JWeiland Profile picture
Oct 3, 2022 11 tweets 7 min read Read on X
We are seeing multiple variants with convergent evolution that will drive the next wave.

All variants with 5+ key RBD mutations can be grouped together, I am referring to this group as "Pentagon" for sharing the 5 mutations.

Thank you @CorneliusRoemer for covspectrum collection Image
@CorneliusRoemer Evaluating the rate of increase of spectra worldwide with these mutations shows very clear, steady log growth, currently estimated at +105% week/week over BA.5 Image
This phase of the pandemic is different than we've seen in the past, with the same advantageous mutations popping up all over instead of saltation (leaping) evolution. @shay_fleishon has a great, detailed thread

Instead of keeping track of a half dozen or more different variants with different names seems cumbersome for communications and evaluation. Logical grouping of similar evolutions makes sense at this point. Since it is a group, a different naming system seemed appropriate
Many thanks to the hard work of survalence team @PeacockFlu @TWenseleers @LongDesertTrain @trvrb @RajlabN @EricTopol @Mike_Honey_ @jbloom_lab @florian_krammer @EllingUlrich and others, as well as the boots-on-the-ground scientists around the world feverishly sequencing samples!!
How big will the peak of this covid wave be?

It's hard to say at this point. I'm confident it won't be near the size of the January Omicron wave, but it could reach or surpass BA.5 wave peak. Difficult to estimate the amount of herd resistance to Pentagon in the population.
So which lineages are included in Pentagon?

BQ.1.1
BN.1
XBB
BA.2.75.2*
And a number of others with small sequence counts.

Variant soup
This particular model does not consider effects of background forces (shift to fall weather, behavioral changes, vaccine uptake etc).

Influx of cold weather pushing more people indoors could shift the upswing a bit earlier, mainly in northern states
Regardless, the arrival of #Pentagon variants will be the main driver of case increases from their significant transmission advantages
@CorneliusRoemer Meet the #PentagonVariants

All the highlighted variants below are Pentagon, with 5 or more key escape mutations. The immune evasion even from BA.5 infection is impressive on all of them. Small numbers=more Immune evasion
Image
An additional escape mutation is now being included in all of the Pentagon Variants. #Pentagon or #Hexagon, either name, they are the same set of variants

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More from @JPWeiland

Aug 30
It took them over 2 months to fix this, but the CDC finally updated their Nowcast variant proportions and corrected their mistakes.

As I mentioned about a dozen times, XFG >> NB.1.8.1. Image
Not keeping score on Weiland vs CDC for variants and forecasting, but if I were, it'd be "A lot to a little".

😄
Here's what I think was the CDC's largest forecasting blunder. How does one miss the 2021 massive Omicron wave only days in advance?

3 weeks prior to their forecast I was already forecasting a tsunami.

Image
Read 4 tweets
Aug 28
🧵 My favorite new scientific tool to observe the universe does what no other telescope can. It *LISTENS TO THE SOUNDS OF THE UNIVERSE*

LIGO, (Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory) are 8km long L shaped detectors that measures mirror length to 1/10,000 of a proton Image
All other telescopes observe the EM spectrum (different wavelengths of light, from gamma ray to radio waves.) This is different, as if detects the rumbles of space time when big collisions happen. Neutron stars on collision course disturb space time to such an extent that it..
It sends "sound" waves all the way through the universe, not using air as the medium, but the fabric of space time at the speed of light. When it arrives at earth, LIGO measures the disturbance. Between the 3 (2 in the US and 1 in Italy) it can pinpoint where the sound came from Image
Read 9 tweets
Aug 2
I still see frequent posts on here about how "easy" it would be to send covid to extinction via just everyone wearing masks and/or temporary lockdowns. It's poorly thought out logic, borderlining on fantasy. I'll explain why below:0/4🧵
1) Mask mandates and restaurant/bar lockdown across the world. About 5% of the population would get behind that, and only maybe 60% were behind it when it was killing 120-200x more people per week than today.
2) Impoverished countries:. You're going to force remote villages in west and central Africa, SE asia to abide by the new decree? Create travel bans from there? Good luck on all of that (including racial specific bans?!)
Read 5 tweets
May 19
XFG* looks to me like the likely summer wave generator. From modeling NY growth:

🔸️~65% wkly advantage
🔸️Fastest since JN.1 or KP.2
🔸️Slower than the combo of KP.2/KP.3/KP.3.1.1
🔸️Dominance in NY within 2 weeks
🔸️Dominance in US in June Image
I focused on New York state because XFG* is far ahead there relative to anywhere else, and they still have a lot of sequencing. It will take some time to evaluate it in other places to confirm the growth rates.
I used @RajlabN 's Tableau to determine sequence frequencies over time. Thanks Raj
Read 4 tweets
Apr 27
I'm not sure if we'll get quite as low in transmission this spring as the minimums the last 2 years because of a very low winter peak not as efficiently cleaning up the susceptables. A bit of uncharted territory, since immunity is waning but we don't have strong variant growth. Image
Even without a strongly growing variant, I'm still confident we will have a decently sized summer wave. Parts of the south and west basically had no wave at all in the winter, thus the susceptibility is slowly increasing. Image
But the question is, how long will the decline hold on until we start the summer increase without a new fast variant? If the decline hangs on until late May or June, we may get below 2023/24's lows.
Read 5 tweets
Apr 14
🧬 Variant Evolution Rate Since 2020

We witnessed a huge weekly growth advantage in new variants for the first year after Omicron arrived, and then to a lesser extent after Pirola. Now we have 9 months of the lowest growth advantages since 2020. 🧵 Image
Both Alpha and Delta had only moderate divergence from their predecessors, but they increased transmission in a time with a mountain of people with no immunity to severe disease. Their waves of cases were moderate, but the waves of death and hospitalization were huge. Image
Omicron came in and wiped more than half of immunity to infection without heavily impacting resistances to severe disease. What it also did was open up a lot of new evolutionary potential for immune escape, and BA.2, BA.5, and XBBs demonstrate that impact well
Read 6 tweets

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