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Holocaust Education Profile picture
@UCL_Holocaust
Apr 19, 2022 • 7 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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OTD in April 1943 the #WarsawGhettoUprising began. When German troops & auxiliaries entered the ghetto to deport the remaining c.60,000 inhabitants they found themselves in what appeared to be a deserted space. Then once far enough inside, the German force was ambushed. 1/7
Jewish resistors, led by Mordechai Anielewitz, who'd gone into hiding on discovering the German plan in advance - attacked with flaming missiles. Isolated & unprepared, the German force had no choice but to retreat with embarrassment. This set a pattern for the days to come. 2/7
Humiliated & increasingly frustrated, the Germans changed their tactics. Under the command of SS Major Stroop a new approach was employed, with assault squads targeting key ghetto buildings & then setting them ablaze before withdrawing.
Learn more: encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/art…
3/7
By the end of April, much of the ghetto was engulfed in flames. The tide was turning in the Germans favour. Yet still those who could, held out. Months of planning & a refusal to go passively to their deaths meant the Jewish resistors held out far longer than anyone expected. 4/7
Eventually, through good fortune & brutal attrition, the resistance was broken. On May 16 the Germans took full control of the ghetto. To mark the moment, Stroop personally detonated explosives under Warsaw's Great Synagogue; the ghetto was destroyed & reduced to rubble. 5/7
The Uprising was defeated. Officially, Stroop reported that 56,065 Jews had been 'dealt with'. Yet symbolically, the men, women & children who made up that number were victorious. Against insurmountable odds they had sent a message that echoed loud & wide, then & now. 6/7
There are many themes, topics & issues raised by the #WarsawGhettoUprising. We can help you explore these. You'll find self-guided materials for students holocausteducation.org.uk/teacher-resour… & you can use our pioneering textbook 'Understanding the Holocaust' to learn more. 7/7

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More from @UCL_Holocaust

Holocaust Education Profile picture
Apr 19
OTD in April 1943 the Warsaw ghetto uprising began. When German troops and auxiliaries entered the ghetto to deport the remaining c.60,000 inhabitants they found themselves in what appeared to be a deserted space.
But once it was far enough inside the Germans were ambushed. 1/8 Image
Jewish resistors, led by Mordechai Anielewitz-who had gone into hiding on discovering the German plan in advance-attacked with flaming missiles. Isolated & unprepared, the German force had no choice but to retreat with embarrassment. This set a pattern for the days to come. 2/8 Image
Humiliated & increasingly frustrated, the Germans changed tactics. Under the command of SS Major Stroop a new approach was employed, with assault squads targeting key buildings in the ghetto & then setting them ablaze before withdrawing. Learn more: 3/8encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/art…
Read 8 tweets
Holocaust Education Profile picture
Jul 22, 2022
OTD in 1942 life for the inhabitants of the Warsaw ghetto took a perilous turn. At 10am Herman Höfle, a leading Nazi in occupied Poland, met with the Jewish Council. They were instructed to issue a decree, which Höfle dictated. The decree was to announce a new initiative. 1/15 RT
According to the opening words of the decree 'all Jewish persons living in Warsaw, regardless of age & sex, will be resettled in the East'. Deportees were allowed to take 15kg of property & food for 3 days. The process was to begin just an hour later, at 11am. 2/15
The decree indicated that some people were to be exempted from deportation, including among others those used for labour by a German company, working for the Jewish Council or Police, & hospital staff. For everyone else, the intention was 'resettlement'. 3/15
Read 15 tweets
Holocaust Education Profile picture
Jun 9, 2022
Throughout June we mark Pride Month.

Thanks to @HolocaustMuseum we are able to share Friedrich-Paul von Groszheim's story. In 1937 he was among 230 men in Lübeck arrested by SS under Nazi-revised criminal code, Paragraph 175.
RT 1/4
'I was imprisoned for 10 months...In 1938 I was re-arrested, humiliated, & tortured. The Nazis finally released me, but only on the condition that I agree to be castrated. I submitted to the operation.' 2/4
'Because of the nature of my operation, I was rejected as "physically unfit" when I came up for military service in 1940. In 1943 I was arrested again... The Nazis imprisoned me as a political prisoner in... Neuengamme concentration camp'. 3/4
Read 4 tweets
Holocaust Education Profile picture
Dec 18, 2021
On #MigrantsDay consider exploring w/students the complex history of HMT Empire #Windrush. The story of this ship - now so iconic in British culture & society - begins not in 1948, but in Hamburg in 1930. Then known as #MonteRosa, the ship was originally a cruise ship...1/4 RT
...which, on occasions, visited London. Repurposed for military means during WW2, the ship was used at one point to transport Norwegian Jews to the continental mainland, for deportation to Auschwitz-Birkenau. After being seized by the British in 1945 the ship was renamed... 2/4
...the #Windrush in 1946. Today this complicated history isn't common knowledge. Yet the story of poses timeless Qs: how & why people move (& are moved) in time & space; what we remember & what we forget; & how difficult histories overlap & intersect w/each other. 3/4
Read 4 tweets
Holocaust Education Profile picture
Dec 17, 2021
This week we draw our second run of the #MOOC to a close, & would like to take some time to reflect on some of the successes.
Firstly, we were delighted at the international reach of the MOOC & being able to network with teachers from every inhabited continent! 1/5 RT @soper_mr Image
We have now had over 3,415 teachers from across the world as participants on the #MOOC, in partnership with @yadvashem! We are so pleased that the Centre’s research & resources has been able to reach such a huge number of teachers in the #globalclassroom 2/5 RT Image
Centre staff @hmccord78 & @soper_mr joined @yadvashem colleagues @Sandrachinos & Asaf to teach on the course, joining lively conversations on fundamental questions of Holocaust history & pedagogy. 3/5 RT Image
Read 5 tweets

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