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Lazarus Long Profile picture
@LazarusLong13
Aug 6, 2022 • 22 tweets • 10 min read • Read on X
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#PolioIsAirborne
#PoliomyelitisISairborne
#YOpolioISairborne

And here we go again...

Studies. Government documents. Old books.
Going to show you how Polio is airborne.

Denialists will attack by saying:
- I'm not a virologist.
->True - but you can read the studies. Also, virologists actually do not study in detail aerosols that actually carry viruses airborne.

-Household Attack Rate is not high enough.
-Transmissibility is not great enough.
-> They said the same thing about CoVid.
Those are just CLUES to what is airborne.

But enough of them, let's get to it. Dangerous respiratory viruses are experimented with on Non-Human Primates. Monkeys.

Droplet nuclei is an old term meaning aerosol. Aerosols are airborne.

science.org/doi/abs/10.112…
"The presence of virus in the human nasopharynx, which has been repeatedly demonstrated, provides an obvious source of air contamination by patients and carriers; and direct contact has been traced during epidemics in a considerable fraction of cases..."
Let's go back to 1931.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…

"..there are grounds for assuming that the virus lurks (LURKS) in the upper respiratory passages of man, and is given off in the air by acts of respiration."
1937.
"Epidemic acute Poliomyelitis and Encephalitis, both Air-Borne Infections"

sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1111/j.1651…
"NORN and MOLLER (Ugeskrift for Lzger, 26-3374. Actu pcediutrica. Vol. XIX. 394 W. SOHIER BRYANT 33: 841, 1935) say the virus may enter via the lungs as shown by commencing with cough, bronchitis, or even pneumonia, and in some cases via the tonsils, commencing with tonsillitis."
"The prodromal symptoms are also identical in our two diseases. They both commence with local acute inflammatory symptoms in the upper air-tract, nose, throat and tonsils."
1940.
 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
"The balance of evidence suggests that poliomyelitis is an air-borne disease. However, recovery of the virus from feces, from water, and sewage must be taken seriously."
1944.
 "POLIOMYELITIS IN THE CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY : III. INFECTION BY INHALATION OF DROPLET NUCLEI AND THE NASOPHARYNGEAL PORTAL OF ENTRY"

"It is suggested that inhalation of virus deserves more serious attention as a mode of human infection than it has hitherto received, since air
and dust may be contaminated from fecal as well as from nasopharyngeal sources."
As of today, according to the CDC - polio is not airborne. We'll see about that.

cdc.gov/polio/what-is-…
The WHO:
"The virus is transmitted by person-to-person spread mainly through the faecal-oral route or, ...., by a common vehicle (for example, contaminated water or food)"

Evidently, if your Dr. is from the WHO? You are protected from the CDC droplets.
who.int/news-room/fact…
More to come as we build the preponderance of evidence awaiting us buried in the old tomes.
Jumping up to 1972 for no other reason than I'd like to see some high-level citations - that I can then dive back down into in the earlier years.

Pay to play
link.springer.com/article/10.100…

Free - and just matter of factly showing it's airborne.
sci-hub.hkvisa.net/10.1007/bf0235…
Quick side trip to the Euro CDC, where we find that that polio can be airborne via aerosols, unlike in the USA or at the WHO.

Do I detect the heavy hand of corporations on the throat of the US CDC and the WHO?

ecdc.europa.eu/en/poliomyelit….
Ok, a quick PSA for #PolioIsAirborne.

If I was in NY, I would sure be masking up for CoVid, Monkeypox, and now polio.

Although the vaccine effectiveness is at 99%, if you follow me, there's a chance you might be immunocompromised as I tend to have a bunch of such followers.
NY state has suffered a decrease in vaccinations thanks to antivaxxers.

From before the pandemic:
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…

Did the pandemic lead to missed vaccinations? Yes, because our government did not immediately roll out N95s so we could go to appointments safely.
I am as much a vaccine advocate as I am a masking advocate, and block in a heartbeat - so no antivax work in my replies, please :) .

Source for above pic:
health.ny.gov/press/releases…

Source for polio 99% effectiveness:
cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/p…
Finally... Make sure you check your vax card. You are eligible for one lifetime booster.

This is that time.

If you've had CoVid? Sorry, it hammers your immune system. Consider yourself at risk out of the precautionary principle.

#MaskUpVaxUp.
This based on the info coming out of NY. Your state may vary.

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More from @LazarusLong13

Lazarus Long Profile picture
Feb 5
This is a very big deal. D1.1 now in cattle.

D1.1 has put 100% of the people it has infected into the hospital - and killed 50%.**

BC teen had to be intubated on ECMO - despite age and no preconditions.

Louisiana man died in the hospital.

aphis.usda.gov/news/program-u…On January 31, 2025, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed by whole genome sequence the first detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, genotype D1.1 in dairy cattle.
** The numbers of those severely impacted SHOULD drastically go down as doctors become aware of the importance of ruling out H5N1 much quicker.

The teen had delayed care, and that is one possible reason for the severity of their infection.

** We need more numbers infected to
see if the severity is truly wide-spread - or did we just have a couple of very unlucky people.
Read 5 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Jan 30
What Have You Got Against A Mask?

1/9 What Have You Got Against A Mask? In a black and white photograph, a black woman wearing a white duckbill respirator, gazes deep into your soul. Her eyes tell you that .... The simple act of wearing a respirator (KN95, N95, or better) can save your life, if they're used properly and every time you are in a public place / outside your home. Wearing a mask helps prevent transmission of airborne viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, RSV, influenza, and more. Despite profit-based claims otherwise, we are still in a global COVID pandemic. Mask up to protect yourself and others from illness, disability...
What Have You Got Against We, The People? A DELTA plane landing on their words that have killed thousand. Disabled hundreds of thousands, and destroyed us all. We are writing on behalf of Delta Air Lines to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to reconsider the current guideline for 10 days of isolation in fully vaccinated individuals who experience breakthrough COVID-19 infections... We propose a 5-day isolation from symptom onset for those who experience a breakthrough infection. Delta Airlines to CDC Director, Dec. 2021 THIS IS TO ENRAGE YOU.
What Have You Got Against A Mask? In a black and white photograph, a young teenager stares into your soul. His eyes say, What Have You Got Against A Mask? The simple act of wearing a respirator (KN95, N95, or better) can save your life, if they're used properly and every time you are in a public place / outside your home. Wearing a mask helps prevent transmission of airborne viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, RSV, influenza, and more. Despite profit-based claims otherwise, we are still in a global COVID pandemic. Mask up to protect yourself and others from illness, disability (Long Covid), and death. For more information about...
Read 9 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Jan 28
This may be the biggest news of the decade. Completely overshadowed by shenanigans in the White House.

It looks like H5N1 reinfections are entirely possible. This means that our farms are going to be a never-ending circulating pump of H5N1.

This. Is. Not. Good.

/1 But reinfections suggest that the virus, called H5N1, could circulate on farms indefinitely, finding opportunities to evolve into a more dangerous form — a “high-risk” scenario, said Louise Moncla, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Pennsylvania. “You could easily end up with endemically circulating H5 in dairy herds without symptoms, obscuring rapid or easy detection,” Dr. Moncla said.
How long can our luck go on?

We now have Bobcats with the one mutation that we really don't want to see.

The PB2 E627K mutation.

"The PB2 E627K mutation is a dominant adaptation marker in most human-adapted influenza A viruses. " PB2 E627K is a mutation in the PB2 gene of the influenza A virus that changes the amino acid glutamic acid (Glu) to lysine (Lys) at position 627. This mutation helps the virus replicate more efficiently in mammalian cells. How it affects the virus Replication: The PB2 E627K mutation helps the virus replicate more efficiently in mammalian cells. Disease severity: The PB2 E627K mutation can cause more severe disease in mammals. Temperature: The PB2 E627K mutation helps the virus replicate in the lower temperatures of the upper respiratory tract of mammals. How it affects humans Human-adap...
Read 9 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Jan 14
If you are taking public transport like in NYC? Mask up.

Pretty cool Master's Thesis for Biology - on bioaerosols like SARS-COV-2.

Set up a prototype aerosol sampler?

And find it in 52.9% of the samples in Beijing Railway Station and 44.4% at Beijing Subway Station.

/1 The subway station selected for this experiment was Xidan Subway Station, a major subway station on Lines 1 and 2 in Beijing and serves as an important subway transit hub. The passenger flow of the station is expected to be around 7,000 – 12,000 during rush hours and less than 7,000 during non rush-hours. A total of 27 samples have been collected, with the first 10 collected around 9-10am in the morning or 3-4pm in the afternoon, which is considered non-rush hour and 17 collected during the rush hour period. Sampling was collected for 17 weeks in total, not necessarily consecutively taking ...
Bioaerosol Sampling in the Exit Area of Beijing Railway Station. BC500 was placed near the exit area of the Beijing Railway Station where passenger flow is expected to be the largest. Beijing Railway Station is one of the oldest train stations in Beijing with a large passenger flow that is around 60,000 passengers per day. The bioaerosol sampling device in this scenario is placed at the exit area of the train station, where passenger flow is relatively higher, ensuring better chances of sample collection. However, passenger flow, unlike the subway station is not divided into rush / non-rus...
Never mind this.

"Firstly, the high positive rate highlights the potential for airborne transmission of these viruses in crowded public areas"

Definitely do not flag this to anyone in a big city looking to ban masks.

Definitely do not do that with this new study. The findings of the experiments conducted in this thesis indicate that viruses including SARS-CoV-2 and influenza are not only present but also potentially widespread in these public spaces, which has several important implications. Firstly, the high positive rate highlights the potential for airborne transmission of these viruses in crowded public areas. This is consistent with existing literature that suggests densely populated environments with limited ventilation can facilitate the spread of respiratory viruses. The detection of multiple pathogens reinforces the importance of considerin...
Yes, nothing to see here.....

At Beijing Railway Station, positive samples were
52.9% SARS-CoV-2
47.1% Flu A
23.5% Flu B.

At Xidan Subway Station, positive samples were
44.4% SARS-CoV-2
18.5% Flu A
7.4% Flu B At Beijing Railway Station, 52.9% of samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 47.1% for influenza A, and 23.5% for influenza B. Additionally, 29.4% of the samples were positive for two pathogens, and 11.8% were positive for all three pathogens. The total percentage of negative samples at this location was 29.4%. At Xidan Subway Station, 44.4% of the samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 18.5% for influenza A, and 7.4% for influenza B. Moreover, 18.5% of the samples were positive for two pathogens, with no samples testing positive for all three pathogens. The total rate of negative samples ...
Image
Read 5 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 31, 2024
Sara Anne Willette's visualization tool - is not a list. It is a visual representation of a group of accounts, so that she can remove herself from them.

It uses only publicly facing data, available per the X TOS, and the API, not scraping.

IT WILL NOT EFFECT YOU AT ALL. Image
Image
There are some accounts 👇 and their followers that SHE JUST WANTS NOTHING TO DO WITH.

It is her choice to remove herself from any account she wants.

The actual data?

✔️ account creation date
✔️ the username of the account,
✔️ who they follow.

All obtained legally per TOS. The list. Ooo so scary. You all are acting like high school kids.
Describes user name
The LOCATION that you saw in the blurry used to get you all fired up!?

Picked up from the front page of the profile, but NOT USED.

I live in Temporarily Enabled, USA - but it is not my physical location.

That's it.

Some additional thoughts, from me, not Sara. Not using location
Read 18 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 23, 2024
Ozone. A pollutant no matter where it is - outdoors or indoors.

#DYK that indoor inhalation is 25% to 60% of total intake? Per Weschler?

iaqscience.lbl.gov/increases-ozone

#DYK that MOST indoor ozone comes from OUTDOORS? Per Weschler?

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC16…

Truly worried?

🧵 Accounting for the differences between indoor and outdoor air ozone concentrations, Weschler [6] has estimated that indoor exposures to ozone are typically 45% to 75% of total exposures. Because breathing rates are lower when people are indoors, the indoor inhalation intake of ozone is typically 25% to 60% of total ozone intake. These estimates may be low for the population most affected by ozone—infants, the elderly, and those with respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Consequently, if there is no threshold concentration for the health effects of ozone, or if the threshold is low, roughl...
Although there are indoor sources of ozone, in most buildings indoor ozone has been transported from outdoors (Weschler 2000). Indoor ozone concentrations track outdoor concentrations with a slight time lag that depends on the air exchange rate. Ozone is removed by indoor surfaces as well as by gas-phase reactions, and hence, indoor concentrations tend to be smaller than co-occurring outdoor levels.
If you are TRULY worried, you should be focused on eliminating ozone, right?

You would be slipping into people's threads and sharing these cheap DIY activated carbon builds, right?

Because if you are TRULY concerned about ozone, you would not be slipping into threads of people showing pictures of their new FAR-UVC Torches - for any other reason, but to share the good word that the miniscule ozone generated could be eliminated.

VIRUS and OZONE free air.
Read 8 tweets

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