#thread
Germany is an important spy target for Moscow. Russia also uses the country as a base for satellite espionage - the platform for this are diplomatic missions and a cultural centre. There are a few interesting details 1/12
Russian #SIGINT activities in Germany have increased significantly in the last decade. In the middle of Berlin, on the edge of the government district, surrounded by government administration buildings, lies the Russian Embassy 2/12
On the roof of the property you can see the classic HF "Cage dipole" as well as other receiving antennas bild.de/politik/inland… 3/12
Bur there is more. On the roof of a rear building on Behrensstraße, 10 sat dishes can be seen with the help of Google Timelaps (June 2021). For comparison - October 2000 there were two or three? A significant increase in sat (#sigint) capacity is clearly visible in 2005. 4/12
Another satellite dish was installed on the highest point above the Kuppelsaal in the Embassy's main building. Visible as of December 2005. 5/12
A few hundred metres away from the Russian Embassy is the "Russian House" at Friedrichstraße 176 (opened 1984). It is a cultural institution. Western intelligence services see the building as a covert intelligence centre. Not without reason, as you can see on Google Timelaps 6/12
Major communication cables run through Friedrichstraße - even before the fall of the Wall between East and West. During the #ColdWar, Moscow had these lines in its sights - with the help of the #Stasi 7/12
Interesting point: In Germany (as in other countries), there are clear instructions for communication nodes near diplomatic missions: Communications via official lines must then be rerouted 8/12
Former #FAPSI - a kind of Russian #NSA - was active in Berlin until the 2000s. It had its ears on the Telekom nodes in the city after the fall of the Wall. The Russian embassy had a „warehouse“ in Berlin-Karlshorst specifically for this purpose 9/12
„We believe that the property (...) is a residence of the Russian intel service #FAPSI, which also serves to monitor Berlin's telephone traffic," a high-ranking representative of counterintelligence #BfV told the Berliner Zeitung (1996) 10/12 web.archive.org/web/2003052300…
Now let's look at Bonn. There you will find the Russian Consulate General - formerly the Embassy in West Germany. There are 8 satellite dishes (red), numerous antennas (green) and a #Sigint shed (yellow) on the buildings (status March 2020). 11/12
If you look at May 2003, at least the satellite capacities were not yet developed 12/12
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One of Munich's most famous landmarks is Karlsplatz/Stachus. During the Cold War, it was a centre of intelligence services. Nowhere else in the city was the density of espionage as high as there. Even a #KGB murder plot took place there. Here is an overview 👇1/8
1. #OrganisationGehlen (Org.) cover firm Gloria Film Verleih GmbH at Karlsplatz 7. For years, the cinema and film distribution company serves as a cover for operations and staff. The cinema Gloria Palast at Stachus still exists today 2/8
2. #Bundesnachrichtendienst BND cover agency Bundesstelle für Fernmeldestatistik - BFSt at Karlsplatz 7a at Stachus. Active in the 1970s. In most cases, the cover BFSt served the telecommunication-electronic surveillance centres. The office was relocated in the 1980s 3/8
The interception of enemy communications is an important element of China's espionage techniques. In recent years, Beijing has invested a lot of money in new #SIGINT stations around the world. China's ears are also growing in Europe 1/14
Almost 10 years ago, China opened a new Consulate General in Munich, Hofmannstraße 57. The largest of its kind in Europe. The equipment on the roof has also been expanded over the last 5 years. Security experts suspect #SIGINT activities behind this and more 2/14
Security experts suspect that one dish is used for #SIGINT operations. The other is used to transmit the collected data to China. Both dishes are located on rotating heads (racking rotor). Main targets are likely to be the Middle East and the African continent 3/14
Horst Schwirkmann died a year ago today. He was a long-time #Bundesnachrichtendienst staff member and an expert in radio defence (Funkabwehr). An absolute master of his trade. To this day he is the only officially known victim of a Soviet poison gas attack on a #BND employee 1/8
He survived but his recovery was long and painful. Moscow 1963, the West German embassy was extensively bugged by the #KGB. At the time Horst Schwirkmann was an electronics specialist at the #BND's Central Cipher Centre - Zentralstelle für das Chiffrierwesen (ZfCh) in Bonn 2/8
His job: to track down bugs and other hidden #KGB microphones. He quickly finds what he is looking for. The #BND bug sweeper uses a trick on the mass of microphones. He injects a very high voltage into the microphone cable 3/8
An inconspicuous water tower in the direct vicinity of the Soviet embassy in Bonn plays an important role in the #ColdWar. It was a secret listening post for years. Radio signals from the embassy were intercepted here 1/7
In 1975, the Soviet embassy moves to Viktorshöhe in Bonn. A new building is quickly erected on the site. USSR technicians rapidly expand the #SIGINT capacities on the buildings. The location on the hill is ideal for interception operations 2/7
The West German intel services, with the help of the US, are also very interested in information from the new embassy. The phone lines are tapped. The entrances to the embassy grounds are monitored with video cameras. Secret equipment is installed in the neighbouring houses 3/7
The current espionage case in the #Bundesnachrichtendienst shakes the NATO intelligence community. There could hardly be a worse time than now. The alleged spy is said to be a senior staff member from the top-secret #BND SIGINT division 1/9
The person works there in the evaluation department, according to media reports. On European soil, the #BND is one of the big players with its #SIGINT capacities. He is an important intelligence tool in the work against Russia in the Ukraine war 2/9
In view of the war in Ukraine, the current espionage case could turn into a disaster for the #BND. Partner services cut off the flow of information. Trust is gone. This is likely to paralyse the work of the BND for years - much to Moscow's advantage 3/9
#NATO headquarters, EU Commission and centre of important lobbying organisations. Brussels is a strategically important target for Russian espionage. But Moscow's embassy and two cultural facilities have another mission 1/7
The Russian Embassy in the Uccle district in Brussels is large. There are many buildings on the premises. The roof of a residential building and the main building are particularly eye-catching. 17 satellite dishes (red), different antennas (green) and 5 #sigint sheds (yellow) 2/7
The multi-storey residential building in particular stands out with its spy technology. Both buildings on Bing Maps Birdseye 3/7