Mnemonic: PATE
(sound of पति; in Indian culture, 'religion' sees god as पति. eg: Pashu'pati' nath)
So, PATE:
25: Practice, Profess and Propagate one's religion
26: manage religious Affairs
27: no Taxes for promotion of any religion
28: no religious Education in state run institutions
5. Cultural & Educational Rights (29-30) 📕⛩️
Mnemonic: ME
29: protection of rights of Minorities
30: rights of minorities to Establish and administer Educational institutions
6. Rights to Constitutional Remedies (32-35)👩⚖️🪖
Mnemonic: SAME
32: Supreme court writ
33: parliament powers to modify Armed forces rights
34: Martial law
35: legislation to bring these into Effect
• Earliest record: Tipu Sultan's rockets in Anglo-Mysore wars (see image)
• Stalled during British era due to lack of interest, resources & research capacity
2. Post Independence
• 1958: Special Weapon Development Team estd.
(by 1962, this was called Defense Research & Development Lab (DRDL))
• 1970s:
Project Devil: to reverse-engineer Soviet Guideline missile; terminated in 80s but left imp. tech
Project Valiant: Attempted to develop ICBM w/ 8k km range; discontinued by mid 70s.
• 1980s:
IGMDP (Integrated Guided Missile Development Program) by Dr. Kalam →self-reliant goals in response to the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) restrictions