Pretty ironic to see the Bank of Cda cite the (slight) April increase in year/year CPI (from 4.3% to 4.4%) as part of the rationale for today's 8th interest hike. Let's refresh their memories as to the *causes* of that uptick, from the StatsCan release: www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quoti… /2
The April uptick in yr/yr CPI was mostly due, StatsCan reported, to higher rents & mortgage debt charges. Both of those are direct effects of *higher* interest rates. Mortgage debt (3% of the CPI bundle) is skyrocketing. Rents are a bigger weight (6.57%), also growing fast. /3
Rents grow because of higher int. rates cuz:
* People can't afford a house, so turn to renting.
* Landlords charge more to cover their own debt charges.
High interest rates are crushing new housing supply (both to-own & to-rent), so the surge in housing costs will get worse. /4
So the Bank of Canada is effectively saying: “Inflation got worse last month (because of higher interest rates), so we’re going to increase interest rates again.” Pretty scary when life starts to imitate the Beaverton:
Another installment in the Great Aussie Profit-Prices Debate occurred at Senate Estimates yesterday, when RBA Governor Philip Lowe was served a Dorothy Dixer by Senator Bragg, former ED of the BCA (who certainly has a view on whether profits can ever be "too high"). /2
Lowe repeated familiar RBA arguments about why he is not concerned that profits have fueled inflation. But it's worth closely reviewing his language, which speaks volumes about the prior assumptions baked into orthodox macro policy in 🇦🇺. /3
First Lowe claimed "profits have increased broadly in line with the economy." That's just flat-out false: corp profits reached their highest share of GDP ever in 2022 (29%). That's almost 2x what they were in the 70s--and a key reason why inflation today differs from the 70s. /4
An interesting (and hopeful) angle in today's 🇨🇦 GDP release. Economy-wide inflation (measured by the GDP deflator) has largely abated: up just 1.3% in last 12 mos. This corresponds to a moderation of the excess profits corporations racked up in post-lockdown period. #cdnecon /2
Gross corporate operating surpluses are down 6% over the last yr. That's largely because of lower fossil fuel energy prices (& profits), but also due to easing supply constraints & lower profit-taking in other key sectors (like building products, autos, primary metals, M&E). /3
We had documented the sectors that had seen the biggest increases in profits (and biggest price hikes) when inflation peaked in mid-2022; see our @CntrFutureWork report on 15 super-profitable sectors: centreforfuturework.ca/2022/12/02/fif…. /4
🧵For those fretting that incremental measures in today's 🇨🇦 #Budget2023 will somehow fan the flames of inflation, please remember: The fiscal foot has been firmly on the brake for 2 yrs. Program spending is down 1/3 since COVID peak. Down 12% in first 9 mos of this fy #cnecon /2
And for those who believe inflation is caused by deficits, please remember: 98% of the COVID deficit has been eliminated. Deficit over 1st 9mos of this fy was just $5.5b (Fiscal Monitor). Year-end deficit may be padded in the budget. But the deficit is effectively gone. /3
And for those who claim giving a tidbit of aid to low-income households (through extension of enriched GST credit) will fuel inflation, please remember: the $2.5b cost of that credit = 0.4% of total consumer spending (over 6 mos). No possible impact on overall price level. /4
In light of Loblaw's inept efforts on social media to justify its super-sized inflation-fueling profits, this is an opportune time to remind shoppers of four crucial economic facts regarding supermarket profitability: 🧵
A. Food retail profits have more than doubled from pre-pandemic norms. /3
B. Their higher profits are NOT the result of a constant profit margin collected from a growing base of sales. Claims to this effect are outright lies. The average margin has increased by three-quarters since the pandemic. /4
🧵Consumer prices fell 0.6% in 🇨🇦 in Dec., yr/yr CPI growth fell to 6.3% (from 8.1% in June). This is good. But lest anyone interpret this as evidence that Bank of Canada tightening is 'working', or relief is imminent, let's review the short history of this inflation. #cdnecon /2
Pandemic caused big breaks in global supply (not fully repaired yet) & big shifts in global demand (mostly, not fully, rebalanced). Govt stimulus maintained aggregate demand & prevented a depression. For a short time, demand exceeded supply (mostly due to constrained supply). /3
Quick phase-out of COVID supports then cut household spending power quickly; it is now below pre-COVID trend. Supply has rebounded but still not caught up to pre-COVID trend. We are currently in a situation where both supply and demand are below potential. /4
Also true in most other OECD countries too, incl. Canada and Australia (both have record-high profit shares). It is decisions by firms to increase prices that are the proximate cause of inflation, and they've been lifting them substantially more than their own costs require. /2
I'm amazed at how both the economic right & moral legitimacy of firms literally *causing* inflation are absolutely taken for granted in policy discussions of inflation control. Do we blame 'greed'? Of course not: firms are *supposed* to maximize their profits! #WhatsTheDiff /3
In this view the only way to stop firms from increasing prices more than costs is to take away purchasing power from people paying those prices: punishing the victims. Trying to *protect* the victims (with higher wages, benefits, subsidies) is then seen as 'causing' inflation. /4