Human and environmental risk assessment hinges on the concept of Exposure Pathway. The pathway has 5 elements. If any of these 5 links is broken, there is no pathway and the risks are mitigated.
I would simplify the 5 elements to 3: 1. Source / Release into the environment. 2. Fate & Transport via the environment to receptors. 3. Receptor exposure.
I am old enough to remember the 1970s oil crisis resulting from the formation of the OPEC cartel. It came along with many other geopolitical crises and events: The Vietnam War; Watergate; Nixon's resignation; Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, and Ronald Reagan. epicenter.wcfia.harvard.edu/blog/geopoliti…
I have since come to think of the OPEC cartel's coordination as the imposition of a Carbon Tax on non oil-producing economies. Reagan's de-regulation of US oil production flooded the market with cheap, new supply and OPEC collapsed. csmonitor.com/1985/1213/opat…
France's solution to the OPEC threat was the Messmer Plan (1973ish), which remains Europe's backbone. Coordinated crude production and large-scale deployment of nuclear power worked then and will work today, guaranteed.
Not only the steel and coke, tens of thousands of gallons of diesel fuel and other precious resources. Plus, the "energy" produced is of extraordinarily low value to electric grids.
We all should be grateful and make generous donations (see the red Donate button? Come on. it's Christmas Eve Day). They did it - Clean Energy is (finally!) Here to Stay!
Indeed, the Fossil Fuel Defense Council (FFDC) scored a huge victory for its largest donors. We are seeing this play out today. Well-done! Donate today. lohud.com/story/news/202…
Reserve Power is backup, on-call, fuel-based power. Because it's held in reserve, it's nearly as expensive as an operating plant. ERCOT started charging ratepayers an additional $1.5 Billion for more reserve power. utilitydive.com/news/texas-gri…
In addition to reserve power costs, wind & solar are wearing out our fuel-based generating resources far more quickly than anybody planned. Chaos. #EnergyPoverty. Rube Gldberg Systems Engineering. open.substack.com/pub/bfrandall/…
How many slick lifecycle assessments supporting Wind & Solar address (i) the costs of Reserve Power; (ii) the costs of Operation, Maintanance, and early replacement of fuel-based generation plants; and (iii) the Carbon impacts of (i) and (ii)?
CHAOS: Unpredictable. Random. Variable. Unreliable. Chance. Uncertain. High-Entropy. Disordered. Capricious. Volatile. Inconstant. Aberrant. Haphazard. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.
The electric grid is a wonder of collective human invention, creativitivity, efficiency, and collective effort--from Edison to Tesla to my own Croatian ancestors who came to Butte, Montana to mine copper. Electrification transformed the world.
The electric grids that we share provide on-demand service. If you have not seen Professor Ruzic's (@EnergyProf) magnificient lecture, everybody on the planet should see it (I've posted a playlist of his lectures on my substack):