#ESETResearch discovered that #LuckyMouse/#APT27 used a code-signing certificate belonging to VMPsoft, the developer of the VMProtect packer. The signed file is a loader for the SysUpdate backdoor (aka Soldier). We notified VMPSoft of this compromise 1/4
virustotal.com/gui/file/a8527… Image
Pivoting on the certificate, we found genuine VMPsoft binaries and a sample of SysUpdate signed and packed with VMProtect. Since LuckyMouse rarely use VMProtect, it is possible that they also stole VMProtect packer when they got the digi certificate. 2/4
virustotal.com/gui/file/cc196…
While the certificate is still valid, we have notified GlobalSign.

Thumbprint: 6EF192CBD6E540F1D740D1BD96317ACAE8C6AF9D

Subject: Permyakov Ivan Yurievich IP, Ekaterinburg, Sverdlovskaya oblast, RU

Valid from: 2022-05-17 11:18:43

Valid to: 2023-05-18 11:18:43 3/4
Interestingly, in August 2022 a tweet claimed that the source code of VMProtect was leaked. However, we could not find the leak nor link it to the LuckyMouse incident. 4/4

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More from @ESETresearch

Nov 23
#ESETresearch discovered an active #Android campaign conducted by the hack-for-hire group #Bahamut. The campaign has been active since January 2022, with malicious apps are distributed through a fake #SecureVPN website
@LukasStefanko welivesecurity.com/2022/11/23/bah… 1/6
We discovered at least 8 versions of the spyware, all trojanized versions of legitimate VPN apps SoftVPN and OpenVPN; none have been available on Google Play. The fake SoftVPN triggered our YARA rules; we also got a DM from @malwrhunterteam about the sample. TY folks!
2/6 Image
The fake website was registered on 2022-01-27 and created based on a free web template. It was most likely used by the threat actor as an inspiration, as it required only small changes and looks trustworthy.
3/6 Image
Read 6 tweets
Nov 9
#ESETResearch discovered and reported to the manufacturer 3 vulnerabilities in the #UEFI firmware of several Lenovo Notebooks. The vulnerabilities allow disabling UEFI Secure Boot or restoring factory default Secure Boot databases (incl. dbx): all simply from an OS. @smolar_m 1/9
Reported vulnerabilities – #CVE-2022-3430, #CVE-2022-3431, and #CVE-2022-3432 – affect various Lenovo Yoga, IdeaPad and ThinkBook devices. All affected devices with an active development support have been fixed after we reported them to the manufacturer. 2/9
While disabling UEFI Secure Boot allows direct execution of unsigned UEFI apps, restoring factory default dbx enables the use of known vulnerable bootloaders (e.g., #CVE-2022-34301 found by @eclypsium) to bypass Secure Boot, while keeping it enabled.
eclypsium.com/2022/08/11/vul… 3/9
Read 9 tweets
Oct 12
#Emotet’s operators were busy updating their systeminfo module, with changes that enable malware operators to improve the targeting of specific victims and distinguish tracking bots from real users. #ESETresearch 1/7
The operators completely changed the attributes that are collected and sent to the attacker’s C&Cs. The new list includes processor brand, size of physical memory in MB and an approximate % of it being in use. 2/7 ImageImageImage
The magic number – used by the server to verify that the systeminfo module is up to date – is obtained in a different way too. Instead of being part of the main function, 64 functions are used, with the module selecting one that returns the correct value. 3/7 ImageImage
Read 7 tweets
Oct 11
#ESETresearch reveals new findings about POLONIUM, an APT group that has targeted more than a dozen organizations in Israel 🇮🇱 since at least September 2021, using at least seven different custom backdoors.
welivesecurity.com/2022/10/11/pol…
1/6
Five of the seven described #POLONIUM backdoors were previously undocumented. At the time of writing our blogpost, the latest one (PapaCreep) was still being used. It is also the first one not written in C# or PowerShell. 2/6
Interestingly, the commands of the FlipCreep backdoor do exactly the opposite of what’s expected. We don’t know if this was a mistake, but UPLOAD actually downloads files from the FTP server to the victim, and DOWNLOAD uploads files. 3/6
Read 6 tweets
Sep 30
#ESETresearch has discovered #Lazarus attacks against targets in 🇳🇱 and 🇧🇪, spreading via spearphishing emails and exploiting the CVE-2021-21551 vulnerability to disable the monitoring of all security solutions on compromised machines @pkalnai welivesecurity.com/2022/09/30/ama…
@pkalnai The attack started with spearphishing emails connected to fake job offers, targeting an aerospace company in the Netherlands, and a political journalist in Belgium. The attackers then deployed a VMProtect-ed version of #BLINDINGCAN, a fully featured HTTP(S) backdoor. 2/6
@pkalnai Notably, the attackers used a rootkit named FudModule.dll, that modifies kernel variables and removes kernel callbacks to disable monitoring of all security solutions on the system. This is the first recorded abuse of the CVE-2021-21551 vulnerability in Dell DBUtil drivers. 3/6
Read 6 tweets
Sep 28
In July, #ESETresearch reported on macOS spyware we dubbed CloudMensis. In the blogpost, we left the malware unattributed. However, further analysis showed similarities with a Windows malware called #RokRAT, a #ScarCruft tool. @marc_etienne_, @pkalnai 1/9
The Windows and macOS malware variants are not copycats of each other, but share the following similarities: ➡️ 2/9
1️⃣ Both variants are spyware with functionality such as keylogging and taking screenshots. Each supported command is identified by a number. Its value is in a similar range for both: macOS has 39 commands ranging from 49 to 93, while Windows has 42, ranging from 48 to 90. 3/9
Read 9 tweets

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