20.06.1943 | #OTD In southern and eastern Amsterdam a big razzia took place on the last remaining Jews. From the gathering places, 5524 Jews were transported to camp Westerbork. Among them were Joseph and Mijam Kulb. On July 9, 1943 they were murdered in #Sobibor. 👇🏼/1 Image
Miriam and Joseph lived just 100 meters from the gatheringpoint in Olympia Square. Joseph had been fired from the Amsterdam municipality on Feb. 28, 1941, and worked at the Jewish Council. Mirjam had been an inspector at the Ministry of Agriculture by profession. /2 Image
The round-up on June 20 was organized in secret. German and Dutch police officers closed off the areas and from 3.30 AM, cars drove around to announce the razzia: non-Jews were ordered to stay inside and Jews were told to report to one of the gatheringpoints. /3 ImageImage
The razzia lasted all day. According to the Westerbork camp registration, 5524 people were deported to transit camp Westerbork on June 20, 1943. See the pictures that were made that day for the SS: niodimagelab.nl/june-20-1943-r… /4 Image
Miriam and Joseph were both born in Amsterdam. But the civil register shows that they lived in several places in the Netherlands. In 1918, they were married. In 1920 they lived in Amsterdam again, where their sons were born. /5 ImageImageImage
For 2 weeks Mirjam and Joseph stayed at Westerbork. On July 6, they were deported and murdered by the Germans in Sobibor on July 9.
Youngest son Wim was already deported to Sobinor on April 20 and selected as Arbeitsjude for Dorohucza. Max was sent to Auschwitz in 1942. /6 Image
In 2022 a monument was unveiled on the Olympiaplein, based on a photograph taken of a group of Jews walking with their belongings, and consists of shadows cast on the asphalt in the places where the photographed victims walked on the Olympiaplein. /7 Image

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More from @Sticht_Sobibor

Jan 7
07.01.1921 | ❤ Jules Schelvis, whose birthday we commemorate today, founded the Sobibor Foundation 25 years ago. We owe it in large part to him that the world is now aware of #Sobibor. He made it his life's work with the motto: You must pass on these stories. A long thread👇🏼1/18 Image
2/18 Jules was born on Jan. 7, 1921, the 2nd child of Jewish parents who went through life as humanists and members of the Social Democratic Workers Party (SDAP). Some Jewish traditions were maintained. He experienced his childhood in a diamond workers' family under varying financial circumstances during the crisis years of the last century as a happy one, especially because in addition to always having bread on the table, there was a focus on culture and science.Image
3/18 Jules was the son of diamond worker Jacob Schelvis and Esther Schelvis-Papegaaij. His father perished in an outside camp at Sachenhausen. His mother and sister Milly survived Bergen-Belsen and Beendorf. That the versatile boy from Amsterdam's Rapenburg, became a historian was not only determined by the history of the twentieth century. Schooling and cultural development were cherished and encouraged by the social democrats, but more than the three-year HBS (high school), as Jules himself had so desired, was out of the question: he had to start earning for the family and became a printer.Image
Read 18 tweets
Dec 21, 2023
21.12.1922 | 🕯 Remembering Doris Mak. She, like her brother, was born in Malmö. Since 1921 her father worked here for the Jewish community and was a ritual butcher. He was born in the Czech Republic. Her mother in Poland. In 1927, the family moved to Meent 94c in Rotterdam.👇🏼1/5 Image
Fiszel Mak moved to Rotterdam 1927, serving the Dutch-Jewish Congregation as second hazzan (cantor) and as shokhet (ritual butcher). After the 1940 bombing, the family moved to Beukelsdijk 152a. Here they lived until April 10, 1943. 2/5 Image
Childhood photos of Doris have been preserved, allowing us to see her grow up from baby to young lady. On April 10, 1940, the family was registered at the Westerbork transit camp. 3/5 Image
Read 5 tweets
Nov 21, 2023
21.11.1932 | 🕯 No photograph of David Juda van der Velde has survived. The Germans erased all his tracks. However, in 2021, during archaeological excavations in Sobibor, the nameplate of 10 y/o David was found at the site of the barracks of the Sonderkommando in Lager III. 👇🏼1/7 Image
What was David thinking about on April 2, 1943 just before he was killed? Was it of his childhood home at 5-II President Brand Street? Was he thinking of his happy childhood in the Transvaal neighborhood? 2/7 Image
The Pres. Brandstraat is in the Transvaal neighborhood, a 1920s neighborhood between the railroad and the Ringvaart canal, a very Jewish neighborhood of the city before WW2. The houses in the Transvaal neighborhood were new; so there was heating, running water and a toilet. 3/7 Image
Read 7 tweets
Oct 6, 2023
In May 2023, 80 years after her deportation, Sophia Engelsman-Huisman (97), the last survivor of #Sobibor, passed away. She also survived Aktion Erntefest, Auschwitz, Bergen-Belsen, Raguhn (Buchenwald) & Theresienstadt. Sophia's life is a testament to strength and survival.👇🏼1/17 Image
The Jewish Huisman family had lived in @rotterdam for almost two centuries and the family was part of the upper middle class. They owned a men's clothing store on the Hoogstraat. In 1927, Karel Huisman became a wholesaler after quitting the family business. 2/17 Image
The Huisman family's home at Goudsestraat 64a, Rotterdam, was destroyed by German bombings on May 14, 1940. They then relocated to Middenhoefstraat 15. They are religious and faithfully attend synagogue and at the same time are fully integrated into the Rotterdam. 3/17 Image
Read 18 tweets
Sep 25, 2023
In late Sept. 1943, a transport from Minsk arrived in #Sobibor. Among them was Alexander 'Sasha' Pechersky, who survived the selection. His presence gave new impetus to the escape plans of Leon Felhendler. Who was this underground leader of Sobibor? 👇🏼1/8 Image
Leon Felhendler was born in Turobin, Poland. His father became Chief Rabbi in Żółkiewka in 1924. Married Toba Wajnberg on May 9, 1935, and had a son, Chaim Szymon, on October 20, 1935. Limited records make it unclear about their second child. 2/8 Image
Leon Felhendler's early life shrouded in mystery due to limited Żółkiewka records. Possible miller, just as his father-in-law. Education and pre-war work unclear. Likely received religious training from his rabbi father. 3/8 Image
Read 8 tweets
Sep 24, 2023
Oct. 14 marks the 80th anniversary of the #Sobibor uprising. Without Sasha Pechersky, that uprising probably would not have happened. Who was he? Alexander Pechersky, son of a Jewish lawyer, was born Feb. 22, 1909, in Kremenchuk, Russian Empire (now Ukraine). Long thread 👇🏼 1/16 Image
Sasha had a one brother Boris (1907) and two sisters, Faina (1906) and Zinaida/Zina (1921). At home, his parents spoke Yiddish. In 1915, his family fled to Rostov-on-Don, where he eventually worked as an electrician at a locomotive repair factory. 2/16 Image
Pechersky was fond of theater and worked in a theater studio, where he met his future wife, Lyudmila Vasilyeyna. In 1933 they married. 3/16 Image
Read 16 tweets

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