19.06.1944 | #OTD Gottfried Schwarz, nicknamed Friedl, was killed bij partisans in Italy. He was an SS-Untersturmführer who participated in Aktion T4 and Operation Reinhard, notably as deputy camp commander of Belzec. He also commanded the Dorohucza labor camp. 👇🏼/1
Member of the SS , Gottfried Schwarz, after the takeover of power by the Nazis was assigned to the Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler and guard of the @DachauMemorial concentration camp . During an action against partisans, he was shot in San Pietro al Natisone on June 19, 1944. /2
Between 1939 and 1940 he joined the staff of Aktion T4 , in the framework of which he was responsible for the burning of corpses, especially in the extermination centers of Grafeneck and Bernburg . /3
T4 Program, also called T4 Euthanasia Program, Nazi German effort - framed as a euthanasia program - to kill incurably ill, physically or mentally disabled, emotionally distraught, and elderly people. Hitler initiated the program in 1939. /4
In late 1941, Schwarz became the deputy to Christian Wirth , then commander of the Bełżec death camp. After the dismantling of the Bełżec camp, he was promoted to commander of the Dorohucza labor camp in March 1943. /5
Dorohucza was 5km NE of Trawniki, on the Wieprz River. The camp had 3 barracks in U-shape around an Appellplatz and a watchtower. On the 4th side were barracks for SS, Trawninki men and a kitchen. These 3 buildings stood outside the fence. The peat fields were across the river./6
When Operation Reinhard ended in Nov. 1943 because of the uprising in Sobibor on October 14, the majority of German personnel, incl. Schwarz, were assigned to the Trieste region, in the area of operations on the Adriatic coast. He was assigned to the Sonderabteilung Einsatz R. /7
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02.10. 1888| An aluminum plate with the name Rosenbaum was found during archaeological excavations at Sobibor. From the inscribed name, address, date and place of birth, it was found out that it was from Albert. He lost it just before he was murdered on July 9, 1943. 👇🏽 1/8
2/8 Albert Rosenbaum, was born in Hamburg as a son of Samuel and Minna Rosenbaum. They had six children: Max Meier, Eduard, Albert, Else, Fred Ehrick and Gertrud. Albert and Gertrud were the only siings who did not survive the Holocaust.
3/8 Albert was unmarried and in 1934 he fled to The Netherlands from his home in Hamburg.
28.09.1933 | Leni Valk was born in the German town of Goch, the first and only child of Walter Valk and Erna Stern. At the age of five, she witnessed Kristallnacht and the deportation of her father to Dachau. she was murdered in Sobibor in 1943. Her parents survived. 👇🏼1/7
2/7 Leni lived at Hindenburgstraße 37 in Goch. Her parents had a shop in mens/boys clothing. She was not allowed to go to kindergarten, because a mother form Goch did not want her daughter to play with Jewish children.
3/7 Leni and her mother were forced to move in with family at Herzogenstraße 36 in Goch after Walter's arrest. In December 1938, Leni was clandestinely transported across the border from Germany to the Netherlands. Her uncle, Isaak Valk, took her into his home in Leeuwarden.
09.16.1902 | Marianne Frank. The Franks were the only Jewish family in Ochten. Their store was closed on Saturdays because of the Sabbath. Their Jewishness hardly played a role in the village. However, the Germans murdered Marianne in Sobibor only because she was Jewish. 👇🏼1/7
2/7 On Aug. 18, 1930, Marianne and Sam Frank got married. The family was well-liked in Ochten, where they lived at Ambachtstraat 7 until April 9, 1943. They left their village by bus on their way to the end. The neighbors just watched. The Franks didn't want to go into hiding.
3/7 Sam Frank had a thriving department store. He was rich, had a large circle of friends, a car and a movie camera. He was the driving force behind the village brass band. Sam was in subcamp Moerdijk in June 1943 when his family was deported. He was unable to say goodbye.
03.09.1909 | Louis Meuleman was married to Klara van West and a loving father to Mieke. He represented Meuleman & Van Voolen, a stockings and socks trade in Scheveningen. Their lives were tragically cut short in Sobibor, when they were murdered in July 1943. 👇🏼1/7
2/7 Louis Meuleman was born September 3, 1909 in The Hague as son of David Meuleman and Mietje Mol. He had two sisters and four brothers. He grew up at Jan Blankenstraat 69 in The Hague.
3/7 On 4 June 1936 he married Klara van West in Amsterdam. She was the youngest of the three children of Joseph van West and Gracia Rodrigues Pereira. She was born on 1 August 1909 in Amsterdam and worked there as a sales lady. The day after their wedding they left for Groningen.
02.09.1924 | Today we celebrate the life of Regina Zielinski. She is 1 of only 58 known survivors of Sobibor. She grew up as Riwka Feldman in Siedliczcze, in eastern Poland. She survived for 10 months in Sobibor. In 1949, she emigrated to Australia, where she died in 2014. 👇🏼1/9
2/9 2/9 Regina was forced to the Siedliszcze ghetto with her family on May 18, 1941. On Oct. 22, 1942, she was sent to Staw labor camp. Arriving in Sobibor in Dec. 1942, she was selected to sort clothes & knit socks. She later worked in the laundry, cleaning & sorting ammunition.
3/9 On Oct. 14, 1943, the prisoners in Sobibor revolted. Under gunfire Regina ran through the cut wire fence and escaped into the forest. After three days, she felt it safe enough to return to Siedliszcze. Regina Wojciszyn gave Riwka her birth certificate and thus a new identity
01.07.2024 | From KetiKoti to Sobibor.
On July 1, 1863, the grandparents of Willij and Henriette Cambridge, William Cambridge and Emilia Sniphout witnessed the abolition of slavery in Suriname. 80 years later, in July 1943, Willij and Henriette were murdered in Sobibor.👇🏼1/8
2/8 On July 1, 1873 the obligation expired for William, Emilia, Clasina and Palmyra to work as contract laborers on the Petersburg sugar plantation, where they were enslaved until 1863. The English plantation owner Sir John Young had given them the surname Cambridge.
3/8 The owner of Petersburg Plantation was Sir John Young, Baron Lisgar, 2nd governor general of Canada. Although slavery in the UK was made illegal when the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 came into force in 1834, Sir John Young continued to profit from it in Suriname.