KishoreIyer Profile picture
Jan 31, 2023 14 tweets 5 min read Read on X
Glanced through the #EconomicSurvey report. A very detailed report covering many parameters, a few of them from chapter 1:
1. Global Economic crises were severe but spaced out but since 2020 we have faced 3 of them. 2000s - Dotcom Bust, Great Recession; 2010s - taper tantrum;
Trade tension between China & US; 2020s - COVID 19, Russia-Ukraine conflict, Monetary Tightening & its just 2023 we still have 7 more years! so, interesting times

2. Commodity prices post the pandemic have risen and not gone back to pre pandemic levels so inflation is high
3. The rate hike by central banks have been very steep this time around which is expected to cause a lot of pain by destroying the demand.
The chart below gives you an idea. In 2010s you had 0% fed rates and now in 1 year the rates are up by 425 bps. Interesting times! Image
4. This led to FPIs selling Indian markets but we did not crack! which speaks volumes about the capacity of domestic institutions to absorb this selling!
In 2008-09 FIIs sold only ~1/3rd of this & NIFTY went down to ~2250 from ~6500 Image
5. India is the country with the highest GDP growth when the entire world is teetering. Very few ppl understand this Image
6. This table that shows the inherent strength in the system. The ~35 crore households have only ~36% of the total debt in India & the Government & industries have ~80% each.

HH debt in China is ~62% & US it is 76%. Industries are levered 220% in China & 155% in the US Image
Indian HH are better equipped to handle a crisis. This has a strong linkage to our culture that abhors debt. There is no other factor!

7. Our Current Account Deficit has widened but we have enough Forex reserves as cover. Exports might take a hit cos of global recession
8. Not one major organization has predicted a lower growth rate for India. One of the main reason has been the private consumption that has touched almost ~60% in H1FY23. This was lower at ~55 to 56% in the previous 7 years. could be pent up demand but we need to wait & see Image
9. This pent up demand was visible in the housing market as well. Home loans reported ~16%+ growth in the system with lower inventory over hang in the system.

10. Capex push by the center was huge & Private is also expected to participate. Image
11. Good growth has led to buoyant tax collections but moderate increase in the expenditure keeping the fiscal deficit under control even during COVID years Image
12. Private sector capex was at ~3.3lakh crores in H1FY23. With stronger balance sheets Indian corporates have been able to borrow for growth and the Banking system post the NPA crisis in 2017 is also pitching in. SME credit has picked up as well. Image
13. Urban unemployment rate has been at a 4 year low of 7.2%. This means that growth has returned and has created jobs as well post the Pandemic, which augurs well for the future. Image
On the whole India is strong with:
- good demand from the HHs
- strong balance sheet & spending from the corporates
- good govt spending
- strong balance sheet & credit growth in the banking system

concerns - global slowdown that might hit the exports
Will do a highlight of the Chapter 2 depending on the response that this thread gets.!

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More from @KishoreIyer5

Jul 16
Let's tackle this one by one!

If you had done a search using AI you would've got the answer but you didn't cos your quest isn't knowledge but just quibbling!

"Killing of Bhishma using Shikandi"

The original text of Mahabharata gives the perfect explanation for Bhishma's death that differs significantly from popular misconceptions. According to Vyasa's narrative, the strategy was not devised by Krishna through deception, but emerged through a dharmic process that involved Bhishma himself.

The Dharmic Process Leading to Bhishma's Death

Yudhishthira's Initiative, Not Krishna's Deception

Contrary to popular belief, it was Yudhishthira who proposed going to Bhishma to seek his counsel on how he could be defeated, not Krishna. The text explicitly states that this idea came from Yudhishthira "unprompted by anyone, all on his own". Yudhishthira recalled Bhishma's earlier promise to provide counsel, and suggested: "Therefore, let's again ask Bhishma about how he can be killed – you and all of us together".

Bhishma's Own Guidance
When the Pandavas approached Bhishma unarmed and with reverence, he freely provided the strategy: "Keep Shikhandi before Arjuna, and let Arjuna release his arrows and pierce my body. I will not fight with Shikhandi". This was Bhishma's own dharmic guidance, not a deceptive plot.

Krishna's Dharmic Justification: The Atatayi Principle

When Arjuna initially refused to implement Bhishma's suggestion, Krishna invoked the fundamental principle of dharma from the Brihaspati Niti Shastra:

"Even if he is someone senior to you or an aged person, or someone endowed with virtues, if he comes to you to kill you and thus becomes an ātatāyi, you must kill him. This, O Arjuna, is the eternal dharma of the kshatriyas".

The term ātatāyi refers to "a great sinner" or "anyone who is making an attempt on your life, even though he may not be a sinner otherwise". This principle establishes that when someone becomes a threat to your life in battle, regardless of their personal virtues or relationship to you, stopping them becomes a dharmic duty.

Vyasa's Moral Framework
Bhishma's Own Desire for Death

Vyasa presents Bhishma as ultimately desiring his own death. On the tenth day, Bhishma himself tells Yudhishthira: "I have totally lost all interest in this body, O Bharata. I have spent too much time killing men in battles. For that reason, if you want to do what will please me, please endeavor to get me killed".

The Reality of Battle
The text makes clear that Bhishma continued fighting with full strength - "Like enraged snakes filled with poison and projecting their tongues out, these arrows pierce my very vitals. No, these arrows are not Shikhandi's... These arrows are Arjuna's". Bhishma explicitly acknowledged that it was Arjuna's arrows, not Shikhandi's, that were defeating him.
//killing Karna when unarmed// - another "beaten to death" narrative

What Happened: The Mahabharata’s Account

During the climactic battle, Karna’s chariot wheel became stuck in the mud due to a curse.

As Karna struggled to free it, he requested Arjuna to pause, appealing to the rules of war.

Krishna urged Arjuna to shoot, reminding him of Karna’s own disregard for dharma when Abhimanyu was killed unarmed and helpless by Karna and others.

Arjuna shot and fatally wounded Karna at Krishna’s behest.

Primary Source Perspective: Karna Parva Narrative

Vyasa’s narrative does not describe Arjuna’s act as adharma (unrighteous). Instead, Krishna justifies Arjuna’s action based on previous violations of dharma by Karna and the Kauravas, especially in the brutal killing of Abhimanyu.

Krishna directly addresses the ethical dilemma: He tells Arjuna, "Remember how Abhimanyu was killed when he stood weaponless?"

He implies that the rules apply reciprocally and that one who disregards dharma cannot expect others to uphold it in turn.

Curse and Karmic Cycle
The epic also describes several curses on Karna, notably by his guru Parashurama and a Brahmin (whose cow Karna killed inadvertently), both of which prophesied that Karna would die helpless and unarmed. The narrative suggests that these curses were being fulfilled, framing his death as a result of his own past actions, not as an unprovoked adharmic act by Arjuna.

Dharmic Justification in Vyasa’s Mahabharata

Vyasa presents Karna’s death as an outcome of his actions and the workings of cosmic justice (karma and nemesis). The sense is that Karna reaped what he sowed—the violation of war codes against Abhimanyu resulted in a similar fate for himself.

Krishna’s justification:

Krishna explicitly tells Arjuna not to hesitate, emphasizing that the ethical balance needs to be restored, and that dharma is not a shield for those who themselves violated it.

Nowhere in the critical edition of Vyasa’s Mahabharata is Arjuna blamed or accused of sinning; rather, the act fits within the logic of retributive justice that the epic upholds.
//Manipulating death of Aswatama//

Background: The Circumstances of Ashwathama’s "Death"
Ashwathama, son of Dronacharya, was a formidable warrior fighting on the Kaurava side.

To counter Drona’s near invincibility, the Pandavas (advised by Krishna) executed a strategy involving announcing the death of Ashwathama.

Yudhishthira declared "Ashwathama is dead," which was a half-truth referring to an elephant named Ashwathama, not the warrior himself.

This deception caused Dronacharya to lose heart and lay down his arms, making his killing possible.

The moral dilemma arises because this was a planned manipulation, bordering on untruth, contrasting with Yudhishthira’s known commitment to truthfulness.

Vyasa’s Commentary and Dharmic Justification
Vyasa portrays this act as part of the greater dharma of war, where strategy and necessity sometimes compel actions that are not straightforwardly truthful but serve the overarching cause of righteousness.

The manipulation was carried out:

To end a war that had already descended into extreme violence and moral chaos.

To neutralize a warrior whose skills threatened the survival of dharma upheld by the Pandavas.

With the explicit knowledge that Drona would only surrender his weapons upon hearing the death of his beloved son, making it a psychological tactic rather than outright betrayal.

While Yudhishthira was initially reluctant, he concedes understanding the necessity of this act for the sake of dharma.

Moral and Cosmic Balance Aspects

The Mahabharata sets war as an arena where dharma is not simply about absolute adherence to truth but about restoring cosmic order and righteousness.

Vyasa frames this incident as an example of the nuanced understanding of dharma, where:

The dharmic goal (end of Drona’s tyranny, protection of the Pandavas, restoration of justice) justified a tactical ruse.

The act is not glorified but accepted as an unfortunate necessity in the context of the larger dharmic war.

This is consistent with the recurring theme in the epic that war often involves difficult choices where conventional morality blends with the demands of higher dharma.
Read 10 tweets
May 25
A month ago I visited 14 Divya Desams in and around Nangur in the Sikazhi belt. Thirumangai azhwar has sung mangala saasanam in 11 of them.

1. Kaazhicheeraama Vinnagaram - Thirivikaraman Perumal

The moolavar is Trivikraman Image
The Thayar is Lokanayaki. The Theertham is sangu chakra pushkarini and the Vimanam is Pushkalavartha Vimanam.

The legend is that Lord Vishnu blessed Romasa Muni with a vision of Trivikrama.

It is believed that Thirumangai Alwar won a debate with Thirugyana sambandhar.
2. Thiruvaali Thirunagari - Sri Lakshmi Narashima Perumal

One of the pancha Narasimha Kshetram. This is the place where Thirumangai azhwar's wife Kumudhavalli was raised.

The moolavar at Tiruvaali is Lakshmi Narasimhar in a seated posture and the Thayar is Amrita Ghatavalli Image
Read 14 tweets
Apr 3
Last weekend was one of the best ones that I've had in a long time... Visited Trichy and finished all the Divya Desams inside and around it... And finally got to see the most beautiful Vaduvur Ramar and Mannargudi Rajagopalaswamy!

Thread!
Like everyone started with Sri Rangam!
Everyone knows about Sri Rangam so I'm not going to add much.

This is the greatest wonder of this world of any period! All the Sannadhis have withstood the test of nature, islamic invasions and humongous crowds! Image
The perumal on the main gopuram! Image
Read 25 tweets
Feb 5
Just so that everyone knows,

The dargah on the hilltop at Thiruparamkundram is built around the grave of Sikandhar Shah of Madurai Sultanate

It was established in 1335 and ended in 1378 and in a span of 43 years it had 8 rulers!

The last one was Sikandhar Shah
The Madurai Sultanate was a feudatory of the Delhi Sultanate but after the financial stress faced by the Delhi Sultanate worsened the Madurai Sultanate led by Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan broke away and declared independence.

Mind you Jalaluddin was called an Afghan!
The Delhi sultanate at that time were the Tughlaqs and Jalaluddin's son Ibrahim was their treasurer.

When Tughluq heard of Jalaluddin's rebellion he had his son Ibrahim killed in retaliation.

Though Jalaluddin defeated Tuglaq's army he was murdered by one of his own nobles
Read 15 tweets
Nov 16, 2024
I've been thinking a lot on the lack of "cleanliness" of a lot of cities in India, and something really struck me!

Indians were never unclean. There are documented/archeological records of the Indian civilization having the best sanitation facilities amongst all civilizations!
When Rome was ridden with plague, Indians used to send waste water away from the civilization to keep the people infection free

When Europeans used to defecate on the street, Indians used to bathe twice daily and used incense sticks!
Where did it all go wrong?

There has to be a timeline, after which Indian cities deteriorated.

This lack of hygiene didn't really creep in on its own. There should definitely be an event that drove this!

I'll definitely blame the colonization both Islamic and European!
Read 5 tweets
Sep 11, 2024
Sathyaraj, being the agenda driven puppet that he is, plays his part in telling lies through this low IQ medium!

India exports Buffalo meat doesn't export Cow meat at least officially/legally!

Let's look at some of the facts!
Most of it taken from HMA Agro's DRHP Image
Buffalo meat forms 69% of the animal products exported from India

Export Volume is ~1.2MT & value is ~25,000 crores

6 to 7 players dominate the industry with ~77%+ market share

The top exporters are
1. Allanasons
2. HMA Agro
3. Fair Exports
4. Rustom Foods
5. Al-Hamd Foods
Top 10 export destinations in FY22
1. Egypt
2. Malaysia
3. Vietnam
4. Indonesia
5. Iraq
6. Hong Kong
7. Saudi Arabia
8. UAE
9. Philippines
10. Jordan

The share of Vietnam fell in FY22. It usually was 30%+
Read 13 tweets

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