Presenting a brief information about Nalanda University.
Bihar needs no introduction. It’s a land of wisdom and learning.
The University of Nalanda was established during the reign of Gupta Empire in 5th century. It was one of the earliest universities in the world.
Built in red bricks, the university is an architectural masterpiece.
It is believed that the whole University campus is spread across over 15,000,000 sq meters and only 10% of which has been excavated while rest of the ruins still lie under the ground.
At that time, it was the only international university in the world.
जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः।
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु तथा मानापमानयोः॥
वे योगी जिन्होंने मन पर विजय पा ली है वे शीत-ताप, सुख-दुख और मान-अपमान के द्वंद्वों से ऊपर उठ जाते हैं। ऐसे योगी शान्त रहते हैं और भगवान की भक्ति के प्रति उनकी श्रद्धा अटल होती है।
जित-आत्मन:-जिसने मन पर विजय प्राप्त कर ली हो; प्रशान्तस्य–शान्ति; परम-आत्मा-परमात्मा; समाहितः-दृढ़ संकल्प से; शीत-सर्दी; उष्ण-गर्मी में; सुख-सुख, दुःखेषु-और दुख में; तथा-भी; मान-सम्मान; अपमानयोः-और अपमान।
जिन्होंने मन पर विजय पा ली है, मन उनका मित्र है किन्तु जो ऐसा करने में असफल होते हैं मन उनके शत्रु के समान कार्य करता है।
बन्धुः-मित्र; आत्मा–मन; आत्मनः-उस व्यक्ति के लिए; तस्य-उसका; येन-जिसने; आत्मा-मन; एव–निश्चय ही; आत्मना-जीवात्मा के लिए; जित:-विजेता; अनात्मनः-जो मन को वश नहीं कर सका; तु-लेकिन; शत्रुत्वे-शत्रुता का; वर्तेत-बना रहता है; आत्मा-मन; एव-जैसे; शत्रु-वत्-शत्रु के समान।
Difference amongst Rishi, Sadhu, Saint, Muni, Sanyasi and Yogi.
1. Muni (मुनि):- Muni is derived from manan (मनन्), in Sanskrit it is root verb (धातु).
Manan means to think. Muni is someone who does introspection (अन्तर्दर्शन) or who is thoughtful.
According to Srimad Bhagwadam:
Muni is expert in mental speculation or in thinking.
According to srimad Bhagavad Gita (2.56):
Muni is one who can agitate his mind in various ways for mental speculation without coming to a factual description.
And from where does this mental speculation come from?
Answer is Introspection (अन्तर्दर्शन).