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Satyendra Dhar, MD SFHM

@DharSaty

Feb 12, 2023

Sensitivity and Specificity:

The question is:👇

In a study, 200 of the 300 people with the disease had a positive test & 500 of the 700 people without the disease had a negative test

HOW TO DO CALCULATIONS: 👇

The first & important step is to prepare:

🙋‍♂️2 x 2 TABLE

1/n

From the 👇table we gather that:

True Positive (TP) = 200
False Positive (FP) = 200
False Negative (FN) = 100
True Negative (TN) = 500

2/n

Sensitivity =
TP/TP+FN x 100
= 200/200+100 x100
= 66.7%

Specificity =
TN/FP+TN X 100
= 500/200+500 X 100
= 71.4%

Positive Predictive Value (PPV)=
TP/TP+FP X 100
=200/200+200 X 100
= 50%

Negative Predictive Value (NPV)=
TN/FN+TN X 100
= 500/500+100 X 100
= 83.3%

3/n

Read 5 tweets

Satyendra Dhar, MD SFHM

@DharSaty

Feb 10, 2023

Sensitivity and Specificity ??

what is sensitivity?
what is specificity?

👇👇

Well, both are measures of a test’s 👉validity.

👉Remember:

🙋‍♂️SNOUT
SeNsitive test with a Negative result rules OUTthe disease

🙋‍♂️SPIN
Specific test with a Positive result rules INthe disease.

1/n

👉Sensitivity

✔️Ability to detect people who do have the disease.
✔️Used for screening or ruling out disease.
✔️TP/TP+FN (%)

👉Specificity

✔️Ability to detect people who do not have the disease.
✔️Used to confirm or Rule in the existence of a disease.
✔️TN/FP+TN (%)
2/n

Clinical use:

👉HIGHLY SENSITIVE test should be used first, which guarantees the detection of all cases of the disease.

Followed by👇

👉HIGHLY SPECIFIC test to eliminate the false-positive results.

Question time:👇👇

3/n

Read 4 tweets

Satyendra Dhar, MD SFHM

@DharSaty

Apr 2, 2022

Nail Findings &Associated Conditions

Change in color, texture, or shape can be harmless, but may suggest an underlying systemic disease. /1

#MedTwitter #MedEd #USMLE #FOAMed #hospitalist #mbbs #medicine #doctor
#medschool #MedStudentTwitter #medstudent #TwitterRx
👇
See 👇👇

Common Nail pathologies 👇👇👇👇 part -I
/2

Common nail pathology Part-II
⬇️⬇️👇👇⬇️⬇️⬇️

/3

Read 6 tweets

Satyendra Dhar, MD SFHM

@DharSaty

Apr 1, 2022

Duration of Antibiotic Therapy
Deciding on the duration of antimicrobial therapy for an infection is neither straightforward nor simple. 👇
#MedTwitter #MedEd #USMLE #FOAMed #hospitalist #mbbs #medicine #doctor
#medschool #MedStudentTwitter #medstudent #TwitterRx
🔽👇🔽🔽👇

/1

Most ID guidelines are based- either expert opinions or evidence-based medicine. Historically, duration of ABX Rx were based on arbitrary extension of days(magic numbers like 7, 10 & 14 days) rather than on reliable evidence with the main aim to ⬇️ failures & avoid underRx.

/2

There is growing evidence to support for shorter courses. It is important for prescribers to be up to date with best practices. Duration of therapy plays a pivotal role in antimicrobial stewardship programme within the global effort to optimize antibiotic use &⬇️resistance.

/3

Read 26 tweets

Satyendra Dhar, MD SFHM

@DharSaty

Mar 31, 2022

LASIX and HF
👇👇👇👇
#MedTwitter #MedEd #USMLE #FOAMed #hospitalist #mbbs #medicine #doctor

👇👇👇

/1

4-chloro-N-(2-furyl-methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-anthranilic acid, member of the sulfa’s. Potent natriuretic drug, inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
Direct Vd effects results in its therapeutic effectiveness in the Rx of acute pulm edema.

/2

Vasodilation leads to reduced responsiveness to vasoconstrictors, such as angiotensin II and noradrenaline, and decreased production of endogenous natriuretic hormones with vasoconstricting properties.

/3

Read 15 tweets

Satyendra Dhar, MD SFHM

@DharSaty

Mar 26, 2022

@ImproveDX

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA):

Gram-negative bacillus found widely in nature, in soil and water.
/1

#MedTwitter #MedEd #USMLE #FOAMed #hospitalist #mbbs #medicine #doctor @ImproveDX

The genus Pseudomonas >140 species,> saprophytic & >25 species are associated with humans. Most known to cause disease in humans are associated with opportunistic infections.

⬆️ MR : ⬇️ host defenses, resistance to ABX & production of extracellular enzymes & toxins.
/2

Often found in water in sinks & can contaminate respiratory equipment, which can serve as an environmental reservoir, especially in ICUs. Is the most serious pathogen causing ventilator-associated pneumonia & remains the most important pathogen in patients with CF.
/3

Read 15 tweets

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