A 🧵 on SARSCoV2 effects on the immune system: immune dysregulation, aging of immune cells, cell apoptosis, risk for autoimmune disease, oncogenic (cancer causing), harming immune system and susceptibility to secondary infections.
frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
“T cell counts are reduced significantly in COVID-19 patients, and the surviving T cells appear functionally exhausted.”
“T cell counts are reduced significantly in COVID-19 patients, and the surviving T cells appear functionally exhausted.”
nature.com/articles/s4142…
“…. the total number of NK and CD8+ T cells was decreased markedly in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The function of NK and CD8+ T cells was exhausted with the increased expression of NKG2A in COVID-19 patients…
“…. the total number of NK and CD8+ T cells was decreased markedly in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The function of NK and CD8+ T cells was exhausted with the increased expression of NKG2A in COVID-19 patients…
…”results suggest that the functional exhaustion of cytotoxic lymphocytes is associated with SRAS-CoV-2 infection”
”during the acute phase of their COVID-19 infection. A comparable reduction in B-cells was found in both diseases and a more severe reduction in the total amount of T-cells in COVID-19 compared to AIDS patients.”
researchgate.net/publication/34…
researchgate.net/publication/34…
jci.org/articles/view/…
Title of article: Sustained cellular immune dysregulation in individuals recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection
Title of article: Sustained cellular immune dysregulation in individuals recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection
nature.com/articles/s4146…
”We uncovered changes in the protein landscape that revealed immunosuppression and impaired tight junctions in COVID-19 patients in the early stage of infection
”We uncovered changes in the protein landscape that revealed immunosuppression and impaired tight junctions in COVID-19 patients in the early stage of infection
“Both HIV1 & SARSCoV2 share CD4+ Tcell loss in association w/ disease outcome and immunodeficiency. Direct attacks on CD4+Tcells, immune activation & redistribution of CD4+ Tcell are contributing mechanisms in very different proportion for CD4+ Tcell lymphopenia in both diseases
link.springer.com/article/10.100…
Upregulated expression of NRP-1 by COVID-19 may be a significant cause of long-term CNS-related pathological complications and possibly lead to progression of primary brain tumors, especially in cases infected by SARS-CoV-2 several tim
Upregulated expression of NRP-1 by COVID-19 may be a significant cause of long-term CNS-related pathological complications and possibly lead to progression of primary brain tumors, especially in cases infected by SARS-CoV-2 several tim
nature.com/articles/s4159…
80% of peripheral T cells die during SARS Cov 2 infection, with proliferation of 20% of the CD8 T cell pool
80% of peripheral T cells die during SARS Cov 2 infection, with proliferation of 20% of the CD8 T cell pool
nature.com/articles/s4159…
antibodies isolated from vaccinated people were better at binding SARS- CoV-2 spike protein than those with "natural immunity".
antibodies isolated from vaccinated people were better at binding SARS- CoV-2 spike protein than those with "natural immunity".
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Preprint fron atrong team of researchers who stuy HIV
Findings:
*increased CD4+ T cells poised to migrate to inflamed tissues
*exhausted SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells
*mis-coordination between T and B cell responses
Preprint fron atrong team of researchers who stuy HIV
Findings:
*increased CD4+ T cells poised to migrate to inflamed tissues
*exhausted SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells
*mis-coordination between T and B cell responses
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
NEW STUDY shows impaired generation of T cell memory responses in children vs adults. The rapid elimination of virus by the immune system reduces the antigen availability and prolonged cytokine exposure needed to generate long-lived cellular immunity.
NEW STUDY shows impaired generation of T cell memory responses in children vs adults. The rapid elimination of virus by the immune system reduces the antigen availability and prolonged cytokine exposure needed to generate long-lived cellular immunity.
spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijmm.2…
"SARS‑CoV‑2 is capable of binding to these two proteins (ACE2 & TMPRSS2 in the digestive system).. As a result, the body experiences immune & inflammatory reactions, which may lead to nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding,..."
"SARS‑CoV‑2 is capable of binding to these two proteins (ACE2 & TMPRSS2 in the digestive system).. As a result, the body experiences immune & inflammatory reactions, which may lead to nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding,..."
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
SARS Cov 2 is infecting Children's lymphoid tissue and their T cells in their tonsils.
25% of kids were positive despite no respiratory symptoms
The virus has a tropism for the lymphatics and T cells, and is persisten
SARS Cov 2 is infecting Children's lymphoid tissue and their T cells in their tonsils.
25% of kids were positive despite no respiratory symptoms
The virus has a tropism for the lymphatics and T cells, and is persisten
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Preprint
“SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of developing new-onset autoimmune diseases after the acute phase of infection.”
Preprint
“SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of developing new-onset autoimmune diseases after the acute phase of infection.”
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
published in the Journal of Autoimmunity, shows that those living with pre-existing autoimmune diseases were at least 3 times more likely to develop #LongCovid after infection with SARS-CoV-2 than those who do not have these conditions
published in the Journal of Autoimmunity, shows that those living with pre-existing autoimmune diseases were at least 3 times more likely to develop #LongCovid after infection with SARS-CoV-2 than those who do not have these conditions
frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
"SARS-CoV-2 can also be taken up by platelets through endocytosis, leading to platelet apoptosis, and soluble SP... has been shown to directly activate platelets supporting blood hypercoagulation”
"SARS-CoV-2 can also be taken up by platelets through endocytosis, leading to platelet apoptosis, and soluble SP... has been shown to directly activate platelets supporting blood hypercoagulation”
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
"These data suggest that rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in children may compromise their cellular immunity and ability to resist reinfection.
"These data suggest that rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in children may compromise their cellular immunity and ability to resist reinfection.
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Preprint
study in 640k patients shows that SARSCoV2 infection leads to 43% increased risk of developing new-onset autoimmune diseases after acute COVID19 over.
Preprint
study in 640k patients shows that SARSCoV2 infection leads to 43% increased risk of developing new-onset autoimmune diseases after acute COVID19 over.
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Preprint
"We found a 42.63% higher likelihood of acquiring autoimmunity for patients who had suffered from COVID-19"
641,704 patients with COVID-19 were included in the study.
Comparing the incidence rates in the COVID-19 and matched control groups.
Preprint
"We found a 42.63% higher likelihood of acquiring autoimmunity for patients who had suffered from COVID-19"
641,704 patients with COVID-19 were included in the study.
Comparing the incidence rates in the COVID-19 and matched control groups.
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
The COVID-19 cohort exhibited significantly higher risks of:
- ankylosing spondylitis (adjusted hazard ratio:3.21);
- systemic lupus erythematosus (2.99);
- rheumatoid arthritis (2.98);
- psoriasis (2.91);
- polymyalgia rheumatica (2.90);
- etc.
The COVID-19 cohort exhibited significantly higher risks of:
- ankylosing spondylitis (adjusted hazard ratio:3.21);
- systemic lupus erythematosus (2.99);
- rheumatoid arthritis (2.98);
- psoriasis (2.91);
- polymyalgia rheumatica (2.90);
- etc.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jm…
Covid mutates and escapes immune sustem leading to reinfection
Covid mutates and escapes immune sustem leading to reinfection
erj.ersjournals.com/content/61/1/2…
A new study finds that circulating autoantibodies observed at 12 months post-COVID may statistically explain persisting symptoms (e.g., fatigue, dyspnea) and inflammation in a subset of #LongCovid patients.
A new study finds that circulating autoantibodies observed at 12 months post-COVID may statistically explain persisting symptoms (e.g., fatigue, dyspnea) and inflammation in a subset of #LongCovid patients.
journals.plos.org/plospathogens/…
HIV antibodies found to help nuetralise Sars 2/Covid and recommended as new potential treatment: study.
HIV antibodies found to help nuetralise Sars 2/Covid and recommended as new potential treatment: study.
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
A new study showed "an elevation of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neuroinflammation in Neuro #LongCovid patients and a rise of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain, evocative of neuronal damage.
A new study showed "an elevation of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neuroinflammation in Neuro #LongCovid patients and a rise of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain, evocative of neuronal damage.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.10…
An immunotherapy that can remove S protein affected cells in #COVID19 and #LongCovid
An immunotherapy that can remove S protein affected cells in #COVID19 and #LongCovid
nature.com/articles/s4142…
"a novel mechanism of receptor-independent SARS-CoV-2 infection via cell-to-cell transmission, provide new insights into antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2"
"results support that EVs are physiopathologically relevant in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
"a novel mechanism of receptor-independent SARS-CoV-2 infection via cell-to-cell transmission, provide new insights into antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2"
"results support that EVs are physiopathologically relevant in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
You make also like these thread of covid and the brain
https://twitter.com/gringogranadino/status/1629861446241615872
You may also like this thread of sars2 and the cardiovascular system
https://twitter.com/gringogranadino/status/1611234978137792512
I just by mistake deleted half the thread by deleting one study that I had already i cluded! Wtf!!!
idp.nature.com/authorize?resp…
A silent killer’ - COVID-19 shown to trigger inflammation in the brain
Research led by The University of Queensland has found COVID-19 activates the same inflammatory response in the brain as Parkinson’s disease
A silent killer’ - COVID-19 shown to trigger inflammation in the brain
Research led by The University of Queensland has found COVID-19 activates the same inflammatory response in the brain as Parkinson’s disease
nature.com/articles/s4138…
A silent killer’ - COVID-19 shown to trigger inflammation in the brain
Research led by The University of Queensland has found COVID-19 activates the same inflammatory response in the brain as Parkinson’s disease
A silent killer’ - COVID-19 shown to trigger inflammation in the brain
Research led by The University of Queensland has found COVID-19 activates the same inflammatory response in the brain as Parkinson’s disease
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
Results suggest lymphoid tissue can be a reservoir of SARS-CoV-2.
It remains unclear for how long the lymphoid tissue can sustain the SARS-CoV-2 in a persistent infection, and whether this persistence has any impact on virus transmission.
Results suggest lymphoid tissue can be a reservoir of SARS-CoV-2.
It remains unclear for how long the lymphoid tissue can sustain the SARS-CoV-2 in a persistent infection, and whether this persistence has any impact on virus transmission.
nature.com/articles/s4146…
“…Their gene expression signature & function switched from canonical innate immune functions to a pro-thrombotic phenotype characterized by ⬆️ expression of pathways involved in immunothrombosis & increased capacity 2 form cell aggregates w platelets.”
“…Their gene expression signature & function switched from canonical innate immune functions to a pro-thrombotic phenotype characterized by ⬆️ expression of pathways involved in immunothrombosis & increased capacity 2 form cell aggregates w platelets.”
nature.com/articles/s4159…
"Our results identify a novel model of intercellular crosstalk following SARS-CoV-2 infection that evoke immune responses positioned to contribute to elevated cytokine production associated with COVID-19 progression, severity, and long-haul symptoms."
"Our results identify a novel model of intercellular crosstalk following SARS-CoV-2 infection that evoke immune responses positioned to contribute to elevated cytokine production associated with COVID-19 progression, severity, and long-haul symptoms."
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Pre print,
In symptomatic patients, the results suggest an inhibition occurring at the germinal center hinting at a reduction in memory B cell production.
This could contribute to the shortage in the formation of memory B cells in COVID-19.
Pre print,
In symptomatic patients, the results suggest an inhibition occurring at the germinal center hinting at a reduction in memory B cell production.
This could contribute to the shortage in the formation of memory B cells in COVID-19.
nature.com/articles/s4141…
”compatible with a model in which T-cell apoptosis accounts for T lymphopenia with severe COV19.”
”compatible with a model in which T-cell apoptosis accounts for T lymphopenia with severe COV19.”
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