U.S. MILITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND, VIETNAM (MACV) - END OF THE VIETNAM WAR 50TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION –
The main command instrument for U.S. forces in Vietnam, MACV presided over U.S. combat involvement in the conflict and became synonymous with the U.S. war effort.
MACV was formed in FEB 1962 to complement the Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG). In the ensuing years combat troop activity escalated to the point that MACV absorbed MAAG in 1964, becoming the chief U.S. command in Vietnam. #Armyhistory#USArmy#TRADOC#VietnamWar
MACV was in principal control over all U.S. forces in Vietnam, under the leadership of a U.S. Army General. MACV’s commanders were Paul D. Harkins (1962 – 1964), William C. Westmoreland (1964 – 1968), Creighton Abrams (1968 – 1972), and Frederick C. Weyand (1972 – 1973).
During the period of MACV control in Vietnam, U.S. troop presence increased from just over 23,000 in 1964 to a peak of over 536,000 in 1968 before steadily declining until the U.S. withdrawal in 1973.
MACV occupied a Saigon office complex dubbed “Pentagon East” from which it oversaw conventional land, sea, and riverine warfare elements as well as field advisory and special operations elements, most famously through the Studies and Observations Group (MACV-SOG). @USArmy
MACV was dissolved as the last troops departed Vietnam on 29 MAR 1973. It was replaced by the Defense Attaché Office, Saigon, which took on the advisory and support duties of MACV within the parameters laid out by the Paris Peace Accords.
SPECIAL FORCES AND OPERATIONS IN VIETNAM
The modern conception of U.S. military special operations crystallized during the #VietnamWar, when elite special forces units conducted clandestine operations under the command of the MACV Studies and Observations Group (MACV-SOG).
MACV-SOG was created on 24 JAN 1964 as a joint task force dedicated to covert operations under the command of a U.S. Army Special Forces colonel; accession to the unit was strictly voluntary, and the Army 5th Special Forces Group provided the largest share of volunteers. #USArmy
Its elements conducted a wide range of sensitive missions, including strategic reconnaissance, personnel recovery, psychological operations, direct action, sabotage, and counterintelligence. As the war escalated SOG grew, and its activities expanded into other countries. #TRADOC
3 APRIL 1969 - VIETNAMIZATION BEGINS - #VietnamWar
Shortly after taking office, President Richard M. Nixon announced a policy that heralded the coming end to US combat in Southeast Asia and a simultaneous strengthening of South Vietnam's ability to defend itself. #Armyhistory
On 3 Apr 1969, Nixon proposed to begin the process of Vietnamization as part of the new strategy. On 8 June 1969 the Midway Conference was held and upon completion of talks South Vietnam, and US heads of state announced the initial withdrawal of US troops.
The option for further withdrawals was to be geared to the improvement and modernization of the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, developments at the Peace Talks in Paris, and the status of enemy capabilities and activities.
MUSEUM MONDAY - The US Army BG Don F. Pratt Memorial Museum, Ft. Campbell, KY- a
Artifact Spotlight.
The Pratt exhibits and collection recall the battles and exploits of these historic units from WWII to the present. Our spotlight artifact is the CG-4 Waco glider of WWII fame.
The CG-4 Waco was the 3rd most produced aircraft of WWII. Though 13,500 were produced, only a handful remain. It was towed behind a C-47 into a Landing Zone secured behind enemy lines the night before by lightly armed and supplied parachutist. #USArmy#TRADOC#ArmyMuseums
It could carry a 13-man glider infantry squad, or because its nose which could be opened, it could carry either a jeep, an anti-tank gun, a small howitzer, mortars, heavy machine guns, or 2,200 lbs. of supplies or ammunition. #WWII#WWIIGliders#FortCampbell#AirAssault
M72 LIGHT ANTI-TANK WEAPON (LAW) - END OF THE VIETNAM WAR 50TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION
The standard anti-tank weapon during the Vietnam War, the M72 LAW continued the legacy of WWII’s “bazooka,” providing frontline troops with compact, lightweight high explosive firepower.
Developed during the late-1950’s as a cheap anti-armor weapon, the M72 was a 2.6 inch single-use HEAT warhead launcher. Just over two feet long and weighing 5.5 pounds with a range of about 660 feet, the M72 was a great improvement over its WWII-era predecessor.
U.S. Army soldiers found the M72 to be the perfect anti-armor and anti-emplacement weapon for the dense jungles of Vietnam; its collapsed carrying state was waterproof, and its low weight ensured it did little to burden soldiers in the Southeast Asian heat and humidity.
RADIOMEN AND BATTLEFIELD COMMUNICATIONS - END OF VIETNAM WAR 50TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION #VietnamWar
One of the most enduring images of the Vietnam War is that of the radioman on patrol, his back-mounted radio providing vital communications in the Vietnamese jungle. @USArmy
During the Vietnam War, the back-mounted AN/PRC-25 “Prick 25” (succeeded by the AN/PRC-77) was an essential piece of battlefield tactical communications equipment. With a range of 3–5 miles, the PRC-25 allowed units to communicate with each other and with rear elements. @TRADOC
The role of combat radioman was one of the riskiest in Vietnam. Its 10-foot antenna made radiomen prime targets, and the role famously (if perhaps doubtful) earned a reputation for having an average firefight survival time of just 5 seconds. #Armyhistory#USArmy#TRADOC
The U.S. Tenth Army invaded Okinawa in the Ryukyus Islands, which the Japanese considered home territory. The U.S. Tenth Army, commanded by LT Gen Simon B. Buckner Jr., included the Army XXIV Corps and Marine III Amphibious Corps.
The campaign began on 26 Mar 1945 when the 77th Inf Division landed on the small Kerama Islands near Okinawa, after which the U.S. established forward bases to support the next phase of the campaign.
Operation ICEBERG, the amphibious assault on Okinawa itself, took place on 1 April when with the Army's 7th and 96th Inf DVNs, and the 1st and 6th Marine DVNs landed on Okinawa. The 27th ID followed ashore on 9 April.