contains all the key charts on the impact of this on households
This is part of a much bigger issue, which is that the cost of energy, which infuses pretty much every activity in domestic and industrial life, is close to unprecedented highs
This is not a side issue
It’s everything
Consider how closely energy consumption & GDP are correlated:
Or consider food prices.
Going up rapidly too.
But food prices are high in large part because the cost of a) transporting and b) fertilising those foodstuffs. Both a and b are dependent on ENERGY.
Most fertiliser is made with natural gas!
Most roads lead back to energy…
Nomura's @georgebuckley forecasts that this year UK households will face a fall in their real incomes as big as the very worst year of the post-financial crisis squeeze.
And NB this is BEFORE you add on the impact of higher taxes and interest rates

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More from @EdConwaySky

Feb 3
🚨NEW 🚨
Bank of England says UK households must brace themselves for the biggest annual fall in their standard of living since comparable records began three decades ago, as it:
- Raises interest rates to 0.5%
- Says inflation will surpass 7%
- Slashes GDP forecast
According to the Bank’s calculations, real post-tax labour income - perhaps the best measure of standards of living since it accounts for the rising tax burden as well as inflation and earnings - will fall by 2% in 2022
Biggest fall since comparable records began in 1990
The MPC voted 5-4 in favour of raising interest rates from 0.25% to 0.5%. But those four dissenting members wanted a hike to 0.75%.
So households will have to contend with higher borrowing costs as well as higher taxes, energy, goods and services prices.
Read 8 tweets
Jan 19
NEW: UK benchmark inflation rate rises to highest level since 1992. Consumer Prices Index hit 5.4% in Dec, up from 5.1% in Nov and way above @bankofengland 2% target ons.gov.uk/economy/inflat…
Two questions: first, how high will CPI get in the coming months? @bankofengland said 6% but many economists think 7%.
Second, how soon does BoE raise int rates again? Could be as soon as next meeting in Feb (prob up from 0.25% to 0.5% so still v v low by historical standards)
The point here (and this can't be emphasised enough) is that this 30yr high in inflation is happening BEFORE the impact of a record increase in energy bills which, as I ran through in this thread last night, will squeeze households even further
Read 5 tweets
Jan 18
THREAD: Could the current energy crisis be even worse than the 1970s oil price shock? Given the legendary status of that event it might seem like a preposterous question. But we’ve crunched the numbers on this and they’re not pretty…
Before we get to the data it’s perhaps worth splitting up the 1970s comparison into two parts: first, the financial impact on households.
Second, the impact on the wider economy: shutdowns, three days weeks and so on. Let’s deal with household finances first.
It so happens the UK has an excellent set of statistics on what the “average” household spends its money on each year. £588 a week Everything from restaurants, culture, food/drink, mortgage payments, council tax, income tax and, of course energy bills: a quick guided tour here:
Read 17 tweets
Jan 12
Back in 2014 the UK population was projected to be closing in on 75m by 2040.
Latest projections, released today, suggest we’ll have barely more than 70m people by then.
This is a big change.
Some will argue it’s good news. Others bad.
Either way, it’s enormously consequential.
According to the latest official population projections, the UK’s total fertility rate is now 1.59 (long term average of children per woman).
Down from 1.78 in 2018. BIG drop taking it down from comfortably above the OECD avg to below it (tho OECD avg will prob also fall too).
Blimey.
While overall UK population is projected to rise for the foreseeable future, @ONS projections say the Scottish population has now nearly peaked and will be falling quite rapidly by the middle of the century.
Whether this turns out to be right or not, it’s quite a chart.
Read 4 tweets
Jan 10
How many people have died in this country since the beginning of the pandemic?
How does the toll compare with history?
And was 2021 any “better” for mortality than 2020?
Now that we have nearly all the data from 2021 it’s time for an update🧵
Let’s begin with the official death toll, as portrayed on the @UKHSA gov.uk dashboard.
This recently passed 150k and while the numbers are much lower day-by-day than in previous periods, the seven day avg hasn’t dropped below 100 since August. Ugh
But the official toll (150k) is not the only one.
There’s also the ONS toll, based on the no of death certificates where Covid is mentioned: 175k
This overstates it since 10%ish are primarily from other causes.
Then there’s excess deaths (deaths from all causes vs 5yr avg): 151k
Read 16 tweets
Jan 9
It is the great paradox of addressing climate change: in order to go green we may have to do MORE dirty things: burning fossil fuels, digging stuff out of the ground.
The thing we want to escape is the very thing we need to help us escape.
We are not talking enough about this! 🧵
Let’s start by pondering a couple of recent contentious decisions: the first was the decision to shelve the Cambo oilfield in the Shetlands. Shell recently pulled out. The project may not go ahead reuters.com/business/energ…
There are engineering reasons why Cambo might not have made sense: it’s quite distant/deep and the crude is quite “heavy” meaning you need to heat it, and hence expend a lot of energy/carbon to get it to shore. But there was also much political opposition huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/everythi…
Read 28 tweets

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