27 FEBRUARY 1991 – BATTLE OF NORFOLK (“FRIGHT NIGHT”) – OPERATION DESERT STORM
DESERT STORM’s second major armor engagement and one of the largest tank battles in American history closely followed the Battle of 73 Easting in the early morning hours of 27 FEB.
Hours after the U.S.-led coalition smashed the enemy at 73 Easting, the 3rd BDE, 2nd AD (“Hell on Wheels”) and the 1st ID (“The Big Red One”), along with elements of other assorted British and American units, engaged the enemy just a few miles from 73 Easting. #USArmy#TRADOC
The battle took its name from Objective Norfolk, a road junction and enemy supply depot near the point of engagement. The leading edge of VII Corps – Task Force 1-41 Infantry (Task Force Iron) – met the enemy at 0030 on the morning of the 27th amid darkness and driving rain.
The chaos of the night fighting earned the battle the moniker “Fright Night”, as Iraqi soldiers surrounded U.S. tanks and fighting vehicles, climbing atop them and ambushing U.S. armor from hidden positions.
The battle grew in scale as more U.S.-led troops brought the hammer down on Objective Norfolk. By dawn the 1st ID was firmly in control of Objective Norfolk, and by the end of combat operations eight Iraqi divisions had been shattered by the American attack. @USArmy@TRADOC
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In the small standing force maintained by the U.S. Army at the start of the War with Spain in 1898, a many Black soldiers served in the Army across four segregated regiments: the 9th and 10th Cav. and the 24th and 25th Inf. (collectively referred to as the Buffalo Soldiers).
The force committed to the land campaign in Cuba during the War with Spain had a total strength of about 15,000 men. Of its 26 regiments, three were composed of U.S. Volunteers while most were Regular Army regiments, including the four Buffalo Soldier regiments. @USArmy
Over the course of just 100 hours, U.S. and allied ground forces in Iraq and Kuwait decisively defeated the battle-hardened and dangerous Iraqi military, and President George H.W. Bush declared a victorious ceasefire on 28 FEB.
During air and ground ops, the U.S.-led coalition destroyed over 3,000 tanks, 1,400 armored personnel carriers, and 2,200 artillery pieces along with countless other vehicles. This was achieved at a cost to the U.S. of 98 soldiers killed and 105 non-hostile deaths. #Armyhistory
With Kuwait liberated, U.S. forces immediately turned to humanitarian missions. They sorted out refugees, assisted the Kuwaitis in reoccupying their city, and helped them begin the long process of rebuilding. #USArmy#TRADOC#Forscom#DesertStorm#GulfWar#MilitaryHistory
The most famous portion of the Highway of Death is Highway 80, the main artery connecting Iraq and Kuwait; an important spur of the road inside Iraq was Highway 8, which was used by Iraqi military elements as they fled in the face of the U.S. advance and attempted to regroup.
In the Army’s “turkey shoot,” the 24th ID engaged the enemy on Highway 8 during the afternoon/evening of the 27th, employing artillery, armor, and AH-64 Apache helicopters to decimate Iraqi forces, destroying 185 armored vehicles and 400 trucks.
27 FEBRUARY 1991 – BATTLE OF MEDINA RIDGE – OPERATION DESERT STORM
The final epic clash of armor during DESERT STORM occurred on the afternoon of 27 FEB, when the 1st AD (“Old Ironsides”) and the 3rd ID (“Rock of the Marne”) engaged the enemy on a rise dubbed “Medina Ridge”.
After losing a huge portion of their armor in the Battle of 73 Easting and the Battle of Norfolk, enemy forces entrenched themselves at Medina Ridge for a last stand against the overwhelming might of the American VII Corps. #DesertStorm#GulfWar#ArmyArt#MilitaryHistory
The Iraqi positions on the reverse slope of Medina Ridge allowed the bulk of the enemy to avoid the U.S. M1's devastating direct fire; when the battle was joined, the Iraqis stood and fought rather than quickly disintegrating as it had elsewhere. @USArmy@TRADOC@1stArmoredDiv
The 555th Parachute Infantry Battalion company headquarters infantry guidon is currently on exhibit at the 82d Museum. The 555th was an African American parachute unit during World War II and was based primarily at Pendleton, Oregon and Chico, California.
In April 1945, the 555th was sent to US West Coast as smoke jumpers to combat forest fires that Japanese balloons ignited. During “Operation Firefly” from April to October 1945, the 555th made 1,200 jumps and helped suppress thirty-six forest fires. One paratrooper was killed.
In Jan 1776, Royal Governor Josiah Martin learned that a British military expedition of 2,000 men led by Maj Gen Henry Clinton was heading to the southern colonies to suppress the rebellion. He ordered the Loyalist militia to muster and prepare to join forces with the British.
The militiamen and continentals mobilized to prevent the junction of the two enemy forces, and blocked the crossing at Moores Creek Bridge, about 18 miles north of Wilmington, NC. To make the crossing more difficult, they removed the planks and greased the beams and stringers.