1) The TB issue is huge in India because

1. TB can invade every organ system with a bewildering array of manifestations --> requires great diagnostic skills.

2. Dx methods like microscopy and even PCR often fail in case of paucibacillary disease.

3. Serology = useless
2)

4. The interaction between the TB bacillus and the immune system is complex.

Why some people can contain it within granuloma and why it spreads hematogenously in others --> this is not well known.

Research is less focused here since TB is not a First World problem.
3)
5. ATD is hepatotoxic (among others) and relies on the same 1st line drugs since the 1950s --> HIV appeared in 1981 but we already have more drugs than we can handle. PLHIV are now dying of ASCVD, like the gen popn!

Why?

Because HIV was a 1st world problem.
4) Patient compliance is less of an issue if you allow the NTEP to handle treatment.

Socioeconomic status is a major but not the only determinant of TB.

Even rich people can get it, especially in the era of biologic therapy.
5) The epidemiology of disease changes all the time.

Don't let your cognition be biased by what you have read in Park years earlier.

Things are not always what they seem!
@nihardesai7
@anujtiwari11
@drdevrad
@Dr_samz
@freezethawed

All clinicians are welcome to provide their opinion!

#MedTwitter
#Tuberculosis

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More from @AdiG1993

Jul 18
1) I counselled a junior of mine today.

She was not happy with her PG subject and wanted to leave it and sit for NEET PG again.

I listened to her for nearly an hour and what did I realize?
2) She has very little idea of how tough the real world of medicine is.

Most of our viewpoints, prior to residency are derived from people who are in the same soup like us!

I love passion, but I love reality more.
3) NEET PG is hard and getting harder every year --> the competition is intense --> our parental support is also dwindling away.

You can't afford to sit and while away your days unless you have a trust fund!

Please think realistically!
Read 4 tweets
Jul 18
1) Unpopular opinion

Many people think that a degree, especially one in the medical field owes you a cushy job with perks and benefits.

Frankly, those days are over.
2)

Degrees in isolation are becoming redundant.

You need to be knowledgeable and skilled.

Performance will be your only asset.
3) The days of pensions and gratuities sustaining you till the end of days --> they are not coming back.

A huge pension bill (due to medical inflation and long life expectancy) has ensured that from now on, most jobs will be contractualized.
Read 6 tweets
Jul 17
1) Recently I was asked whether there is an alternative to Harrison? --> I really don't think there is.

Why?

Because the book does a really good job of encapsulating gen med within its volumes SUBJECT to certain limitations of course.
2) I am committing heresy here by saying that it may have alternatives --> but its actually a question of which style suits you best.

Some prefer POC resources like UTD, some like YT and some prefer a traditional textbook.

The info is more or less the same.
3) I used this book to look up several topics --> well edited and written. But the approaches seem to be a bit weaker than Harrison. But since you will have to make your own --> that is not a problem. You may try this!
Read 4 tweets
Jul 16
1) Somebody just asked me about the management of scorpion bite --> something I have never dealt with before.

Apparently, they are divided by species and by presentation --> autonomic storm/neuromuscular toxicity or DIC!

India --> Mesobuthus spp --> autonomic storm!
2) How did I learn all this within 5 minutes?

UpTodate.

The single most important resource for internists everywhere.

I love textbooks, but this is the digital age.
3) Textbooks will help you with the deep diving but for POC medicine where time is of the essence and you need high fidelity, organized information --> you will need UpToDate.

Unpopular opinion and @stethospeaks may skewer may for this --> but this is what I stand by!
Read 4 tweets
Jul 16
The best ECG resources for the budding internist

1. Goldberger
2. LITFL
3. Dr Amal Mattu's lectures PRN

I found Schamroth and Marriot pretty tedious unless you are planning on doing cardio.

Your opinions please.

#MedTwitter
Please don't practice 1 ECG a day --> The ECG without clinical context is like Top Gun without fighter jets --> useless!

Sinus tachy by itself --> meh.
Sinus tachy in a patient with ?PE --> get me the CTPA NOW!
Dr Smith and Dr Ken Grauer both run very successful ECG blogs --> but they are NOT for beginners!

Definitely won't recommend for 1st year residency or beyond that unless you wish to become a cardiologist.

In that situation, you wouldn't be taking my advice actually. xD
Read 4 tweets
Jul 15
1) True learning is not about reading a lot of books, checking out many Tweetorials or listening to a lot of podcasts.

If that was so, everybody would have been 'successful' and not creating content about 'success'.
2) True learning is based on something I called the retention percentage --> the percentage of your knowledge that you can actually use in your day to day life.
3) I have applied this retention ratio to medicine since the day I started --> 10 years back in 2022.

Whatever you learn, until and unless you are comfortable with it --> that you can use it in day to day clinical practice --> you have not really learnt it.
Read 9 tweets

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