1/9 Is it ideal that more than 40% of the blocks created on #Ethereum in the hours following #TheMerge belong to just two staking service providers: Lido (DeFi) and Coinbase (CeFi)? No

Am I worried? No. Here’s why👇
2/9 First, it makes sense that the largest staking service providers have the advantage early on, particularly in the hours & days following Ethereum’s transition from Proof-of-Work (PoW) to Proof-of-Stake (PoS)...
3/9 After all, most stakers experiencing issues during the transition to PoS will be the individual stakers running their own validators, not the prominent service providers with full-time teams & resources dedicated to staking operations.
4/9 Over time, I expect today’s leaders of the staking sector to struggle with preserving this level of market share dominance as more competitors enter the space & as additional decentralized staking solutions like Rocket Pool become more popular & user-friendly.
5/9 New staking service providers will likely adjust a couple of economic parameters, including the fee structure and rewards distribution model:

1) Fee structure
2) Reward distribution model
6/9 Fee structure

Lido charges a 10% fee on staking rewards, Coinbase charges 25%, and Binance charges 0%. New entrants could create tiered fee structures or fall somewhere in the middle.
7/9 Reward distribution model

Distributing rewards as earned vs. at once (impacts taxes). I also expect to see more creative models, like lottery-style staking pools where the rewards of all staking participants are paid out to one randomly selected winner, like Pool Together.
8/9 Many new services will go to market via vampire attack on the sector leader, plus farming incentives, as we've seen before:

1) DeFi: Uniswap ➡️ Sushiswap (airdrop+incentives)
2) NFTs: OpenSea ➡️ Looksrare (airdrop+incentives)
3) Staking: Lido ➡️ TBD (airdrop+incentives)
9/9 I expect the staking sector to become more competitive (& therefore, more decentralized) as new providers rush in to take advantage of the opportunity staking represents.

That’s good for crypto—increasing the network's resiliency & diversifying risk among more participants.

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More from @RasterlyRock

Aug 8
1/ What’s the argument for the Ethereum Proof-of-Work (or “PoW”) chain post-merge?

Today Ethereum PoW offers a thriving application layer—DeFi, NFTs, stablecoins, etc.

But without core elements of the app layer like data feeds & liquidity, what’s the value proposition?
2/ Smart contracts & crypto applications need real-world data to function.

Like price feeds of real-world assets or metadata for NFTs, for example.

Oracle networks like @chainlink provide that type of data to crypto applications.
3/ Chainlink dominates the oracle market, with a ~50% market share measured by Total Value Secured (or "TVS").

That includes some of the most prominent DeFi protocols like Aave and Curve.

Source: @DefiLlama
Read 5 tweets
Aug 2
1/ DeFi lending giant Aave is launching a crypto-backed stablecoin called "GHO".

🧵👇

1) What is Aave? A DeFi lending app.

2) What is GHO? Aave’s new stablecoin.

3) Why is Aave launching GHO? More revenue to fuel growth.

governance.aave.com/t/introducing-…
2/ What is Aave?

Over the past three years, Aave has emerged as the leading decentralized lending platform.

Aave enables users to borrow and lend assets at algorithmically-defined rates, without the intervention or cost of a centralized lending facility.
3/ Most of the activity in Aave involves depositing well-established crypto assets like ETH into "lending pools" & using these assets as collateral to borrow stablecoins like USDC.

Generally, the use cases include optimizing yields, trading on leverage, or arbitrage.
Read 8 tweets
Jul 5
1/ How do real-world assets make their way into DeFi?

Let’s take a look at the recent MakerDAO and Huntingdon Valley Bank (HVB) proposal for a $100 million loan participation facility.

🧵👇
2/ The proposal?

HVB receives a loan participation facility with a 100M $DAI debt ceiling. They’ll use it to support the growth of their existing & new businesses.

In exchange, they’ll post real-world assets as collateral (a portfolio of various loans).

forum.makerdao.com/t/huntingdon-v…
3/ What collateral is eligible? Loans.

- Commercial Real Estate Loans (Stabilized, Construction, Lender Finance)
- Commercial & Industrial Loans
- Government Guaranteed or Affiliated Loans
- Consumer Loans
- Residential Real Estate Loans
- Capital Call Line
Read 8 tweets
Jun 28
1/ Stablecoins are often referred to as “the killer application for crypto.”

Yet—like separating the wheat from the chaff—separating the good stablecoin designs from the bad is a necessary step in their development.

A thread exploring the what, why, & how of stablecoins.
2/ A stablecoin is a crypto asset pegged to a real-world asset’s value.

Example: 1 USDC is always intended to be worth 1 US dollar.

They hold their value relative to traditional currencies but, unlike the money in your bank account, they can be used freely on the blockchain.
3/ So, why do stablecoins exist?

They serve the same purpose in crypto markets as the US dollar in traditional markets, used for everything from saving & trading to sending & lending.

They’ve been adopted by a range of users, from crypto natives to traditional institutions.
Read 21 tweets
May 27
1/ More than 7k attendees, 2k devs, 1k companies, & 120 speakers gathered for @Permissionless last week, making it one of the biggest crypto events of the year.

It was an epic conference, so @AnaisRachel & I thought we’d share our key takeaways.

bitwiseinvestments.com/crypto-market-…
2/ People are excited for the bear market.

With far less attention fixated on prices, there was a tremendous focus on what's being built & learning from past mistakes (aka Luna/UST).
3/ The DeFi Mullet is taking shape with CeFi companies in the front & DeFi protocols in the back.

CeFi companies, like Coinbase & Robinhood (which announced the launch of its own non-custodial Web3 wallet at Permissionless), are making the entry point to DeFi more accessible.
Read 9 tweets
May 9
1/ Given the recent market volatility, let’s explore how the improved risk management practices of DeFi protocols, and the improved capital efficiency in DeFi credit markets that has resulted, have become among the most important—and most overlooked—aspects of DeFi.
2/ The effective operations of the leading lending protocols under volatile market conditions show how dynamic risk management has become a top priority & key driver of growth as they continue to scale up operations.
3/ Understanding how DeFi achieved its hard-won stability can teach us a lot about how innovation in DeFi is driving towards more system-wide resilience, positioning DeFi to compete with—and improve on—legacy finance.
Read 32 tweets

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