Jeff Geringer Profile picture
Oct 19, 2022 12 tweets 4 min read Read on X
Greetings from the NEI International #Uranium Fuel Seminar Day 2. My thoughts, in no particular order: Image
(1) Transportation is hard. Like really hard. Nuclear power is extraordinarily energy dense, and while that’s a huge plus for nuclear power, it means the nuclear materials make up a relatively small volume of any ocean or rail shipment. It’s *maybe* a weak spot.
We’ve got a lot of capable companies and people working on this problem. LEU+ and HALEU fuels are going to require new transport packages and new gov’t regulations. These adaptations are in progress, but they ain’t free.
We’re dependent on just a few ports and relative few carriers and charters to move yellowcake and enriched material from facility to facility. And we’re also dependent - frankly - on Russian rail to get some Kazakh and Uzbek production to Western markets. Keep an eye on it, eh?
(2) Some radical truth-telling from a representative from an enricher. The market is chaotic. And capacity growth will come at a cost. Not long ago utilities and enrichers collaborated and shared risk on big enrichment capacity projects. The rep thinks we can do it again…me too.
HALEU and LEU+ are coming. Projected supply of LEU+ at 5.5%-10% enrichment to be commercially available by 2025, and HALEU at 10%-20% enrichment by 2028. I won’t stone cold guarantee it but I believe it’s possible.
Enrichment is expensive. And it’s not just tubes. Lots of mechanical and digital equipment needs replacing to keep the tubes spinning and the UF6 flowing. It wasn’t a good value proposition at $60/SWU. Now? Looks fine but takes time and (most importantly) skilled labor.
(3) From one panelist - it’s the utilities’ choice to keep taking Russian material. Maybe not that simple, but also maybe not that complicated.
(4) My friends at UxC shared some survey results from their semi-annual survey of customers. Big takeaway for me: producers and consumers agree on much but utilities tend to think current prices will bring forward new production while suppliers do not. Make of that what you will.
(5) GLE/Silex is starting to firm up their deployment schedule. I don’t completely know how I feel about laser enrichment’s viability in general (so this is not an endorsement), but this is a cool timeline to see as someone who plans on being in this industry for the long haul. Image
Anyway - logging off for more networking and camaraderie. Close community here in nuclear fuel and it’s fun to be among fellow nerds. See some of you on @uraniuminsider webinar tomorrow. Cheers!
p.s. i did get to spend a little bit of time with @ClayDMontgomery and another investor named Kevin. Would be interested to hear their thoughts on the reception they received and the value of coming to this conference.

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More from @jeffgeringer92

Sep 5, 2023
I keep typing up and deleting #uranium posts so I think it’s best to end my occasional twitter uranium commentary with a few quick hits before I ride off into the sunset. It’s been fun, guys. 🖖
(1) The #uranium bear case (at least down at $30/lb) wasn't that price wouldn't go up, but that you the investor wouldn't make any money when it does. The deck is stacked against retail investors in junior mining and valuations in this sector are WILDLY different. Be careful…
(2a) A bunch of twitter talking heads were wrong about Cameco at every step during the last three years. Cameco has tier 1/2 assets that you haven't even heard of. They own 49% of Westinghouse. Cigar Lake's resource keeps growing and extending the mine life of Phase 1.
Read 12 tweets
Mar 9, 2023
Common #uranium question: what inning is it?

It’s currently the ninth inning. The closer is trotting in from the bullpen and they’re playing his music.

MLB teams play 162 games in a season - and I think we’re nearing the end of one now, and it’s definitely not game #162.
The ninth inning is a high-leverage situation.

Nominally, all 27 outs across nine innings have the same importance, but there’s a special energy to the 9th. Everyone in the park is laser-focused on the action if the game is close. It’s spectacle.
For over a year, we’ve seen progressive impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine work their way through the nuclear fuel cycle as Western utilities attempt to disentangle their supply chains with Russia.

The process has not been easy, and the process is not yet complete.
Read 13 tweets
Jan 17, 2023
The core #uranium thesis is fairly universal at this point:

1. Contracting volume increases
2. Uranium price increases
3. Uranium equities increase in value

But lately I’ve been thinking - why does contracting volume increase in the first place?
In the prior cycle (mid 2000s) we saw how an impending (but ultimately never realized) nuclear renaissance created a strong term demand signal and fear of uranium scarcity that was then significantly amplified by supply disruptions, mine accidents, and broken contracts.
There were of course other contributing factors: enrichment was very tight as the gaseous diffusion plants were retired (secondary demand), and financial demand competed for scarce pounds as the price rose throughout the cycle (east to draw parallels to SPUT but not 1:1).
Read 7 tweets
Jan 8, 2023
Years before COVID caused a supply shortage, a wise fuel buyer said that "conversion is like toilet paper - you don't care about it until you need it and don't have any." It's a good analogy. In some years, conversion accounted for <10% of annual fuel costs. #uranium
Conversion facilities process uranium concentrates (U3O8) into uranium hexafluoride (UF6). Under a bit of heat, UF6 sublimates into a gas which is pushed through centrifuges to increase the U-235 concentration to make it fit for (most) reactor usage.
[Specifically - we use fluorine not just for the physical properties of UF6, but also the atomic properties of fluorine. Fluorine only has one naturally occurring isotope, meaning the U(-235)F6 weights 3 AMU more than U(-238)F6. We exploit this mass difference to enrich uranium.]
Read 19 tweets
Jan 6, 2023
Part of the great potential of SMRs is to "build reactors like airplanes and not airports." And often, airplanes provide us with great insight in how to think about SMRs.

Introducing the B-36 Peacemaker - the last of the great propeller-driven strategic bombers.
The year is 1941. The US has not yet entered World War II, but Britain is taking a beating from Nazi airstrikes and it's a very real possibility that they lose the war. If Britain falls, Europe falls.
So the design question is simple: how would the US wage a war in Europe if they had no airbases in Europe?
Read 18 tweets
Oct 18, 2022
Greetings from the NEI International #Uranium Fuel Seminar in sunny Las Vegas. Step into my office.

Day 1 thoughts in no particular order:
A major nuclear utility discussed the impact of the Inflation Reduction Act. New economics might justify unit “uprates,” i.e. increasing the power level of existing reactors.

Bottom line: ~6% generation increase (probably with proportional #uranium demand increase)
There’s enormous promise for small modular reactors (SMRs) - but it’s not clear when these units will actually need uranium (or even when they’ll get built). The DOE seems aware of the challenges and they’re ready to help create a “demand signal.”
Read 7 tweets

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