David Perell Profile picture
Feb 17 16 tweets 4 min read
Imitate, then Innovate is my motto for improving at any skill.

Thread:
It’s counterintuitive, but the more we imitate others, the faster we can discover our unique style.

Modern creators do the opposite though.

They stubbornly insist on originality, which they hold as their highest virtue — even when it comes at the expense of quality.
What does productive imitation look like?

Look at Quentin Tarantino. When people think of him, they see a singular talent for making original movies.

But he's famous for building upon scenes from other movies, and once said: “I steal from every single movie ever made.”
From Tarantino, we learn that creators consume art differently from consumers.

Directors watch movies not just to be entertained, but also to see how they’re made.

Watching helps them develop their own mental Pinterest board of ideas to borrow and build upon in their own work.
George Lucas is another productive imitator.

To create Star Wars, he built upon the teachings of Joseph Cambell. In order to align the story with motifs that’d reverberated through so many human cultures, Lucas re-wrote his draft of Star Wars to align it with Cambell’s work.
We've long known that humans are imitative creatures.

The etymology of the word “imitate” is one of my favorites. During the time of Shakespeare, the word “ape” meant both “primate” and “imitate.”

Maybe the etymology indicates that knowledge of imitation is core to who we are.
The twin rise of the printing press and mass schooling, led us to disproportionately value knowledge that could be shared in textbooks.

The transmission of technique and tacit knowledge, both of which are best learned through imitation, was lost in the process.
When should you embrace imitative learning?

The more you’re drawn to learning the skill on YouTube, the more you’ll benefit from imitative learning. “YouTube skills” are usually hard to describe in words.

Nobody learns to dance by reading a textbook.
I once met a painting coach who tells students to copy their favorite artists.

At first, students resist.

In response, the coach tells them to listen for friction. “Do you hear that resistance? It’s the whisper of your unique style.”

Through imitation, we discover our voice.
Imitation helps all kinds of craftsmen.

It’s what Kobe Bryant was doing when he studied and adopted the moves of history’s greatest basketball players.

In fact, Kobe once said: “I seriously have stolen all my moves from the greatest players.”

Sigmund Freud is known as one of the most original psychologists in history, but most people aren’t aware of how much he pulled from Nietzche.

Concepts like repression, instinctual drives, the unconscious mind, and the symbolism of dreams are rooted in Nietzche’s work.
When people conflate copying for imitation, we end up with a homogeneity of style that robs society of individualism.

Today, patterns of blind imitation are most evident in the design industry where it seems like every Fortune 500 company is using the same caricature drawings.
With social media, the effects of imitation are more pernicious.

The platforms incentivize a homogenous creative style.

Twitter rewards short sentences and bold, aggressive statements. YouTube rewards fast-paced and high-energy videos that are nothing like your average movie.
How can "Imitate, then Innovate" make you a better creator?

1) Find people you admire and deconstruct their style.

2) Remember that pursuing originality too directly can paralyze you creatively.

3) Pursue loftier ends than originality — such as usefulness, beauty, or quality.
If you want to learn more about this theory, I just published a long-form essay about it.

Ideas that aren't mentioned in the thread:

∙ What I learned from Leonardo da Vinci
∙ The two kinds of imitation
∙ Lessons from @patrickc and Stripe

perell.com/essay/imitate-…
If you're ready to improve your writing, sign up for my free 50-day email series.

I'll teach you the basics of online writing and help you implement the "Imitate, then Innovate" method.

ageofleverage.com/50-days-of-wri…

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More from @david_perell

Feb 16
Here's what the future of education looks like:

1. Teaching will become an extremely lucrative profession. Salaries will follow a power law. The best teachers will make millions of dollars per year and teach thousands of students every year. In fact, this is already happening.
2. Mass market courses will have Hollywood-level production budgets.

People who teach mass-market subjects like statistics and economics will attract millions of students. Teaching at scale will give them the financial resources to invest in high-end graphics and production.
3. Classes will be big and small.

The education industry is obsessed with the "average class size metric." People think that smaller is always better. Not true. You want scale when you're delivering lectures so you can invest in production. At other times, you want small groups.
Read 11 tweets
Feb 2
My favorite business frameworks:
Strong Culture, Fewer Rules

When a culture is tight-knit, people don't need to be told what to do explicitly. They just copy what everybody else does, which allows them to be entrepreneurial.

But weak cultures need many precise rules to keep people in check.

(Source: Airbnb)
Christensen's Disruptive Innovation Framework

Innovators win market share when they serve a segment of the market that is over-served by incumbents.

Startups offer the exact level of product or service they need and use this wedge to expand market share.

(Source: @SahilBloom)
Read 14 tweets
Jan 30
Why you should write in public:
1. Attract friends and business partners.

It's hard to meet people as passionate about learning as you are.

But when you publish your ideas, you attract people who think like you.

The more niche the topic, the easier it is to attract people on your intellectual wavelength.
2. Writing helps you understand yourself.

All of us have unprocessed feelings and emotions. Writing is the best way to identify what's making you uncomfortable. By writing, you gain clarity in your life.

The increased clarity you receive reduces stress and anxiety in your life.
Read 12 tweets
Jan 18
If you're feeling stuck in your professional life, start writing online.

Here's how it can accelerate your career:
1. Building a Network:

Writing shrinks the world.

Historically, if you wanted to break into an industry, you had to move to its hub. Not anymore. By writing online, you can build a network from your couch.

Meet people online. Then travel to build relationships in person.
2. Building Expertise:

Quality writing begins with clear thinking.

Once you write about a topic, you can speak about it more clearly, which will help you crush job interviews and establish yourself as an authority.

Learn about topics that interest you and share what you learn.
Read 10 tweets
Jan 10
The Inversion of Censorship:
The 20th century had two iconic dystopian novelists: George Orwell and Aldous Huxley.

Everybody knows Orwell's book: 1984. He outlined a dystopian future where censorship comes from banned books and ideas. Without access to truth, people would be passive and easily manipulated.
Orwell's vision became the standard.

Growing up, my book fairs had a "banned books" section. We were rightly encouraged to read them and explore suppressed ideas.

The lesson: In a world of information scarcity, banning information is the most effective form of thought control.
Read 15 tweets
Jan 4
Laws of the Internet:
1. Creators are Rewarded: It's basically free to produce and distribute ideas now. Take advantage of that. When you share ideas online, you attract an audience of like-minded people who become friends and business partners. But passive consumers don't receive the same benefits.
2. Creation is Cheap: Joe Rogan is basically a one-man show. He doesn't have an expensive headquarters in the middle of Manhattan. Instead, he has a humble studio in Austin. With a couple of microphones, he has more reach than most big-name media companies.

(h/t @APompliano) Image
Read 13 tweets

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