Long thread about Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Forces. Not going into all the details, just basics. There are some exceptions to some points here, check link in last tweet for more info.
Chinese military follows a Theatre Command (TC) structure with 5 TCs, Northern, Southern, Central, Eastern and Western. Each TC has 2-3 Group Armies (GAs) which are roughly equivalent to a traditional Corps. Each GA in turn has:
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1. 5-6 Combined Arms Brigades (CAB) 2. 1 brigade each of Artillery, Air Defence, Army Aviation, Special Operations, Engineer & Service Support. 3. Some extra support battalions/companies
CABs can be Heavy, Medium, Light or Amphibious depending
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upon their equipment and Area Of Operations (AOR). Typical composition for a Heavy CAB:
1. 4 Combined Arms Battalions each with 2 tank companies, 2 mechanised infantry companies, 1 artillery company each. This is a basic self contained fighting unit.
2. 1 Battalion each of Artillery, Air Defence, Combat Support, Logistics Support, Recon. 3. Company each of Guard and HQ
Heavy CABs usually have tracked ICVs for infantry.
Medium CABs have 4 Mech Inf battalions in wheeled ICVs and may have wheeled assault guns.
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They usually have 2 tank battalions with 35-40 tanks each and artillery has 18 122mm SP Howitzers.
Light CABs have lightly armoured vehicles or trucks for infantry. These also have 1 High Mobility battalion on 4x4 Humvee copies, like seen in Laddakh.
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Amphibious CABs are different from PLA Marines. (Latter is a rapidly expanding force which will need its own thread.) There are a few in their Eastern and Southern TCs, mostly oriented against Taiwan & South China sea islands.
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Composition of most Artillery Brigades with CABs. It may differ in few due to ongoing upgrades: 1. 1 heavy rocket battalion. 300 mm, 3 batteries with 4 launchers each. 2. 1-2 light rocket battalion. 122 mm, 3 batteries with 9 launchers each. 3. 2 towed or
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self-propelled 122 mm or 155 mm howitzer battalions. 3 batteries with 4-6 guns. 4. 1 HQ unit. 5. 1 Company each for Support & UAV 6. 1 target acquisition unit.
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Air Defence Brigades:
1. 1 medium range SAM battalion. 3 batteries with 1 radar section and 3 launcher sections 2. 2 SHORAD battalions. 3 batteries of 6-8 AA guns and 4-6 short-ranged SAM each. 3. 1 HQ unit. 4. 1 support company 5. 1 EW battalion.
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Army Aviation Brigade
1 attack battalion. 16 helicopters in 2 battalions, mostly WZ-10
4 transport battalions. 8-12 medium helicopters in each battalion.
1 reconnaissance battalion. 8 recon or light attack helicopters.
1 support battalion.
Their actual numbers maybe less. 11/n
One easy way to identify military units from vehicle markings.
First 4 characters denote the type of unit (Land, Air, Naval), Theatre Command and the army and brigade numbers.
L: Land unit
D: Eastern Theatre Command
13: 1st Group Army of TC, 3rd brigade of CAB .
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So LD13 is 160th CAB of 72nd Group Army under Eastern Theatre command. Next 4 digits identify the battalion, company and number of vehicle,
6402: 6th battalion, 4th company, 02nd vehicle.
Following alphabets identify the affiliation of vehicles.
L Land
B North
D East
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N South
X Western
Z Central
S Tibet MD
J Xinjiang MD
For Marines, 1st Digit in a 4 digit number will be Brigade number, 2nd digit will be Battalion. 3rd and 4th are the Company details & vehicle no.
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Ending this thread here as it's too much to post on twitter. Check this link for more information including Battalion, Company and Squad level composition with weapons loadout.
Since illegal #Chinese funding to Indian journalists (and others) is in news, here is a partial list of Chinese organisations which work for CCP and are most likely involved in this scenario. Info provided here has some gaps & I won't go into details, but take a look.
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It starts with Strategic Support Force (SSF) & Ministry of State Security (MSS). They command or work with a wide network of local and foreign organisations involved in propaganda, espionage, warfare and R&D. SSF is involved in space, weapon development and other things too.
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SSF's oversees multiple departments & I'm not 100% sure about exact hierarchy yet. So take it FWIW.
Network Systems Department under SSF is meant for Information warfare operations through multiple Departments
-Cyber Warfare
-Electronic Warfare
-Multiple country specific
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A thread about #Jammu with information about history of the region & #Dogra culture.
Staring with an old portrait of Maharaja Gulab Singh, founder of Dogra dynasty & ruler of undivided Jammu, Kashmir, Laddakh, Gilgit, Baltistan & other territories. Compare with present map 1/
Before his reign, Jammu & surrounding areas had numerous small kingdoms & principalities. They were fiercely independent & proved impossible to be conquered and ruled under one banner.
Gulab Singh was the first one to do so and became 1st Maharaja of the region. 2/
A stamp released in 1934 shows actual territories controlled by the dynasty.
Text reads: Shree Ram Ji sahaay Jambu Kaashmir Tibbetadi National Stamp.
Picture is of Maharaja Hari Singh, last acting ruler till 1947.
Thread about Chinese PLA Rocket Force (PLARF), missiles and nuclear assets. Read on for a general overview.
For details and maps, visit this link: jjamwal.in/yayavar/chines…
There've been some new updates since this post was published, but those are relatively minor.
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PLARF is a unique force which holds the world's largest arsenal of ballistic missiles (BMs) & employs nearly 1 lakh (100 thousand) personnel. It is a separate arm from PLA Army, Air Force and Navy which have their own separate arsenals of SRBMs, cruise missiles (CMs) & SLBMs
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There are 2200-2500 ballistic missiles in China, of which 80-110 are ICBMs. There are supposedly 300-320 nuclear warheads which are spread across these ICBMs, SLBMS, ALCMs and a small number of shorter ranged BMs. Nearly all newer BMs are solid fueled apart from older DF-4
A thread about Pakistani Nuclear Forces, their assets and Command & Control structure. If you want just the basics, then read this thread.
For details and maps, go to this link: jjamwal.in/yayavar/pakist…
Questions (not dumb), corrections & feedback welcome. #orbat#osint
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Pakistan has managed to create a fairly good nuclear command structure and arsenal with help from China and US which ignored the illegal proliferation attempts and even helped the project in some ways. Although not as advanced and susceptible to internal security risks, 2/
it accounts for a huge portion of Pakistani defence spending.
Nuclear Command & Control consists of following organisations:
1. National Command Authority (NCA): Highest decision making command with 6 civilian ministers, 3 military and 1 intelligence as members.
Thread about Chinese Eastern Theatre Command (ETC) ground forces, their major assault force against Taiwan and possibly Japan.
More details with Google Maps link in the last tweet of this thread.
Thread about Chinese Marine Corps (PLAMC). More information and map in last tweet.
It is seemingly the fastest expanding arm of PLA since the last 4-5 years. Till 2017, it was a poorly equipped force with 2 Brigades. Now there are 7, 2 each under Eastern, Northern and
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Southern Theatre Navies and one under direct command of Marine Corps HQ. Total number of troops is around 40,000-50,000 right now and is expected to reach 1 lakh in 12-14 brigades. All Brigades have around 6000 troops except 7th Special Ops Brigade.
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The new Marine brigades follow a Combined Arms structure like Army:
-3 Amphibious Combined Arms Battalions, one of them light.
-1 Battalion each of Air Assault, Artillery, Air Defence, Recon, Combat Support and Service Support.