Thread by @michelle_furlow

Good morning! In about 10 minutes, we will be expanding on our discussion of Individual Causes of Delinquency by looking at #gender & #delinquency

I look forward to your questions & following along. How do you identify?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley

The term #gender is complex, so what elements of delinquency are we going to examine in this discussion?

We are going to try to answer the question as to why gender differences are significant in the study of delinquency

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley

I think it is essential to acknowledge that gender identity is much more complex than differences between male & female offending



@KidsHelplineAU
#CRJ107 #MoraineValley

It is also significant to mark than upwards of 50% of current adolescents, aka #GenerationZ, consider traditional gender identities to be out of date

them.us/story/gen-z-st…

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley

Out of curiosity, what generation do you identify?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency #Chapter04

And do you personally know someone who's gender identity is not cis-gender?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency #Chapter04

For those of you in the "Generation X" or older, like me, here's a quick cheat sheet to get caught up on what the kids today are talking about regarding gender identity (of course, it's NOT an age thing!)

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency #Chapter04

An understanding of #gender differences in the study of delinquency is important because of the need to answer the following gender-related questions

Why are females less likely than men to be involved in most crimes?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Then we have to alternately ask ... are males more crime-prone than females?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Of course, what about those who do not identify one single, specific gender?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

What explains gender differences in rates of offending?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

If you haven't seen in the past, we have discussed #FeministCriminology in my #CRJ105 #Criminology course, here's a refresher:

https://twitter.com/michelle_furlow/status/1377037954976210946?s=20

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Chesney-Lind proposed that the study of delinquency often gender-biased, meaning that most the predominant theories are preoccupied with the delinquency of males.

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

One of the first areas of examination has been the #genderratio perspective

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

The Gender Ratio in offending proposes in treating gender as a key element of social organization rather than an individual trait

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

An example of this would be considering that women are more likely than men to live in poverty.

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Gender roles impact male and female delinquents in different ways

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Traditionally, we've seen that girls develop their identity in relation to other people, whereas boys develop their identity in relation to the world

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Could this be part of the reason that today's youth are pushing back on how they see their own gender identity and how they relate to the world?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Historically, in regards to gender roles, girls resolve conflicts based on relationships, whereas boys resolve conflict based on rules

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Gender is a social construction in which children are socialized into gender arrangements

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Research has identified different vulnerabilities and protective factors in girls

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Victimization, unstable family life, school failure, repeated status offenses, and mental health and substance abuse problems are common characteristics of the female offender

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

The feminist theory of delinquency states that adolescent females’ victimization at home causes them to become delinquent and that this fact has been systematically ignored

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Explanations of female delinquency initially suggested that females have certain biological characteristics or psychological tendencies that made them more receptive to certain kinds of delinquency

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Five general categories have been considered:
(1) stress and anxiety,
(2) ADHD and conduct disorder,
(3) intellectual deficits,
(4) early pubertal maturation, and
(5) mental health issues

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

More recent efforts to understand why females offend have focused on how troublesome adolescent females are the product of a male-led patriarchal society

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Today, sociological factors have generally dominated the explanation of female delinquency.

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Are gender-specific explanations for delinquency and crime are even needed?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

The #feminist theory of delinquency holds that #gender bias influences the processing of female delinquents, and that it leads to #discriminatory treatment within the juvenile justice system

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Seven expressions of #FeministCriminology examining delinquency:
~liberal,
~phenomenological,
~socialist,
~Marxist,
~radical,
~third-wave,
~and postmodern

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Girls’ victimization and their response to that victimization are shaped by their status as young women

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Gender bias examines society’s disapproval of sexual activity results in discriminatory treatment of juvenile offenders

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Multiple forms of oppression which suggests that #gender, #class and #race are interlocking and the whole is greater than the parts of inequality

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

There is some really worthwhile discussion demonstrating that #gender #class & #race have incredibly complicated relationships

Women's Suffrage Leaders Left Out Black Women: teenvogue.com/story/womens-s…

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Nadine Burke Harris highlights how childhood trauma can resonate through a lifetime



#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency
@TEDTalks

A Gender-Responsive Policy Approach focuses on effective interventions that address the intersecting issues of substance abuse, trauma, mental health, and economic oppression, and focus on relationships with family

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Jackson Katz is baffled by how gender roles affect young men, as men tend to be more likely to be violent perpetrators

ted.com/talks/jackson_…

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

We do have to consider that we know very little about how gender identity and conformity influences delinquency

ted.com/talks/angela_k…

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Especially considering that transgender and non-binary youth are a much greater risk of victimization

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Some follow-up @TEDTalks
that highlight some of the key concepts we only touched on in this discussion

Teach girls bravery, not perfection | Reshma Saujani



#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

To raise brave girls, encourage adventure | Caroline Paul



@TEDTalks

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Girl Up: The Secrets to an Extraordinary Life | Courtney Ferrell | TEDxRVA



@TEDxRVA

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Why I'm done trying to be "man enough" - Justin Baldoni - @TEDWomen

ted.com/talks/justin_b…

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

How movies teach manhood - Colin Stokes - @TEDxBeaconSt

ted.com/talks/colin_st…

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

I'd like to put together a more in-depth look at how socialization of young boys affects their perception of masculinity. Would there be interest?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

Do you believe that how we socialize children into their perceived gender could affect delinquency?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

What was most surprising about today's discussion regarding gender & delinquency?

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And if I could learn a little bit more about you, what brought you to this thread today?

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

How would you grade my discussion on gender & delinquency today?

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As there is still a lot I'm learning about younger generations views on gender, I welcome ALL feedback

#CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

And if you made it this far, share with me something that helped shape your own identity. I shared with my Criminology students that learning how to ride a motorcycle influenced me (and challenged ideas on gender roles!) #CRJ107 #MoraineValley #GenderAndDelinquency

@UnrollHelper