#1 Haitian Independence #tdih 1804 "We owe much to Walker for his appeal; to John Brown. . . but we owe incomparably more to Haiti . . . I regard her as original pioneer emancipator of 19th cent. — Frederick Douglass ⬇️ Art @rlmartstudio zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/hait…
Check out the new book "Fear of a Black Republic: Haiti and the Birth of Black Internationalism in the U.S." by @lesliemalex
"The imperative role Haiti and the Haitian Revolution played in the growth of Black internationalism, sovereignty and freedom." bookshop.org/a/7256/9780252…
#2 The Emancipation Proclamation took effect #tdih 1863.
#3 "History, I have often said, is a clock that people use to tell their political time of day. It is also a compass that people use to find themselves on the map of human geography." -- John Henrik Clarke (1/1/1915 – 7/12/1998) Born #tdih Read ⬇️ 🧵 zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/john…
#4 Rosewood Massacre began #tdih 1923. White supremacist destruction of a Black town in Florida & the murder of many of its residents. #Terrorism#SundownTown
Sadly one of many: Slocum (TX), Elaine (AR), Tulsa (OK), Colfax (LA), Memphis (TN), & more ⬇️. zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/rose…
The Rosewood Massacre was one of countless in U.S. history.
Most were designed to suppress voting rights, land ownership, economic advancement, education, freedom of press, labor rights, and more of African Americans, Native Americans, & more. See ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/collection/mas…
#5 "We will not make a pretense of being satisfied with the crumbs of citizenship while others enjoy the whole loaf only by right of a whiteskinned birth." — Rev. Matthew McCollough at #tdih 1960 Greenville SC Airport Protest
Read ⬇️ #TeachTruth 🧵 zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/gree…
#6 Murder of Oscar Grant III on #tdih 2009 by BART police officer in Oakland.
#tdih 1960. W. Tenn. Black sharecroppers registered to vote (to break all-white juries which denied fair trial).
White landowners evicted them in cold of winter, “barred them from buying groceries or gas, & from receiving bank loans & medical services.” zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/blac…
Two of the few Black farmers who owned land provided space for the homeless Tenn. sharecroppers to live in tents while they organized to defend their right to vote.
Read picture book by Alice Faye Duncan @AliceFa41743636, illus. by Charly Palmer: "Evicted!" about rural, grassroots Tent City Movement for right to vote.
No fairytale ending. Organizing with voting rights victory, but many lost jobs, forced to move. ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/materials/evic…
#tdih 1951, Paul Robeson submitted a petition (edited by William Patterson) to the U.N. titled, “We Charge Genocide: The Crime of Government Against the Negro People,” signed by close to 100 U.S. intellectuals and activists. 🧵 zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/we_c…
With the Cold War raging, the U.S. gov't maneuvered to prevent the U.N. Commission on Human Rights from formally debating or even considering the charges brought in the petition.
One of countless examples of white supremacist purpose of "Cold War" & McCarthyism. #TeachTruth
U.S. corporate media gave scant coverage to the petition or the crimes it documented. The few Gov't officials who commented on the petition described it as “Communist propaganda.” Elsewhere in world [& in U.S. Black press] it was well received & extensively covered in the press.
U.S. history textbooks don't help students understand the demand for reparations. So HS teacher & ZEP team member @ladyofsardines wrote lesson ⬇️for her students. #TeachOutsideTextbook
Powerful organizing story in U.S. history, yet many people associate it with isolated act by Rosa Parks, without context of Parks’ life of activism; decades of public transportation protest; nor role of WPC. ⬇️ zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/bus-…
The call to action came from a flier produced by Jo Ann Robinson of Women's Political Council (WPC) and a few associates.
They bravely mimeographed tens of thousands of leaflets to distribute across city. Read more at @NMAAHCnmaahc.si.edu/blog-post/jo-a… & watch "Eyes on the Prize."
This wasn't 1st protest against discrimination on public transportation. In 1955, Claudette Colvin & other woman took a stand.
For more than a century, there were hundreds of acts of civil disobedience & other protests. This is not a single story. See ⬇️ civilrightsteaching.org/desegregation/…
#tdih 1969. Assassination of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark -- shot to death by police in their Chicago apartment. #terrorism
Read more ⬇️ and find lessons (free via ZEP) to teach about the Black Panther Party, COINTELPRO, and police. #TeachTruth 🧵zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/blac…
See “The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and the Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther,” an interview with lawyer Jeffery Haas (co-founder of the People’s Law Office) on @democracynow ⬇️ democracynow.org/2009/12/4/the_…
Teach about this history with lesson below by Ursula Wolfe-Rocca, "Through examining FBI documents, students learn the scope of the FBI’s COINTELPRO campaign to spy on, infiltrate, discredit, and disrupt all corners of the Black Freedom Movement." zinnedproject.org/materials/coin…
"If the Government had the right to free us, she had a right to make some provision for us and since she did not make it soon after Emancipation she ought to make it now." -- Callie House, call for reparations, #tdih 1898 🧵
Read about Callie House and the National Ex-Slave Mutual Relief, Bounty, and Pension Association (first convention #otd 1898) in "My Face Is Black Is True" by Dr. Mary Frances Berry @DrMFBerry. ⬇️ bookshop.org/a/7256/9780307…
Reparations for African Americans are absent from most U.S. history textbooks. Therefore, Ursula Wolfe-Rocca wrote a gr. 7+ lesson. Students design a reparations bill for a mock congressional hearing.